Immunotherapy of Esophageal Cancer: Current Status, Many Trials and Innovative Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alsina ◽  
Markus Moehler ◽  
Sylvie Lorenzen
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Innovative Strategies

scholarly journals Current status of minimally invasive esophagectomy for esophageal cancer: Is it truly less invasive?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Oshikiri ◽  
Gosuke Takiguchi ◽  
Susumu Miura ◽  
Nobuhisa Takase ◽  
Hiroshi Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Invasive Esophagectomy ◽  
Less Invasive

Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) in gastrointestinal cancer: Mechanistic and clinical aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (09) ◽  
pp. 450-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos K. Kontos ◽  
Konstantinos Mavridis ◽  
Maroulio Talieri ◽  
Andreas Scorilas
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancer ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies

SummaryThe human tissue kallikrein (KLK1) and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are secreted serine proteases with diverse expression patterns and physiological roles in different systems, including the digestive system. The aberrant expression of KLKs in gastrointestinal malignancies as well as their implication in carcinogenesis including cell growth regulation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis, has prompted scientists to investigate their potential as cancer biomarkers. Expression of distinct KLKs is associated with various clinic-pathological parameters of patients with gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatic, and esophageal cancer. Moreover, several KLKs possess significant favourable or unfavourable prognostic value in these human malignancies. Identification of novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers will contribute utmost to clinical decision-making, since early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer and early detection of recurrence following surgery are critical for the effective treatment of patients and for a positive clinical outcome. The current review provides a brief overview of the functional role of KLKs in gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatic, and esophageal cancer, and describes the current status of KLKs as potential tumour biomarkers in these human malignancies.

A prospective observational study on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting for esophageal cancer patients in Japan.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 135-135
Author(s):  
Sachiko Yamamoto ◽  
Ryu Ishihara ◽  
Naoya Yoshida ◽  
Hideaki Shimada ◽  
Tsuyoshi Noguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Antiemetic Drugs

135 Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is still one of the major problems in cancer treatment. However detailed profile of CINV in patients with esophageal cancer is not known. Prospective multi-center observational study was conducted to assess the current status of CINV in Japan. Methods: Between May 2011 and December 2012, 193 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent systemic chemotherapy with high (HEC) or moderate emetogenic agents (MEC) were registered. Antiemetic drugs (5-HT3 receptor antagonists, dexamethasone and NK1receptor antagonist) were used to suppress CINV. Occurrence and severity of CINV were assessed with a diary provided to the patients prior to chemotherapy. Acute phase (within 24 hours from the start of chemotherapy) and late phase CINV (24 hours or later) were assessed separately. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the predictive factors for acute and late phase CINV. Results: Of 193 patients 165 were male and 28 were female. Median age was 66 (range 40-84). HEC and MEC were administered in 180 and 13 patients, respectively. Acute phase nausea and vomiting were observed in 9 (4.7%) and 7 (3.6%) of 193 patients, respectively. Late-phase nausea and vomiting were observed in 75 (38.9%) and 18 (9.3%) of 193 patients, respectively. Risk factors for acute phase nausea, acute phase vomiting, late phase nausea and late-phase vomiting were assessed separately. By multivariate analysis for late-phase vomiting, younger age (Odds ratio 0.523 [every 10 years]; 95%CI 0.278-0.986; p=0.045) and male gender (Odds ratio 5.796; 95%CI 1.806-18.603; p=0.003) were independent predictive factors. By multivariate analyses for acute phase nausea, acute phase vomiting and late-phase nausea, no independent predictive factor was identified. Conclusions: Acute phase CINV was effectively suppressed by antiemetic drugs, while late phase CINV was not sufficiently suppressed. Further intervention to suppress late phase CINV should be considered, especially in high-risk patients. Clinical trial information: UMIN000005971.

Recent advances in innovative strategies for the CO2 electroreduction reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyi Tan ◽  
Chang Yu ◽  
Yongwen Ren ◽  
Song Cui ◽  
Wenbin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction

This review underlines innovative design strategies for CO2RR system, also distinctively presents the current status and new trend.

