scholarly journals Anti-Diabetic Effects of the Ethyl-Acetate Fraction of Trichilia catigua in Streptozo-tocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 1087-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mello Gomes ◽  
Luis Fernando de Paulo ◽  
Cynthia Priscilla do Nascimento Bonato Panizzon ◽  
Camila Quaglio Neves ◽  
Bruna Colombo Cordeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Food And Water Intake ◽  
Pancreas Morphology ◽  
Group D

Background/Aims: Trichilia catigua A. Juss., known as “catuaba” in Brazil, has been popularly used as a tonic for fatigue, impotence and memory deficits. Previously, our group demonstrated that the ethyl-acetate fraction (EAF) of T. catigua has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study evaluated the anti-diabetic activity of EAF in type 1 diabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (N: non-diabetic group, D: type 1 diabetic group, NC: non-diabetic + EAF group and DC: type 1 diabetic + EAF group). The latter two groups were treated with 200 mg/kg EAF. Type 1 diabetes was induced by intravenous streptozotocin (STZ) injection (35 mg/kg). Starting two days after STZ injection, EAF was administered daily by gavage for 8 weeks. Results: EAF attenuated body mass loss and reduced food and water intake. EAF improved hyperglycaemia and other biochemical parameters, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Furthermore, the number of pancreatic β-cells and the size of the islets had increased by β-cell proliferation in the DC group. EAF promoted reduction in kidney tissue damage in STZ-induced diabetic rats by reduction of renal fibrosis. Conclusion: The present study showed that EAF improves glucose homeostasis and endocrine pancreas morphology and inhibits the development of diabetic nephropathy in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Comparative free radical scavenging and hypoglycemic activities of n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions of Azanza garckeana pulp

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Abubakar A. Yusuf ◽  
Toheeb D. Yissa ◽  
Abdulhakeem Rotimi Agboola ◽  
Sodiq M Balogun ◽  
Peter O. Adeboye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hypoglycemic Effect ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing on a global trend. The aim of the present study is to identify the most effective antioxidants and hypoglycemic fraction of Azanza garckeana. Methods: The fractions (nhexane or ethyl-acetate or aqueous) of A. garckeana were administered to the alloxan-induced diabetic rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 15 days. Antioxidants activities were evaluated at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL using the DPPH scavenging assay. Results: Results revealed that both the hexane, ethyl-acetate, and aqueous fractions exhibited hypoglycemic and antioxidants activities in a dose-dependent manner. The n-hexane fraction demonstrated highest percentage DPPH scavenging effect of 26.34±3.43, 38.44±4.35, 59.34±3.45, and 74.83±5.35 at 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL respectively. The ethyl-acetate fraction demonstrated 19.33±2.98, 28.94±3.24, 47.34±2.90, and 57.82±4.54 respectively while the aqueous fraction exhibited the least activities of 12.45±23.45, 18.64±2.94, 27.94±3.89, and 39.43±3.89 at concentrations of 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 µg/mL respectively. In addition, the n-hexane fraction demonstrated the most significant hypoglycemic effect with the highest glucose reduction of 58.97 ±3.45 %, 63.86±5.35 %, and 66.51±4.35 %, ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated glucose reduction of 7.55±0.54%, 21.77±2.35 %, and 29.56±3.46 % while the aqueous fraction demonstrated the least hypoglycemic effect of 9.89±2.67 %, 18.09±3.45 %, and 18.87±3.24 at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg bw respectively. Conclusion: The n-hexane fraction of Azanza garckeana extract could serve as a reservoir of bioactive agents that could be useful for the development of a new anti-diabetic agent

scholarly journals The Effects of Lycopene and Insulin on Histological Changes and the Expression Level of Bcl-2 Family Genes in the Hippocampus of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoume Soleymaninejad ◽  
Seyed Gholamali Joursaraei ◽  
Farideh Feizi ◽  
Iraj Jafari Anarkooli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Group D

