Comparison of Aerobic Preservation by Venous Systemic Oxygen Persufflation or Oxygenated Machine Perfusion of Warm-Ischemia-Damaged Porcine Kidneys

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kalenski ◽  
Elina Mancina ◽  
Pascal Paschenda ◽  
Christian Beckers ◽  
Christian Bleilevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Warm Ischemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Machine Perfusion ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Urine Production ◽  
Systemic Oxygen

Background/Aim: The global shortage of donor organs for transplantation has necessitated the expansion of the organ pool through increased use of organs from less ideal donors. Venous systemic oxygen persufflation (VSOP) and oxygenated machine perfusion (OMP) have previously demonstrated beneficial results compared to cold storage (CS) in the preservation of warm-ischemia-damaged kidney grafts. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of VSOP and OMP for the preservation of warm-ischemia-damaged porcine kidneys using the recently introduced Ecosol preservation solution compared to CS using Ecosol or histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (HTK). Materials and Methods: Kidneys from German Landrace pigs (n = 5/group) were retrieved and washed out with either Ecosol or HTK after 45 min of clamping of the renal pedicle. As controls, kidneys without warm ischemia, cold stored for 24 h in HTK, were employed. Following 24 h of preservation by VSOP, OMP, CS-Ecosol, or CS-HTK, renal function and damage were assessed during 1 h using the isolated perfused porcine kidney model. Results: During reperfusion, urine production was significantly higher in the VSOP and OMP groups than in the CS-HTK group; however, only VSOP could demonstrate lower urine protein concentrations and fractional excretion of sodium, which did not differ from the non-warm-ischemia-damaged control group. VSOP, CS-Ecosol, and controls showed better maintenance of the acid-base balance than CS-HTK. Reduced lipid peroxidation, as reflected in postreperfusion tissue thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels, was observed in the VSOP group compared to the OMP group, and the VSOP and CS-Ecosol groups had concentrations similar to the controls. The ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione was higher in the VSOP, OMP, and CS-Ecosol groups than in the CS-HTK group and controls, with a higher ratio in the VSOP than in the OMP group. Conclusion: VSOP was associated with mitigation of oxidative stress in comparison to OMP and CS. Preservation of warm-ischemia-damaged porcine kidneys by VSOP was improved compared to OMP and CS, and was comparable to preservation of non-warm-ischemia-damaged cold-stored kidneys.

scholarly journals AMLEORATIVE ROLE OF ESCULETIN􀇧MEDIATED RENOPROTECTION AGAINST GENTAMICIN􀇧INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY AND POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF N􀇧METHYL􀇧D􀇧ASPARTATE RECEPTORS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Alka Bhatia ◽  
Rishmeen Chadha ◽  
Rishmeen Chadha ◽  
Upendra Kumar Jain ◽  
Upendra Kumar Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Objective: In this investigation, the amleorative role of esculetin (Esc) was investigated in gentamicin (Genta) nephrotoxicity in rats and the possible role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) in genta-induced nephrotoxicity.Methods: Genta (100 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 7 days) was administered to rats for the induction of nephrotoxicity, and subsequently, the extent of renal damage was measured by estimating creatinine clearance (CrCl), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, microprotienuria and fractional excretion of sodium, and potassium. In addition, renal superoxide anion generation (SAG), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), and reduced glutathione (GSH) level were used to evaluate renal oxidative parameters. Renal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was used to measure renal inflammation. D-serine, NMDA agonist was used in this study to evaluate the role of NMDA antagonist in genta-induced nephrotoxicity. Histopathological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining method.Results: Genta-treated rats exhibited remarkable changes in renal parameters like increase in BUN, uric acid, microprotein fractional excretion of sodium and potassium with decrease in CrCl and similarly biochemical parameters like increase in SAG, thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), MPO activity with decrease in GSH level. Treatment with Esc (5 and 10 mg/kg/day, i.p for 7 days), NMDAR antagonist attenuated the genta-induced nephrotoxicity but did not shown significant effect on combined use of genta and D-serine treated group. Histopathological examination of gentatreated rats. The coadministration of Esc + genta-protected kidney tissue from nephrotoxic effect of genta as illustrated by normalization of tubules but not with the combined use of Esc + genta + D-serine treated rats.Conclusion: Esc displayed protective effect in genta-induced nephrotoxicity but combined effect of Esc + genta + D-serine abolished the protective effect of Esc thus confirming that NMDAR may be involved in genta-induced nephrotoxicity.

