Nutrition Status, Nutrition Support Therapy, and Food Intake are Related to Prolonged Hospital Stays in China: Results from the NutritionDay 2015 Survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijun Zheng ◽  
Yingchun Huang ◽  
Yongmei Shi ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jianchun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Oral Nutrition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Background and Aims: Malnutrition is a common and critical problem that greatly influences the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients. Nutrition support therapy and food intake, in addition to disease-related factors, are also important to maintain the nutrition status of patients. In light of this, we aimed to examine the risk factors associated with malnutrition in 3 hospitals in China. Methods: This project was part of the NutritionDay audit, an international daylong cross-sectional audit investigating the nutritional intervention profiles of hospitalized patients. Seven standardized questionnaires were used, and malnutrition was defined as a body mass index <18.5 kg/m2 or unintentional weight loss >5% in last 3 months. Results: A total of 842 hospitalized patients from 9 units in 3 Chinese hospitals participated in the project on November 19, 2015. Among them, 825 were included in the analyses. Malnutrition was identified in 29.3% of the patients and oral nutrition was the primary nutrition support therapy administered (n = 623, 75.6%). Age, nutrition support, and food intake during the past week were independent risk factors for malnutrition. Furthermore, nutrition status, nutrition support therapy, and food intake during the past week were associated with prolonged length of stay. Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition in Chinese hospitals was similar to that in European hospitals. Nutrition status was associated with age, nutrition support, and food intake, which was closely related to patients' clinical outcome, such as prolonged hospital stays as confirmed in this study. More studies are needed to determine why nutrition intake is often inadequate and to determine efficient methods for correcting the nutrition status of patients.

scholarly journals Reduced Food Intake Is Associated with Mortality in Hospitalized Patients (P12-026-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungah Chi ◽  
Soyoon Yoon ◽  
Eunhee Kang ◽  
Shinsook Kang ◽  
Yeonmi Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probability Of Death ◽  
Inadequate Food Intake

Abstract Objectives Inadequate food intake is associated with mortality in hospitalized patients. Even with the emphasis on malnutrition-related dangers, investigating all hospitalized patients in Korea for food intake and factors affecting food intake is difficult but we need to food intake in hospitalized patients for efficient nutrition management. Therefore, A large-scale nutrition investigation was conducted to examine food intake in all hospitalized patients. We aimed to examine food intakes in hospitalized patients in Korea, to evaluate the relationship between inadequate food intake and mortality, and to ascertain mortality-related risk factors. Methods A one-day cross-sectional study on food intake and mortality was conducted on 1074 hospitalized adult patients on June 23, 2011. Food intake, assessed using questionnaires, was divided into four categories: 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. We collected disease-related factors and meal-related factors from electronic medical records. We also evaluated "length of hospital stay" and "probability of death in hospital" using a post-survey after 60 days. We identified risk factors for mortality using multivariate analysis. Gray's test was adopted for survival analysis of “probability of death in hospital” according to food intake. Results We included 1074 patients from 56 wards, including the intensive care unit. The following characteristics were observed: average age, 57 years; average body mass index, 22.8 kg/m2; and sex ratio, 55.2% male. On survey day, 35.4% patients ate a whole meal, 56.4% ate half of the meal, 20.2% ate quarter of the meal, and 8.2% ate nothing. Patients who consumed nothing had a 7.2-times higher mortality risk (HR) than patients who consumed a whole meal (P = 0.001). The mortality risk increased by 2.9 (P = 0.056) and 2.6 times (P = 0.102) in patients who consumed 50% and 25% of the meal, respectively. Risk factors contributing to mortality risk included heart/circulation (HR 18.026, P = 0.005), cancer (HR 17.990, P < 0.001), decreased consumption than last week (HR 10.120, P = 0.027), weight loss within 3 months (HR 4.820, P = 0.010), walking inability (HR 4.245, P = 0.020), walking only with assistance (HR 3.358, P = 0.010), and myocardial infarction (HR 2.571, P = 0.022). Contrastingly, “nutrition support” resulted in a significantly reduced mortality risk (HR 0.332, P = 0.015). Conclusions Reduced food intake can affect mortality rates in hospitalized patients. Based on factors significantly impacting mortality, patient groups can be selected for intensive nutrition care. Funding Sources none. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Maternal Determinants of Childhood Stunting

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Sarin Ishaque ◽  
Junaid Ul Mulk ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Ashfaq Ahmad Shah
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Maternal Determinants ◽  
Childhood Stunting

The progress on reducing stunting is rather slow in Pakistan despite significant reductions in poverty which begs a question why Pakistan has been unable to make significant strides in improving nutrition indicators for children over the past few decades. Despite the recognized importance of the problem in national and international forums, research on determinants of child stunting in Pakistan is scarce, especially in the context of the role of mother's health, education, and empowerment in determining a child's nutrition status. Therefore, this chapter incorporates the mother's health, education, and empowerment-related factors in determining the factors that affect child stunting in Pakistan. Using simple OLS methodology on DHS (2012-13) dataset for Pakistan, the authors' results show that improvement in mother's health, women empowerment, and women's education are likely to reduce stunting. Moreover, better hygiene and better food intake also reduce stunting among children in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Explanatory Factors for Periprosthetic Infection in Total Knee Arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2315
Author(s):  
Alberto Delgado-González ◽  
Juan José Morales-Viaji ◽  
Guillermo Criado-Albillos ◽  
Adoración del Pilar Martín-Rodríguez ◽  
Josefa González-Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

