scholarly journals Circulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Biomarkers for Dietary Intake across Subgroups: The CODAM and Hoorn Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne J. Wanders ◽  
Marjan Alssema ◽  
Sabine E.M. De Hoon ◽  
Edith J.M. Feskens ◽  
Geertruida J. van Woudenbergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Standardized Regression Coefficients ◽  
Participant Characteristics ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Status

Aims: To evaluate whether participant characteristics and way of expressing circulating fatty acids (FA) influence the strengths of associations between self-reported intake and circulating levels of linoleic acid (LA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were performed in pooled data from the CODAM (n = 469) and Hoorn (n = 702) studies. Circulating FA were measured by gas liquid chromatography and expressed as proportions (% of total FA) and concentrations (µg/mL). Dietary intakes were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Effects of participant characteristics on associations between dietary and circulating FA were calculated using interaction analyses. Results: Standardized regression coefficients between dietary FA and proportions of circulating FA (% of total FA) were LA β = 0.28, ALA β = 0.13, EPA β = 0.34, and DHA β = 0.45. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and presence of CVD influenced associations for LA; gender influenced LA, EPA, and DHA; alcohol intake influenced LA and DHA; and glucose tolerance status influenced ALA (p values interaction <0.05). Coefficients for circulating FA as concentrations were LA β = 0.19, ALA β = 0.10, EPA β = 0.31, and DHA β = 0.41. Conclusions: This study suggests that characteristics such as BMI, alcohol intake, and expressing circulating FA as proportions or concentrations, influence associations between dietary and circulating FA.

Abstract P233: Plasma essential fatty acids and type 2 diabetes risk: the Hoorn Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Alssema ◽  
Mieke Cabout ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
Coen D Stehouwer ◽  
Peter L Zock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prospective Analyses

Background: A high consumption of the polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) instead of saturated fatty acids is known to reduce CHD risk, but data on the relation between LA and ALA intake and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) risk are limited and inconsistent. Plasma levels of LA and ALA provide a relatively accurate reflection of the intake over several weeks or months, because of the essential nature of these fatty acids. Objective: To investigate the association of the percentage of LA and ALA in plasma lipids with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post-load glucose (PLG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as markers of T2DM risk. Methods: The study population included 667 Dutch men and women, aged 50-75 years from the population-based Hoorn Study. Baseline data for the current study were collected between 2000 and 2001, with follow-up in 2008. Linear regression models were used in cross-sectional and prospective analyses. Results: In cross-sectional analyses, plasma LA (per %) was significantly and inversely associated with FPG ( B = -0.022 [-0.044, 0.000]) and PLG ( B = -0.096 [-0.155, -0.036]), but not with HbA1c ( B = 0.000 [-0.014, 0.014]), after adjustment for age, gender, total energy intake, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, fiber, dietary saturated fat intake, alcohol intake and education level. In prospective analyses, plasma LA was not significantly associated with FPG, PLG or HbA1c after adjustments for baseline glucose. In addition, no significant associations were found between plasma ALA and markers of T2DM risk in cross-sectional or prospective analyses. Conclusion: Plasma LA, but not ALA, was inversely associated with fasting and post-load glucose levels in cross-sectional, but not in prospective analyses. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of plasma LA and ALA levels and dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids in glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Total Fat and Fatty Acid Intake among 1–7-Year-Old Children from 33 Countries: Comparison with International Recommendations

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3547
Author(s):  
Cathriona Monnard ◽  
Mathilde Fleith
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Linoleic Acid Intake ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
First Time

This work reviews available data on dietary intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and individual polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in children in different countries worldwide and for the first time, compares them with recent international recommendations. Studies published before June 2021 reporting total fat, total SFA and individual PUFA intakes in children aged 1–7 y were included. Observed intakes were evaluated against FAO/WHO and EFSA recommendations. 65 studies from 33 countries were included. Fat intake was too low in 88% of studies in young children (1–3 y). SFA intake was >10%E in 69–73% of children, especially in Europe. Linoleic acid intake was <3%E in 24% of studies in 1–2 y olds and within FAO/WHO recommendations among all other ages. Alpha-linolenic acid intake was <0.5%E in almost half of studies. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid + DHA intakes were below recommendations in most studies. In summary, while total fat intake was too low among younger children, SFA intake was above, especially in Europe and n-3 PUFA intake, especially DHA, were below recommendations for all ages. Intake of n-3 PUFA, especially DHA, is generally suboptimal. More data, particularly from developing countries, are required to refine these findings and guide implementation of adapted nutrition policies.