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kurhalyuk ◽  
H. Tkachenko ◽  
K. Pałczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
Reactive Substance ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

scholarly journals Evaluation of theIn VitroandIn VivoAntioxidant Potentials ofSudarshanaPowder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerakoon Achchige Selvi Saroja Weerakoon ◽  
Pathirage Kamal Perera ◽  
Dulani Gunasekera ◽  
Thusharie Sugandhika Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Sudarshanapowder (SP) is one of the most effective Ayurveda powder preparations for paediatric febrile conditions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate thein vitroandin vivoantioxidant potentials of SP. Thein vitroantioxidant effects were evaluated using ABTS radical cation decolourization assay where the TROLOX equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was determined. Thein vivoantioxidant activity of SP was determined in Wistar rats using the Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) assay in serum. Thein vitroassay was referred to as the TROLOX equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. For thein vivoassay, animals were dosed for 21 consecutive days and blood was drawn to evaluate the MDA level. Thein vitroantioxidant activity of 0.5 μg of SP was equivalent to 14.45 μg of standard TROLOX. The percentage inhibition against the radical formation was50.93±0.53%. The SP showed a statistically significant (p<0.01) decrease in the serum level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance in the test rats when compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the SP possesses potent antioxidant activity which may be responsible for some of its reported bioactivities.

scholarly journals Assessment of Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 as an Indicator of Early Renal Insult in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 262-267
Author(s):  
Walaa Shahin ◽  
Ahmed Bader ◽  
Rawdah Ahmed ◽  
Mona Alattar ◽  
Mona Alfalaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Renal Ultrasound ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Kidney Injury Molecule 1

BACKGROUND: The risk of acute kidney injury in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is due to renal tubular affection by CFTR gene. AIM: Our study aimed at early detection of renal impairment in CF patients, to enable careful monitoring and adjustment of nephrotoxic medications. METHODS: Fifty patients with CF were enrolled in our study; they were age- and sex-matched to 40 healthy control children. All subjects were screened by urine analysis, measurements of kidney function tests, fractional excretion of sodium, β2-microglobulin (beta-2-M) excretion, and renal ultrasound examination. Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) was assayed using ELISA technique. RESULTS: Both urinary beta-2-M and KIM-1 concentrations were significantly higher in CF patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The duration of the disease was significantly positively correlated with the urinary beta-2-M and KIM-1 levels (r = 0.6 and 0.7, respectively; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that urinary KIM-1 can be considered as a sensitive early indicator of acute renal injury.

scholarly journals Acute hypoxia and endogenous renal endothelin.

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1920-1924
Author(s):  
A Nir ◽  
A L Clavell ◽  
D Heublein ◽  
L L Aarhus ◽  
J C Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderate Hypoxia ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
Hypoxic Group

Endothelin (ET) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide of endothelial cell origin. Recent studies have suggested a nonvascular paracrine and/or autocrine role for endothelin in the kidney. This study was designed to elucidate the renal ET response to acute moderate hypoxia, as reflected by urinary ET excretory rate and renal tissue ET immunoreactivity, and to correlate these responses to the hemodynamic and excretory changes during hypoxia. Experiments were conducted in two groups of anesthetized dogs: hypoxic group (10% O2 ventilation: PO2, 44 mm Hg; N = 7) and time control group (room air ventilation: PO2, 111 mm Hg; N = 6). After 60 min of hypoxia or room air ventilation, kidneys were harvested and stained immunohistochemically for ET. Acute moderate hypoxia was associated with significant increases in urinary ET excretion, urine flow, urinary sodium excretion, and fractional excretion of sodium (P < 0.05). There was no significant change in GFR, RBF, renal vascular resistance, or mean arterial pressure. Renal immunohistochemistry for ET revealed increased staining in the proximal and distal tubules in the hypoxic group as compared with controls. This study demonstrates that acute moderate hypoxia results in increased urinary ET excretion and renal tubular ET immunoreactivity, in association with diuresis and natriuresis, and suggests a nonvascular role of endogenously produced renal ET in the regulation of sodium homeostasis during hypoxia.

scholarly journals Hacia el esclarecimiento del rol del anión cloruro en la hipertensión arterial: su vínculo con el daño oxidativo en el riñón

