Extended Abstract: Management of Liver Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Robert Galle
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Western World ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Third ◽  
Liver Cancers

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC represents more than 90% of primary liver cancers. There is a growing incidence of HCC worldwide. In the Western world, HCC arises in a cirrhotic background in up to 90% of cases, and cirrhosis itself is a progressive disease that affects patient survival. Thus, outcome in patients with HCC and the chances for anti-tumor treatment and its results are dependent not only on tumor-associated factors but also on liver function.

Treating Hepatobiliary Cancers: The Oncology Way

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Robert Galle
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Western World ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Primary Liver Tumor ◽  
The Third ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
Global Increase

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC represents more than 90% of primary liver cancers. There is growing incidence of HCC worldwide. In the western world, HCC arises in a cirrhotic background in up to 90% of cases, and cirrhosis itself is a progressive disease that affects patient survival. Thus, outcome in patients with HCC and the chances for anti-tumor treatment and it is results are dependent not only on tumor-associated factors but also on the liver function. Cholangio carcinoma is the second most common primary liver tumor with an estimated incidence of 1:100,000. Cholangiocarcinoma can be sub-classified as intrahepatic (iCCA), perihilar or distal where iCCA arises within the liver parenchyma. Overall, the incidence of iCCA seems to be increasing globally. This may be attributed to a global increase of risk factors shared between HCC and iCCA, such as viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, obesity, NASH, and others.

Advances in delivery vectors for gene therapy in liver cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 833-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E Redd Bowman ◽  
Phong Lu ◽  
Erica R Vander Mause ◽  
Carol S Lim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gene Delivery Vectors ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Therapy Delivery

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer death globally, mainly due to lack of effective treatments – a problem that gene therapy is poised to solve. Successful gene therapy requires safe and efficient delivery vectors, and recent advances in both viral and nonviral vectors have made an important impact on HCC gene therapy delivery. This review explores how adenoviral, retroviral and adeno-associated viral vectors have been modified to increase safety and delivery capacity, highlighting studies and clinical trials using these vectors for HCC gene therapy. Nanoparticles, liposomes, exosomes and virosomes are also featured in their roles as HCC gene delivery vectors. Finally, new discoveries in gene editing technology and their impacts on HCC gene therapy are discussed.

Troxerutin subdues hepatic tumorigenesis via disrupting the MDM2–p53 interaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 5336-5349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Susan Thomas ◽  
Kiran George ◽  
Athavan Alias Anand Selvam
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Hepatic Tumorigenesis

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of mortality worldwide.

scholarly journals N1-methyladenosine methylation in tRNA drives liver tumourigenesis by regulating cholesterol metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanying Wang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Li ◽  
Xushen Xiong ◽  
Jianyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Advanced Hcc ◽  
Liver Cancers

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers and is characterized by high recurrence and heterogeneity, yet its mechanism is not well understood. Here we show that N1-methyladenosine methylation (m1A) in tRNA is remarkably elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient tumour tissues. Moreover, m1A methylation signals are increased in liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) and are negatively correlated with HCC patient survival. TRMT6 and TRMT61A, forming m1A methyltransferase complex, are highly expressed in advanced HCC tumours and are negatively correlated with HCC survival. TRMT6/TRMT61A-mediated m1A methylation is required for liver tumourigenesis. Mechanistically, TRMT6/TRMT61A elevates the m1A methylation in a subset of tRNA to increase PPARδ translation, which in turn triggers cholesterol synthesis to activate Hedgehog signaling, eventually driving self-renewal of liver CSCs and tumourigenesis. Finally, we identify a potent inhibitor against TRMT6/TRMT61A complex that exerts effective therapeutic effect on liver cancer.

scholarly journals Abdominal Ultrasound and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Kazushi Numata
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Cancer

Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer death, based on Global Cancer Statistics 2020 [...]