There are many studies whose results reveal possible risk factors for developing an infection after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The objective of this study is to analyse the risk factors that depend on the hospital and, especially, if the patellar replacement influences the appearance of periprosthetic infection. A retrospective study was performed, where data from the electronic registry of patients of people over 18 and who had undergone TKA, between the years 2015 and 2018, were reviewed. Dependent variables on the patients and the health care system were collected. The possible associations between the factors and the appearance of infection after TKA were studied using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. A total of 907 primary knee arthroplasties were included in the study. Those patients who had their patella replaced had a significantly higher risk of developing an infection (OR 2.07; 95% confidence interval 1.01–6.31). Likewise, patients who underwent surgery by surgeons with more than 10 years of experience were more than twice as likely to become infected than those operated on by younger surgeons (OR 2.64; 95%CI 1.01–6.97). Male patients were also found to be three times more likely to be infected than women (OR 2.99; 95%CI 1.32–5.74). Those interventions that were longer had a higher risk of infection. The same happened with patients who stayed in the hospital for a longer period of time. The rest of the variables did not show statistically significant results. In this study, it was found that the replacement of the patella may be a factor of infection, but it should be corroborated with randomized clinical trials. Furthermore, patients who underwent longer surgeries or those with prolonged hospital stays should be closely monitored to detect infection as soon as possible and establish the most appropriate treatment.

Venous thrombosis in HIV infection

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R B S Laing ◽  
R P Brettle ◽  
C L S Leen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Related Factors

Previous reports indicate that venous thrombosis is an infrequent problem in patients with HIV infection. Despite this, various HIV-related factors have been proposed as potentially thrombogenic and an HIV-related hypercoagulability has been suggested. At the present time, there exists no consensus of opinion regarding prophylaxis against venous thrombosis for hospitalized patients with HIV. This article aims to provide an overview of venous thrombosis in HIV infection with particular reference to published and personal evidence for possible risk factors and their implications for prophylaxis.

High frequency of non-compliance with quality indicators during oral nutrition support in hospitalized patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 363-368
Author(s):  
Daiane Aparecida Nogueira ◽  
Lara Princia Ferreira ◽  
Renata Paniago Andrade de Lúcia ◽  
Geórgia das Graças Pena
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Oral Nutrition

scholarly journals SP10.1.1 Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of ARDS in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care with Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreekar Devarakonda ◽  
Sankara Narayanan ◽  
Paul Emerson Lingamdenne ◽  
Subramani Kandasamy ◽  
Pritish John Korula
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Apache Ii ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Apache Ii Score ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Abstract Aims Many patients were found to have SARS-CoV-2 infection on admission to our ICU for non-COVID-19 related illness. This may alter the expected course of their presenting condition, especially when they develop ARDS. Hence, we wanted to study the incidence, risk factors, and ARDS outcomes of these patients admitted to our ICU. Methods We reviewed all admissions (medical, surgical, and obstetric) to our ICU from May to October of 2020 and studied their age, gender, comorbidities, admission diagnosis, APACHE II score, and in-hospital course. ARDS was defined as PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mmHg (with PEEP or CPAP ≥ 5 cmH2O) in the absence of cardiac failure or fluid overload. Arterial Blood Gas, chest radiographs, and bedside echocardiography were used to diagnose ARDS. Results Of the 832 patients, 119 (14.3%) had SARS-CoV-2 infection. 41 of 119 (34.5%) patients developed ARDS. Among the comorbidities studied, only systemic hypertension (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.0-6.2) seemed to increase the ARDS odds. Patients with sepsis (OR 5.8; 95% CI 2.4-13.7) and APACHE II score ≥10 (OR 5; 95% CI 2.0-12.3) had higher odds of developing ARDS. These patients required invasive ventilation, vasopressors, steroids and had prolonged hospital stays. Age, gender, trauma, and recent surgery did not seem to increase the risk of ARDS. Conclusions Asymptomatic COVID-19 patients with systemic hypertension, sepsis, and APACHE II score ≥10 are at a higher risk of developing ARDS. However, further research is needed to predict the extent to which SARS-CoV-2 infection will influence the course and outcomes of their presenting illness.

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Secondary Bloodstream Infections: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinki J Bhatt ◽  
Stephanie Shiau ◽  
Luigi Brunetti ◽  
Yingda Xie ◽  
Kinjal Solanki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Prolonged Hospital ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic. Clinical characteristics regarding secondary infections in patients with COVID-19 have been reported, but detailed microbiology, risk factors, and outcomes of secondary bloodstream infections (sBSIs) in patients with severe COVID-19 have not been well described. Methods We performed a multicenter case-control study including all hospitalized patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19 and blood cultures drawn from 1 March 2020 to 7 May 2020 at 3 academic medical centers in New Jersey. Data collection included demographics, clinical and microbiologic variables, and patient outcomes. Risk factors and outcomes were compared between cases (sBSI) and controls (no sBSI). Results A total of 375 hospitalized patients were included. There were 128 sBSIs during the hospitalization. For the first set of positive blood cultures, 117 (91.4%) were bacterial and 7 (5.5%) were fungal. Those with sBSI were more likely to have altered mental status, lower mean percentage oxygen saturation on room air, have septic shock, and be admitted to the intensive care unit compared with controls. In-hospital mortality was higher in those with an sBSI versus controls (53.1% vs 32.8%, P = .0001). Conclusions We observed that hospitalized adult patients with severe COVID-19 and sBSI had a more severe initial presentation, prolonged hospital course, and worse clinical outcomes. To maintain antimicrobial stewardship principles, further prospective studies are necessary to better characterize risk factors and prediction modeling to better understand when to suspect and empirically treat for sBSIs in severe COVID-19.

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