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of antioxidants lycopene and insulin on histological changes and expression of Bcl-2 family genes in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into six groups of control (C), control treated with lycopene (CL), diabetic (D), diabetic treated with insulin (DI), diabetic treated with lycopene (DL), and diabetic treated with insulin and lycopene (DIL). Diabetes was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, IP), lycopene (4 mg/kg/day) was given to the lycopene treated groups as gavages, and insulin (Sc, 1-2 U/kg/day) was injected to the groups treated with insulin. The number of hippocampus neurons undergoing cell death in group D had significant differences with groups C and DIL (p<0.001). Furthermore, insulin and lycopene alone or together reduced the expression of Bax, but increased Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL levels in DI, DL, and DIL rats, especially when compared to group D (p<0.001). The ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 and Bax/Bcl-xL in DI, DL, and DIL rats were also reduced (p<0.001). Our results indicate that treatment with insulin and/or lycopene contribute to the prevention of cell death by reducing the expression of proapoptotic genes and increasing the expression of antiapoptotic genes in the hippocampus.

Ibuprofen Attenuates Cardiac Fibrosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Cardiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weili Qiao ◽  
Cheng Wang ◽  
Bing Chen ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Yaowu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tgf Β1

Objective: To investigate the effects of ibuprofen on cardiac fibrosis in a rat model of type 1 diabetes. Methods: The diabetic model was established by injecting streptozotocin into the rats. Then, ibuprofen or pioglitazone was given by gavage for 8 weeks. The cardiac fibrosis was assessed, and the major components of the renin-angiotensin system, the transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), were evaluated by histopathological, immunohistochemical, Western blot analysis or ELISA assay. Results: Obvious cardiac fibrosis was detected in the diabetic group and was alleviated by ibuprofen treatment. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin (Ang) II and AngII type 1 receptor (AT1-R) levels were higher, and ACE2, Ang(1-7) and Mas receptor (Mas-R) were lower in the diabetic group. The ratio of ACE to ACE2 was raised in the diabetic group. All these changes were ameliorated by ibuprofen. TGF-β1 and mTOR were raised in the hearts of the diabetic group and were attenuated by ibuprofen treatment. There was no significant difference between the ibuprofen and the pioglitazone groups. Conclusion: Ibuprofen could ameliorate the cardiac fibrosis in diabetic rats by reduction of the ACE/AngII/AT1-R axis and enhancement of the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas-R axis, leading to a decrease in TGF-β1 and mTOR.

scholarly journals Effect of Root Extract Fractions of Kyllinga triceps Rottb on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Swaroopa Rani Vanapatla ◽  
G Krishna Mohan ◽  
B Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Neonatal Rats ◽  
Acute Study

The present study was aimed to evaluate the root extract fractions of Kyllinga triceps (KT) for their antidiabetic potential on streptozotocin induced diabetes in neonatal rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (90mg/kg) to 48±2h old neonatal rats. Effect of root extract fractions (toluene, ethyl acetate, 1- butanol at 50 &100 mg/kg.) were tested for their antihyperglycemic activity by measuring their fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats at 0,2,4,6,8,12 & 24 h after the treatment. In sub acute study ethyl acetate fraction of KT (EAKT) was administered daily to diabetic rats orally at a dose of 100mg/kg for 28 days. Body weight of the animals and blood glucose level were observed at weekly interval during the study. Cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, SGPT, ALP, creatinine and total proteins level in serum were also estimated at the initial and after 28 days of the treatment. As the preliminary investigation conducted in our lab on methanolic extract of the roots of KT had showed significant oral glucose tolerance with 200 mg/kg in normal rats. Oral administration of fractions of the plant significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Among the fractions, EAKT was found to be more effective. Further, in sub-acute study, EAKT, showed a significant anti diabetic activity by reversal of the altered afore said serum biochemical parameters. The results of the study are substantiating the traditional claim of the roots of Kyllinga triceps in the treatment of diabetes with a scope for development of antidiabetic herbal drug from EAKT.   Key words: Antidiabetic activity; Kyllinga triceps; Ethyl acetate fraction; Streptozotocin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjps.v4i1.8863 SJPS 2011; 4(1): 25-30

scholarly journals Hypoglicemic and Hypolipedimic Effects of Ganoderma lucidum in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Medicines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Bach ◽  
Edgar Hi ◽  
Ana Martins ◽  
Paloma Nascimento ◽  
Nilsa Wadt
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Normoglycemic Control

