Recent Advances in Treatment Strategies for Lupus Nephritis

2018 ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Karasawa ◽  
Keiko Uchida ◽  
Tomo Takabe ◽  
Takahito Moriyama ◽  
Kosaku Nitta
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Recent Advances

Deciphering the regulation of metabolism with dynamic optimization: an overview of recent advances

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1035-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ewald ◽  
Martin Bartl ◽  
Christoph Kaleta
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Optimization ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Regulation Of Metabolism ◽  
Optimality Principles

Understanding optimality principles shaping the evolution of regulatory networks controlling metabolism is crucial for deriving a holistic picture of how metabolism is integrated into key cellular processes such as growth, adaptation and pathogenicity. While in the past the focus of research in pathway regulation was mainly based on stationary states, more recently dynamic optimization has proved to be an ideal tool to decipher regulatory strategies for metabolic pathways in response to environmental cues. In this short review, we summarize recent advances in the elucidation of optimal regulatory strategies and identification of optimal control points in metabolic pathways. We discuss biological implications of the discovered optimality principles on genome organization and provide examples how the derived knowledge can be used to identify new treatment strategies against pathogens. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the variety of approaches for solving dynamic optimization problems and emphasize whole-cell resource allocation models as an important emerging area of research that will allow us to study the regulation of metabolism on the whole-cell level.

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Prendecki ◽  
Charles D. Pusey
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Systemic Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Made In

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are rare systemic autoimmune diseases characterised by inflammation of small blood vessels. Recent developments have been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, including the pathogenic role of ANCA, neutrophils and monocytes as mediators of injury, dysregulation of the complement system, and the role of T and B cells. Current treatment strategies for AAV are based on broad immunosuppression, which may have significant side effects. Advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of disease have led to the identification of new therapeutic targets which may lead to treatment protocols with less-toxic side effects. The aim of this review is to summarise current information and recent advances in understanding of the pathogenesis of AAV.

scholarly journals New Advances in Acute Ischemic Stroke Management: Review Article

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Hossein Aghamiri ◽  
Sepideh Paybast ◽  
Behnam Safarpour Lima ◽  
Behnam Mansoori
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Arterial Thrombolysis

Cerebrovascular disease is the second cause of death and the sixth cause of morbidity worldwide, which will rise to fourth place by 2020. The treatment strategies for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) divided into two groups, including intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. Regarding growing development in the realm of diagnosis and treatment of stroke through state-of-the-art approaches, including emergent thrombectomy, there are new opportunities for investigation in this area. This is while a rough rate of 85% for strokes is occupied by, and the remained is hemorrhagic. Hence, the present study aimed to review recent advances in AIS with a focus on emergent thrombectomy. Here, we first provided the relevant history, and then the recent advances were discussed. The library data collection method was employed so that such databases as Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct used for data extraction. The evidence confirms the importance of emergent thrombectomy as all believe the famous statement "time is the brain." However, further investigations are required to find more strong evidence accordingly.

Indo–Swiss symposium on advances in pharmacogenomic strategies for implementation of personalized medicine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suja Xaviar ◽  
Shathish Kumar ◽  
Kesavan Ramasamy ◽  
Uppugunduri S Chakradhara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Young Researchers

The Indo–Swiss symposium on advances in pharmacogenomic strategies for implementation of personalized medicine was conducted as a part of the JIPMER Integrated Pharmacogenomics Program (JIPP), held in Puducherry, India on 23 November 2019. The symposium focused on the growing contribution of pharmacogenomic information in designing treatment strategies and promoting better approaches to personalized medicine. The primary objective of this symposium was to bridge gaps in understanding the basics and recent advances in the field of pharmacogenomics. This symposium sought to promote interaction between the Indian and Swiss researchers to initiate future collaborative research projects. This symposium also served as a platform for young researchers to present their research findings as posters to the audience.

scholarly journals Recent advances in the understanding of renal inflammation and fibrosis in lupus nephritis

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Yung ◽  
Desmond YH Yap ◽  
Tak Mao Chan
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Renal Cells ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Dsdna Antibody

Lupus nephritis is a potentially reversible cause of severe acute kidney injury and is an important cause of end-stage renal failure in Asians and patients of African or Hispanic descent. It is characterized by aberrant exaggerated innate and adaptive immune responses, autoantibody production and their deposition in the kidney parenchyma, triggering complement activation, activation and proliferation of resident renal cells, and expression of pro-inflammatory and chemotactic molecules leading to the influx of inflammatory cells, all of which culminate in destruction of normal nephrons and their replacement by fibrous tissue. Anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody level correlates with disease activity in most patients. There is evidence that apart from mediating pathogenic processes through the formation of immune complexes, pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibodies can bind to resident renal cells and induce downstream pro-apoptotic, pro-inflammatory, or pro-fibrotic processes or a combination of these. Recent data also highlight the critical role of macrophages in acute and chronic kidney injury. Though clinically effective, current treatments for lupus nephritis encompass non-specific immunosuppression and the anti-inflammatory action of high-dose corticosteroids. The clinical and histological impact of novel biologics targeting pro-inflammatory molecules remains to be investigated. Insight into the underlying mechanisms that induce inflammatory and fibrotic processes in the kidney of lupus nephritis could present opportunities for more specific novel treatment options to improve clinical outcomes while minimizing off-target untoward effects. This review discusses recent advances in the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms leading to inflammation and fibrosis of the kidney in lupus nephritis in the context of established standard-of-care and emerging therapies.

scholarly journals Pharmacological and Parenteral Nutrition-Based Interventions in Microvillus Inclusion Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Changsen Leng ◽  
Edmond H. H. M. Rings ◽  
Saskia N. de Wildt ◽  
Sven C. D. van IJzendoorn
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Secretory Diarrhea ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Recent Advances

Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a rare inherited and invariably fatal enteropathy, characterized by severe intractable secretory diarrhea and nutrient malabsorption. No cure exists, and patients typically die during infancy because of treatment-related complications. The need for alternative treatment strategies is evident. Several pharmacological interventions with variable successes have been tried and reported for individual patients as part of their clinical care. Unfortunately, these interventions and their outcomes have remained hidden in case reports and have not been reviewed. Further, recent advances regarding MVID pathogenesis have shed new light on the outcomes of these pharmacological interventions and offer suggestions for future clinical research and trials. Hence, an inventory of reported pharmacological interventions in MVID, their rationales and outcomes, and a discussion of these in the light of current knowledge is opportune. Together with a discussion on MVID-specific pharmacokinetic, -dynamic, and -genetic concerns that pose unique challenges regarding pharmacological strategies, we envision that this paper will aid researchers and clinicians in their efforts to develop pharmacological interventions to combat this devastating disease.

scholarly journals Mitophagy Regulates Neurodegenerative Diseases

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1876
Author(s):  
Xufeng Cen ◽  
Manke Zhang ◽  
Mengxin Zhou ◽  
Lingzhi Ye ◽  
Hongguang Xia
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Metabolic Process ◽  
Recent Advances

Mitochondria play an essential role in supplying energy for the health and survival of neurons. Mitophagy is a metabolic process that removes dysfunctional or redundant mitochondria. This process preserves mitochondrial health. However, defective mitophagy triggers the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, causing major neurodegenerative disorders. This review introduces molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways behind mitophagy regulation. Furthermore, we focus on the recent advances in understanding the potential role of mitophagy in the pathogenesis of major neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, etc.) and aging. The findings will help identify the potential interventions of mitophagy regulation and treatment strategies of neurodegenerative diseases.

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