scholarly journals INADEQUACY OF N-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID DIETARY INTAKES IN THE GENERAL FRENCH POPULATION OF ELDERLY (65 TO 79 YEARS OLD): THE INCA 2 SURVEY

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
B. Buaud ◽  
J. Tressou ◽  
P. Guesnet ◽  
N. Simon ◽  
S. Pasteau
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intakes in the French elderly population (65 to 79 years old). Design: The study used data on French food consumption issued from 348 elderly of the cross-sectional national French INCA 2 dietary survey performed in 2006 and 2007, combined with the nutritional content of food consumed updated in 2013 by the French Information Center on Food Quality. Results: It was observed for the French elderly population an adequate total fat daily intake and a linoleic acid (LA) daily intake close or superior to the recommended dietary intake (RDI) by the French authorities (from 4.1 to 4.4% of the total energy intake excluding alcohol (EIEA) vs 4% EIEA). By contrast, the French elderly have, regardless of age and gender, a low mean dietary alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) intake equal half of the RDI (0.5% EIEA vs 1% EIEA), and a mean dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake close to two-thirds of the RDI (i.e. from 154 to 167 mg/d vs 250 mg/d). These translated into a LA/ALA ratio between 9.5 and 9.9, twice as high as the recommended threshold inferior to 5, and a mean dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) plus DHA intake (from 267 to 293 mg/d) slightly more than half of the RDI (500 mg/d). Conclusion: This study supports the need to promote higher intakes of n-3 PUFAs, as well as the setting of specific intake recommendations for these fatty acids for the French elderly population.

Abstract 3607: Plasma ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with reduced risk of heart failure among women: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumasa Yamagishi ◽  
Jennifer A Nettleton ◽  
Aaron R Folsom
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Aric Study ◽  
Reduced Risk

BACKGROUND A previous prospective study showed that dietary intakes of fish or ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were associated with reduced risk of heart failure (HF), but no study has examined the association between plasma ω-3 PUFA and HF. Our a priori hypothesis was that plasma ω-3 PUFA would be inversely associated with incident HF. METHODS We included 3,592 white participants from the Minneapolis field center of the ARIC Study, aged 45– 64 at baseline (1987– 89), initially free of coronary heart disease, stroke and HF. Fractions of plasma cholesterol ester (CE) and phospholipid (PL) ω-3 PUFA of marine origin (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA], ω-3 docosapentaenoic acid [DPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) were measured by gas-liquid chromatography. The subjects were followed through 2003, and incident HF was defined by a hospital discharge or death including a HF ICD code. The hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (HR [95%CI]) for HF was calculated according to quintiles of CE and PL fractions of ω-3 PUFA. RESULTS During the 14.3-year follow-up, we identified 197 cases of CHF (110 for men and 87 for women). After adjustment for age and potential risk factors (smoking, pack-years, alcohol consumption, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, plasma total cholesterol, diabetes and total energy intake), the incidence of HF for women was associated inversely and linearly with ω-3 PUFA in the PL fraction (HR for highest quintile vs lowest quintile was 0.27 [0.12– 0.63], p for trend <0.001). There was a similar tendency for the CE fraction for women (HR=0.45 [0.20 –1.03], p for trend =0.08). No associations were observed for men (interaction for gender p=0.04 for PL fraction). CONCLUSIONS We found a significant inverse association between plasma ω-3 PUFA and incident HF among women, consistent with a prior study using a food frequency questionnaire. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, no such association was observed for men.

scholarly journals Metabolic profiling of alcohol consumption in 9778 young adults

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Würtz ◽  
Sarah Cook ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Mika Tiainen ◽  
Tuulia Tynkkynen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Signature ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Markers