Mechanisms of liver damage in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (19) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
T. V. Pinchuk ◽  
N. V. Orlova ◽  
T. G. Suranova ◽  
T. I. Bonkalo
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

At the end of 2019, a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was discovered in China, causing the coronavirus infection COVID-19. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a major challenge to health systems around the world. There is still little information on how infection affects liver function and the significance of pre-existing liver disease as a risk factor for infection and severe COVID-19. In addition, some drugs used to treat the new coronavirus infection are hepatotoxic. In this article, we analyze data on the impact of COVID-19 on liver function, as well as on the course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma, or those on immunosuppressive therapy after liver transplantation.

Features of the course and treatment of glaucoma during pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-184
Author(s):  
T. V. Chernyakova ◽  
A. Yu. Brezhnev ◽  
I. R. Gazizova ◽  
A. V. Kuroyedov ◽  
A. V. Seleznev
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Laser Treatment ◽  
Progressive Disease ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
The Other ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease ◽  
Hypotensive Therapy ◽  
Eye Pressure

In the review we have integrated all up-to-date knowledge concerning clinical course and treatment of glaucoma among pregnant women to help specialists choose a proper policy of treatment for such a complicated group of patients. Glaucoma is a chronic progressive disease. It rarely occurs among childbearing aged women. Nevertheless the probability to manage pregnant patients having glaucoma has been recently increasing. The situation is complicated by the fact that there are no recommendations on how to treat glaucoma among pregnant women. As we know, eye pressure is progressively going down from the first to the third trimester, so we often have to correct hypotensive therapy. Besides, it is necessary to take into account the effect of applied medicines on mother health and evaluate possible teratogenic complications for a fetus. The only medicine against glaucoma which belongs to category B according to FDA classification is brimonidine. Medicines of the other groups should be prescribed with care. Laser treatment or surgery may also be a relevant decision when monitoring patients who are planning pregnancy or just bearing a child. Such treatment should be also accompanied by medicines.

scholarly journals NF-κB, JNK, and TLR Signaling Pathways in Hepatocarcinogenesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Tumor Promotion ◽  
Neoplastic Cell ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Tlr Signaling ◽  
The Third

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third largest cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The role of molecular changes in HCC have been used to identify prognostic markers and chemopreventive or therapeutic targets. It seems that toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as the nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and JNK pathways are critical regulators for the production of the cytokines associated with tumor promotion. The cross-talk between an inflammatory cell and a neoplastic cell, which is instigated by the activation of NF-κB and JNKs, is critical for tumor organization. JNKs also regulate cell proliferation and act as oncogenes, making them the main tumor-promoting protein kinases. TLRs play roles in cytokine and hepatomitogen expression mainly in myeloid cells and may promote liver tumorigenesis. A better understanding of these signaling pathways in the liver will help us understand the mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis and provide a new therapeutic target for HCC.

scholarly journals Platelet counts during pregnancy in Chinese women

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Xia Zhang ◽  
Ning Dong ◽  
Rui-Xia Yang ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Xuan-Mei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Women ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
The Third ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Thrombocytopenia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

AbstractObjectivesGestational thrombocytopenia (GT) is the most common cause of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. However, the occurrence and severity of thrombocytopenia throughout pregnancy in Chinese women are not fully defined.MethodsWe analyzed platelet counts in Chinese women who received prenatal care and/or delivered at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University between January 2, 2018 and July 19, 2018 in China. These platelet counts were compared with those of nonpregnant women in the same study period.ResultsThe platelet counts of all women continued to decrease significantly each trimester (p < 0.0001). The mean platelet counts of the 818 women who had pregnancy-related complications were lower than those of the 796 women who had uncomplicated pregnancies during the third trimester (p = 0.047). At the time of delivery, platelet counts less than 150 × 109/L were more common in women with pregnancy-related complications than in women with uncomplicated pregnancy (26.7% vs. 19.7%, p = 0.03).ConclusionsPlatelet counts decrease throughout pregnancy in Chinese women and platelet counts less than 150 × 109/L were more common in women with pregnancy-related complications than in women with uncomplicated pregnancy. The pregnant women should be paid more attention for thrombocytopenia to avoid the occurrence of bleeding events.

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