Background:Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex. Fr) Karst is a basidiomycete mushroom that has been used for many years as a food supplement and medicine. In Brazil, National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) classified Ganoderma lucidum as a nutraceutical product. The objective of the present work was to observe the effects of an extract from Ganoderma lucidum in rats treated with streptozotocin, and an agent that induces diabetes. Method: Male Wistar rats were obtained from the animal lodging facilities of both University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE) and Lusiada Universitary Center (UNILUS) with approval from the Ethics Committee for Animal Research. Animals were separated into groups: (1) C: Normoglycemic control water; (2) CE: Normoglycemic control group that received hydroethanolic extract (GWA); (3) DM1 + GWA: Diabetic group that received extract GWA; and (4) DM1: Diabetic group that received water. The treatment was evaluated over a 30-day period. Food and water were weighted, and blood plasma biochemical analysis performed. Results: G. lucidum extract contained beta-glucan, proteins and phenols. Biochemical analysis indicated a decrease of plasma glycemic and lipid levels in DM rats induced with streptozotocin and treated with GWA extract. Histopathological analysis from pancreas of GWA-treated DM animals showed preservation of up to 50% of pancreatic islet total area when compared to the DM control group. In plasma, Kyn was present in diabetic rats, while in treated diabetic rats more Trp was detected. Conclusion: Evaluation from G. lucidum extract in STZ-hyperglycemic rats indicated that the extract possesses hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities. Support: Proj. CNPq 474681/201.

scholarly journals Can troxerutin pretreatment prevent testicular complications in prepubertal diabetic male rats?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Ghadiri ◽  
Fariba Mirzaei Bavil ◽  
Gholam Reza Hamidian ◽  
Hajar Oghbaei ◽  
Zohreh Zavvari Oskuye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Apoptosis Process

AbstractObjective. The vast majority of type 1 diabetes leads to a higher prevalence of reproductive system’s impairments. Troxerutin has attracted much attention owing to its favorable properties, including antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. This investigation was proposed to evaluate whether pretreatment with troxerutin could prevent apoptosis-induced testicular disorders in prepubertal diabetic rats.Methods. Fifty prepubertal male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (C), troxerutin (TX), diabetic (D), diabetic+troxerutin (DTX), and diabetic+insulin (DI). Diabetes was induced by 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin applied intraperitoneally. In TX and DTX groups, 150 mg/kg troxerutin was administered by oral gavage. Diabetic rats in DI group received 2–4 U NPH insulin subcutaneously. Troxerutin and insulin treatments were begun immediately on the day of diabetes confirmation. After 30 days, the testicular lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity, apoptosis process, and stereology as well as serum glucose and insulin levels were assessed.Results. The results showed that diabetes caused a significant increase in the blood glucose, the number of TUNEL positive cells and tubules, and the malondialdehyde level as well as a significant decrease in serum insulin level compared to controls. The stereological analysis also revealed various alterations in diabetic rats compared to controls. Troxerutin treatment improved these alterations compared to the diabetic group.Conclusion. Troxerutin-pretreatment may play an essential role in the management of the type-1 diabetes-induced testicular disorders by decreasing blood glucose and modulating apoptosis.

scholarly journals Dalteparin as a Novel Therapeutic Agent to Prevent Diabetic Encephalopathy by Targeting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-804
Author(s):  
Motahareh Zeinivand ◽  
◽  
Arezo Nahavandi ◽  
Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad ◽  
Mehrdad Roghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Hepcidin Expression ◽  
Iron Load ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: Hepcidin is the main modulator of systemic iron metabolism, and its role in the brain has been clarified recently. Studies have shown that hepcidin plays an important role in neuronal iron load and inflammation. This issue is of significance because neuronal iron load and inflammation are pathophysiological processes that are highly linked to neurodegeneration. Moreover, the activity of hepcidin has recently been manipulated to recover the neuronal impairment caused by brain inflammation in animal models. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce type 1 diabetes. Male Wistar rats (n = 40) with a weight range of 200–250 g were divided into control, diabetic, diabetic + insulin, and diabetic + dalteparin groups. Dalteparin (100 mg/kg IP) and insulin (100 mg/kg SC) were administered for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, Y-maze and passive avoidance tasks were carried out. The animals were perfused randomly and their hippocampal tissue was isolated for the analysis of markers such as lipid peroxidation like Malondialdehyde (MDA), hepcidin expression, iron, and ferritin. Blood samples were taken for the measurement of serum inflammatory cytokine Interleukin (IL)-6. Results: The findings indicated that treatment with dalteparin reduced IL-6, MDA, ferritin, and hepcidin expression in diabetic rats compared to treatment with insulin (P<0.05). Moreover, treatment with dalteparin did not decrease the iron level or prevented its decline. Conclusion: Treatment with dalteparin improved the cognitive dysfunctions and symptoms of Alzheimer disease in STZ-induced diabetic rats by appropriately modulating and reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. This may enhance the existing knowledge of therapeutics to reduce cognitive impairment in diabetes and is suggested to be a potential therapeutic agent in diabetes.

