scholarly journals Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Transitional Zone after Ileal Pouch Surgery for Ulcerative Colitis: Systematic Review and Treatment Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Pellino ◽  
Christos Kontovounisios ◽  
Diana Tait ◽  
John Nicholls ◽  
Paris P. Tekkis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Ileal Pouch ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Pouch Surgery

Background: Few cases of pouch-related cancers have been reported in ulcerative colitis (UC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is very rare. Method: A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify all unequivocal cases of pouch-related SCC in UC patients. Results: Eight cases of SCC developing after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) have been observed since 1978. Two arose from the pouch mucosa and 6 from below. The pooled cumulative incidence of SCC is below 0.06% after IPAA. Many patients had neoplasia on the preoperative specimen, but squamous metaplasia of the pouch or anorectal mucosa may have an important role in SCC. These patients are rarely offered chemoradiation therapy and the outcome is poor. Selected patients with SCC located close to the pouch outlet can be treated with chemoradiation prior to consideration of surgery and salvage their pouch. A chemoradiation regimen is suggested to avoid pouch excision in these patients. Conclusions: SCC is rare after pouch surgery but associated with extremely poor survival. Very low SCC can be managed with chemoradiation treatment, preserving the pouch and avoiding surgery, even in older patients. The role of pouch metaplasia, surveillance frequency, and treatment modalities after IPAA need further studying.

scholarly journals Circulating Tumour Cell Expression of Immune Markers as Prognostic and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8229
Author(s):  
Karl Payne ◽  
Matthew Pugh ◽  
Jill Brooks ◽  
Nikolaos Batis ◽  
Graham Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Immune Marker ◽  
Marker Expression

Rates of loco-regional recurrence and distant metastasis remain high among head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, despite advancing cancer treatment modalities and therapeutic agents. One area that has generated considerable interest is the immune landscape of the tumour, heralding a wave of immune checkpoint inhibitors with notable efficacy in recurrent/metastatic HNSCC patients. However, HNSCC remains poorly served by biomarkers that can direct treatment in a personalised fashion to target the tumour heterogeneity seen between patients. Detection and analysis of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in HNSCC has provided a previously unseen view of the metastasis forming cells that are potentially contributing to poor clinical outcomes. In particular, identifying CTC expression of phenotypic and druggable protein markers has allowed CTC sub-populations to be defined that hold prognostic value or are potential therapeutic targets themselves. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the role of CTC immune-marker expression as prognostic/therapeutic biomarkers in HNSCC by evaluating progress to date and discussing areas for future research. Our results highlight how few studies have been able to demonstrate prognostic significance of immune-marker expression in CTCs. As expected, the immune checkpoint PD-L1 was the most widely investigated marker. However, no studies evaluated CTC target immune marker expression in immunotherapy cohorts. Despite these findings, the data presented demonstrate promise that CTCs may be a source of future biomarkers for immunotherapy and will provide valuable information regarding the potential immune evasion of these metastasis forming cells.

scholarly journals Colonic Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Ulcerative Colitis: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilan Cheng ◽  
Michael D Sitrin ◽  
Sateesh K Satchidanand ◽  
Jan M Novak
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare neoplasm in the colorectum. A case of SCC rising from an area of squamous metaplasia in the rectum is presented in a patient with long-standing ulcerative colitis and perianal warts. This is the first report in the literature describing the evolution of squamous metaplasia in the colonic mucosa into invasive carcinoma over time. Related literature on colorectal SCC and squamous metaplasia, and their relationships with inflammatory bowel disease and human papilloma virus, is reviewed.

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