Tuberculosis: Current Status, Diagnosis, Treatment and Development of Novel Vaccines

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 446-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Yadav ◽  
Sonali Verma ◽  
Darshna Chaudhary ◽  
Pawan K. Jaiwal ◽  
Ranjana Jaiwal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Bacille Calmette Guerin ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
The World ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
In Silico Models

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs and spreads to other organs of the body through the haematogenous route. It is one of the ten major causes of mortality worldwide. India has the highest incidence of new- and multidrug-resistant (MDR) - TB cases in the world. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the vaccine commonly available against TB. BCG does offer some protection against serious forms of TB in childhood but its protective effect wanes with age. Many new innovative strategies are being trailed for the development of effective and potent vaccines like mucosal- and epitope-based vaccines, which may replace BCG or boost BCG responses. The use of nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment of TB is also in the pipeline along with many other vaccines, which are under clinical trials. Further, in-silico models were developed for finding new drug targets and designing drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). These models offer the benefit of computational experiments which are easy, inexpensive and give quick results. This review will focus on the available treatments and new approaches to develop potent vaccines for the treatment of TB.

The prevalence of lymph node metastases in clinical T1N0 thoracic esophageal cancer from the results of JCOG0502.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Yasunori Akutsu ◽  
Ken Kato ◽  
Hiroyasu Igaki ◽  
Yoshinori Ito ◽  
Isao Nozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Thoracic Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Region ◽  
Diagnosis Accuracy ◽  
Upper Thoracic

10 Background: Recently, a limited operation to avoid needless lymph node (LN) dissection in clinical T1bN0 esophageal cancer (EC) is considered. However, how LN dissection or radiation field should be decided for such cases has not yet been clarified. The information about prevalence of LN metastases (LNMs) would be valuable when the radiation field and extent of LN dissection are considered in the treatment of T1bN0 EC. Methods: JCOG0502 is a randomized controlled trial including a patient preference arm comparing surgery alone to definitive chemoradiotherapy in clinical T1bN0 EC. By using baseline clinical and pathological data of JCOG0502, diagnosis accuracy of LNM was evaluated by comparing clinical and pathologic findings. Then, the sites of pathologic LNMs were determined and the initial sites and the prevalence of LNM were estimated. Results: Between Dec 2006 and Feb 2013, 213 patients (pts) enrolled to the surgery arm in JCOG0502. Pts with multiple lesions or without esophagectomy were excluded and remaining 186 pts were analyzed. Of the 186 pts of clinical T1bN0, 137 pts were diagnosed as LNM negative (73.7%: accuracy of diagnosis), however, 49 pts (26.3%) had pathologic LNMs. Pathologic LNMs were seen at 106recR, 106recL (all in mediastinal region) in upper thoracic (Ut) EC, 101R, 101L, 104R, 104L (in the neck region), 106recR, 106recL, 106tbL, 105, 107, 108, 109L, 110 (in the mediastinal region), 1,2,3,7, 11 (in the abdominal region) in middle thoracic (Mt) EC, and 105, 106recL, 110 (in the mediastinal region), 1, 2, 3, 7 (in the abdominal region) in lower thoracic (Lt) EC, respectively. Of the 49 pts who had pathologic LNMs, 32 pts (65%) were of pathologically N2 or more. Furthermore, 18 pts (37%) had skip LNM (LNM of N2, N3 or N4 without N1). The solitary pathologic LNM was observed in 25 pts: N1 (106recR, 106recL) in Ut, N1 (106recR, 106recL, 108), N2 (101R, 105, 110, 1, 3, 7), in Mt, N1(110, 1), N2 (106recL, 3, 7) in Lt, respectively. Conclusions: In the current status of clinical diagnosis, limited LN dissection or limited field of radiation are not recommended. In surgery, D2 LN dissection is necessary and three-field LN dissection is recommended especially in middle thoracic EC even for clinical T1bN0. Clinical trial information: UMIN000000551.

Multimodality treatment of esophageal cancer: A review of the current status and future directions

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ng ◽  
Thomas Dipetrillo ◽  
John Purviance ◽  
Howard Safran
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Multimodality Treatment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Directions
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