scholarly journals ANTIOBESITY OF FRACTIONS WATER EXTRACT OF TAMARIND (TAMARINDUS INDICA L.) IN MALE WISTAR RATS INDUCED HIGH CARBOHYDRATE DIET

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Nurul Hidayah ◽  
Ketut Adnyana I ◽  
Ketut Adnyana I ◽  
Neng Fisheri ◽  
Neng Fisheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Weight Decrease

Objective: The prevalence of obesity increases each year globally. Multifactorial etiology of obesity requires therapy management including changing of diet and medicines. Some of obesity drugs have shown ineffectiveness and safety. The previous study showed that water extract of tamarind could reduce body weight (bw). This study aimed to test the activity fraction of water extract tamarind as antiobesity using high carbohydrate diet.Method: The preventive research of antiobesity had done by given water fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of water extract tamarind following with induced high carbohydrate diet during 6th weeks in male Wistar rats. The parameters had observed including consumption of food, body weight, weight of feces, volume of urine, total cholesterols, triglycerides, blood glucose, index of organs, and accumulation of body fat.Result: The ethyl acetate fraction at doses 4.5 mg/kg bw has shown significantly effect to decrease of total cholesterols level and decrease of triglycerides level at weeks 6 (p<0.05). All the tests of fraction have shown activity inhibition of increased body weight, decrease of appetite, total cholesterols, triglycerides, and blood glucose. Meanwhile, mechanism action of antiobesity as increase defecation, urination, and decrease index of organs and accumulation of body fat have not shown by all these test fractions.Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction at doses of 4.5 mg/kg bw can inhibit raising of body weight, decrease of total cholesterols, and triglycerides level greater than the other test groups, where increasing of these levels of blood biochemistry was closely related to the pathology of obesity.

scholarly journals D-limonene in diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e24-e24
Author(s):  
Shahrokh Bagheri ◽  
Mostafa Moradi Sarabi ◽  
Mohammadreza Gholami ◽  
Vahideh Assadollahi ◽  
Reza Mohammadrezaei Khorramabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multi-factorial condition associated with oxidative stress. Limonene, as a plant-derived antioxidant, can be used for treating DM. Objectives: An investigation on antioxidant effects in diabetic rats exposed to D-limonene. Materials and Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were categorized into six groups as follows: control (healthy rats), diabetic control (untreated diabetic rats), sham glibenclamide, diabetic glibenclamide, sham limonene, and finally diabetic limonene. Alloxan (100 mg/dL) was infused intraperitoneally to induce type 1 diabetes in rats. Rats in certain groups were given limonene (100 mg/dL) and glibenclamide (10 mg/dL) orally for 8 weeks. Subsequently, animals were killed, and their kidneys were removed. Serum levels of biochemical factors (including serum creatinine, urea, and glucose) were determined, and factors such as nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured in kidney tissue homogenate. The gene expression and enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the kidney were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and spectrophotometry, respectively. Results: Limonene treatment significantly decreased serum glucose, creatinine, and urea. Additionally, MDA, MPO, and NO significantly decreased while GSH increased after treatment with limonene. Real-time RT-PCR showed significant elevation (P<0.05) in mRNA levels of GPx, CAT, and SOD in the limonene-treated compared with the diabetic control group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that limonene as an herbal antioxidant had better effects on antioxidant markers compared to glibenclamide in rat models of diabetes.

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