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Nicolas M. Kouyoumdzian ◽  
Gabriel Kim ◽  
Gabriel D. Robbesaul ◽  
Paula D. Prince ◽  
Ana M. Puyó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Fractional Excretion ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Gpx Activity

Introduction: The role of the chloride anion on the deleterious effects of excessive consumption of salt (NaCl) and whether its effects are independent each other of the presence of sodium remains to date, unknown and unclear. Objective: To demonstrate that both a chloride overload and a sodium overload in the diet produce deleterious effects, by different mechanisms, on systolic blood pressure (SBP), renal function and markers of oxidative stress in the kidney. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8 / group) and fed with different diets for three weeks: C: control (standard diet), and diets: NaCl: hypersodic-hyperchloric; Na: hypersodic without chloride and Cl: hyperchloric without sodium. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and renal function were determined, and the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and the activity and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes were evaluated in renal cortex tissue. Results: SBP increased (*) in the two groups fed with chloride. The fractional excretion of sodium and chloride increased (*) in the NaCl and Na groups. increased (*) in the renal cortex with the three diets. No changes were observed in the activity and expression of SOD and CAT. GPx activity increased (*) in the two groups that received chloride; (* p <0.05 vs C). Conclusion: Both sodium and chloride overload are associated with a higher oxidative state characterized by an increase in lipid peroxidation in the renal cortex. However, compared with Na group, only chloride overload is associated with higher GPx activity and hypertension without any changes in urinary chloride excretion, suggesting a higher renal pro-oxidant state in this experimental group.

scholarly journals Cold Preflush of Porcine Kidney Grafts Prior to Normothermic Machine Perfusion Aggravates Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Fabry ◽  
Benedict M. Doorschodt ◽  
Tim Grzanna ◽  
Peter Boor ◽  
Aaron Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Warm Ischemia ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Machine Perfusion ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Fractional Excretion Of Sodium ◽  
Normothermic Machine Perfusion

Abstract Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) of kidney grafts is a promising new preservation method to improve graft quality and clinical outcome. Routinely, kidneys are washed out of blood remnants and cooled using organ preservation solutions prior to NMP. Here we assessed the effect of cold preflush compared to direct NMP. After 30 min of warm ischemia, porcine kidneys were either preflushed with cold histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution (PFNMP group) prior to NMP or directly subjected to NMP (DNMP group) using a blood/buffer solution. NMP was performed at a perfusion pressure of 75 mmHg for 6 h. Functional parameters were assessed as well as histopathological and biochemical analyses. Renal function as expressed by creatinine clearance, fractional excretion of sodium and total output of urine was inferior in PFNMP. Urine protein and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentrations as markers for kidney damage were significantly higher in the PFNMP group. Additionally, increased osmotic nephropathy was found after PFNMP. This study demonstrated that cold preflush prior to NMP aggravates ischemia reperfusion injury in comparison to direct NMP of warm ischemia-damaged kidney grafts. With increasing use of NMP systems for kidneys and other organs, further research into graft flushing during retrieval is warranted.

Nephrotoxicity in rats induced by chlorpryfos-ethyl and ameliorating effects of antioxidantsy

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Oncu ◽  
F Gultekin ◽  
E Karaöz ◽  
I Altuntas ◽  
N Delibas
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Chlorpyrifos Ethyl

Nephrotoxicity induced by chlorpyrifos-ethyl (CE) and ameliorating effects of melatonin and vitamin E plus vitamin C were evaluated in rats exposed to CE. Experimental groups were as follows: control (C), CE treated (CE), vitamin E plus vitamin C treated (Vit), melatonin treated (Mel), vitamin E plus vitamin C plus CE treated (Vit+CE), and melatonin plus CE treated (Mel+CE). The rats in the CE, Vit+CE and Mel+CE groups were administered orally with CE in two equal doses of 41 mg/kg body weight (0.25 LD50). Melatonin and vitamins E and C were administrated intramuscularly at the doses of 10, 150 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and antioxidant potential (AOP), and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were studied in the homogenates of kidney tissue. There were no significant differences in the activities of SOD and CAT between the experimental groups. The level of TBARS increased significantly (P<0.05) while AOP decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the CE group compared with the C group. GSH-Px activity was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the CE group and higher in the melatonin group than the control group. Histopathological changes were found in the kidney tissue of rats treated with CE. These were infiltration in mononuclear cells at perivascular and peritubular areas, hydropic degenerations in tubule epithelium and glomerular sclerosis. The severity of the lesions was reduced by administration of vitamins and melatonin. These results suggest that CE increases lipid peroxidation and decreases AOP by increasing oxidative stress, and that high doses of melatonin and a combination of vitamin E plus vitamin C considerably reduce the toxic effect of CE on kidney tissue of rats.