Background: High alcohol consumption is a major cause of morbidity, yet alcohol is associated with both favourable and adverse effects on cardiometabolic risk markers. We aimed to characterize the associations of usual alcohol consumption with a comprehensive systemic metabolite profile in young adults. Methods: Cross-sectional associations of alcohol intake with 86 metabolic measures were assessed for 9778 individuals from three population-based cohorts from Finland (age 24 45 years, 52% women). Metabolic changes associated with change in alcohol intake during 6-year follow-up were further examined for 1466 individuals. Alcohol intake was assessed by questionnaires. Circulating lipids, fatty acids and metabolites were quantified by high-throughput nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and biochemical assays. Results: Increased alcohol intake was associated with cardiometabolic risk markers across multiple metabolic pathways, including higher lipid concentrations in HDL subclasses and smaller LDL particle size, increased proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and decreased proportion of omega-6 fatty acids, lower concentrations of glutamine and citrate (P<0.001 for 56 metabolic measures). Many metabolic biomarkers displayed U-shaped associations with alcohol consumption. Results were coherent for men and women, consistent across the three cohorts, and similar if adjusting for body mass index, smoking and physical activity. The metabolic changes accompanying change in alcohol intake during follow-up resembled the cross-sectional association pattern (R2=0.83, slope=0.72±0.04). Conclusions: Alcohol consumption is associated with a complex metabolic signature, including aberrations in multiple biomarkers for elevated cardiometabolic risk. The metabolic signature tracks with long-term changes in alcohol consumption. These results elucidate the double-edged effects of alcohol on cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Dietary intakes and food sources of fat and fatty acids in Guatemalan schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odilia I Bermudez ◽  
Claire Toher ◽  
Gabriela Montenegro-Bethancourt ◽  
Marieke Vossenaar ◽  
Paul Mathias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals The relation between alcohol intake and physical activity and the fatty acids 14: 0, 15: 0 and 17: 0 in serum phospholipids and adipose tissue used as markers for dairy fat intake

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rosell ◽  
G. Johansson ◽  
L. Berglund ◽  
B. Vessby ◽  
U. de Faire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dairy Fat ◽  
Serum Phospholipids

The relative contents of the fatty acids 14: 0, 15: 0 and 17: 0 in serum and adipose tissue may be used as biological markers of dairy fat intake. However, the determinants of these fatty acids are not fully understood. This study investigates the relationship between these fatty acids and the intake of macronutrients and physical activity in a cross-sectional study of 301 healthy men aged 61–64 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a pre-coded 7 d food record, and physical activity during the previous year was recorded in an interview. Under-reporters of energy intake were identified by the Goldberg cut-off. Fatty acid composition was determined in serum phospholipids (PL) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) from the upper buttock. The relative content of each of 14: 0, 15: 0 and 17: 0 in PL and AT was positively associated with the intake of dairy fat. In addition, all three fatty acids were inversely correlated with alcohol intake,Rranging from −0·28 to −0·53 (P<0·001). The results were not markedly affected when under-reporters (n88) were excluded from the analyses. In both PL and AT, the relative content of the fatty acids was approximately 5% higher in a group of high physical activity compared with a group of low physical activity, although significant trends were only seen for 14: 0 in PL and 17: 0 in AT. The findings suggest that adjustments should be made for alcohol intake when the fatty acids 14: 0, 15: 0 and 17: 0 are applied as markers for dairy fat intake.

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

Relationship Between Nutrient Intake and Vitamin D Status in Osteoporotic Women

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
de Souza Genaro ◽  
de Paiva Pereira ◽  
de Medeiros Pinheiro ◽  
Szejnfeld ◽  
Araújo Martini
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Records

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis and optimizing bone health. Its inadequacy is related to many factors including dietary intake. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D and its relationship with nutrient intakes in postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study comprised 45 free-living and assisted elderly at São Paulo Hospital. Three-day dietary records were used to assess dietary intakes. Bone mineral density was measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA). Blood and urine sample were collected for analysis of biochemical markers of bone and mineral metabolism. Insufficiency of vitamin D was observed in 24.4% of the women and optimal levels (≥ 50 nmol/L) were observed in 75.6%. Parathyroid hormone was above the reference range in 51% of the participants. The mean calcium (724 mg/day) and vitamin D (4.2 μ g/day) intakes were lower than the value proposed by The Food and Nutrition Board and sodium intake was more than two-fold above the recommendation. Higher levels of serum 25(OH)D were inversely associated with sodium intake. Dietary strategies to improve serum vitamin D must focus on increasing vitamin D intake and should take a reduction of sodium intake into consideration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document