scholarly journals THE ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF MAHOGANY (Sweitenia mahagoni Jacq.) SEEDS IN THE LIVER TISSUES OF DIABETIC EXPERIMENTAL RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Prasetiawan ◽  
I Ketut Mudite Adnyane ◽  
Tutik Wresdiyati
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Oxidant Content ◽  
Liver Tissues

The aim of this research was to analyze the anti-oxidant activities of ethanol extract of mahogany seeds on the liver tissues of diabetic experimental rats to overcome oxidative stress condition. This study used male Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague Dawley which were divided into 5 groups: (i) negative control group (K-), (ii) positive control group/diabetes mellitus (DM) (K+), (iii) DM group treated with 500 mg/kg BW ethanol extract of mahogany seeds (EM), (iv) DM group treated with acarbose (KO), and (v) non-DM group treated with 500 mg/kg BW ethanol extract of mahogany seed (KE). Alloxan with dose of 110 mg/kg BW was used to induce diabetes in rats. The treatments were conducted for 28 days. At the end of treatment, the liver tissues were collected and analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) content using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method and anti-oxidant cooper zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) content using immunohistochemical technique. The result showed that level of MDA were significantly different (P<0.05) in K-; K+; EM; KO; and KE with values were 0.81±0.17; 1.19±0.26; 1.10±0.04; 0.95±0.13; and 0.92±0.0 µmol/gram, respectively. The anti-oxidant content (Cu, Zn-SOD) of rat liver tissue in K+ lower than in K-, while anti-oxidant content in EM and KE were higher compared to K+. The study concluded that ethanol mahogany seeds extract decreased blood glucose levels and increased the anti-oxidant status in the liver tissues of diabetic rats.

Quality and stability of meat obtained from broiler chickens fed diets containing tonic root (Mondia whitei) as supplement

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
K. A. Sanwo ◽  
A. V. Adegoke ◽  
O. Y. Ayo – Ajasa ◽  
A. O. Fagbohun ◽  
T. M. Adeyanju
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Inclusion Level

Tonic root has been speculated to improve Libido and this could have effect on performance and carcass traits of the animal. Afifty-six days experiment was conducted to determine meat quality of Abor acre Strain of broiler chickens fed graded dietary inclusion of supplemental white ginger (Mondia whitei). One hundred and eighty, one day-old broiler chicks were assigned to five treatment groups with three replicates per group. Birds on treatment one were fed concentrate with no supplements, those on treatment two had concentrate + 0.5g Mondia whitei per kg feed, treatment three had concentrate + 1g Mondia whitei per kg feed; Treatment 4 had concentrate with 1.5g Mondia whitei per kg feed and treatment five had concentrate + 2g Mondia whitei per kg feed. At the end of the eight weeks feeding trial, three birds each from each replicate of five treatment groups were randomly selected, deprived of food for 12 hours prior to slaughtering. After the traditional slaughtering method, feather plucking and evisceration were done and breast muscles were excised from the carcasses for quality parameters evaluation. The results showed significance (P< 0.05) in some measured parameters such as colour, yellowness (b*) and Lightness (L*). Highest (P<0.05) triglyceride content of meat (145.33 mg/dL) was recorded in the meat of birds fed inclusion level at 0.5g/kg and the lowest value (91.67mg/dL) in the meat of birds fed inclusion level of 1g/kg. Breast muscles had the highest (P<0.05) pH score 6.72 at 1g/kg inclusion level and least value of 6.51 was in the control group. Dietary inclusion of Mondia whitei showed no significant (P>0.05) effect on cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Although superoxide dismutase (SOD) and water absorptive power were not significantly (P>0.05) influenced, cooking and refrigeration loss as well as thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in meat were significantly (P<0.05) lowest in birds fed 1g/kg dietary inclusion level of Mondia whitei. Some phytochemicals and overall sensory acceptability were statistically influenced by the dietary treatments.

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