scholarly journals Acute Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis in an Immunocompetent Host as a Reason for Upper Right Abdominal Pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Oliver Jensen ◽  
Eliane Angst ◽  
Franc Heinrich Hetzer ◽  
Christian Gingert
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Immunocompetent Host ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infections ◽  
Acute Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Cytomegalovirus infections are widely distributed with a seroprevalence of up to 100%. The majority of the cases take a silent course or deal with unspecific clinical symptoms. Complications in immunocompetent patients are rare but may affect the liver and lead up to an acute organ failure. In this case report, we describe a 35-year-old immunocompetent female with an acute cytomegalovirus infection presenting as acute hepatitis with ongoing upper right abdominal pain after cholecystectomy. Upper right abdominal pain is a common symptom with a wide range of differential diagnoses. If common reasons can be excluded, we want to sensitize for cytomegalovirus infection as a minor differential diagnosis even in immunocompetent patients.

scholarly journals Acute Cytomegalovirus infection as a cause of venous thromboembolism

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e2014041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Lissandrin ◽  
Francesco Mojoli ◽  
Fausto Baldanti ◽  
Enrico Brunetti ◽  
Michela Pascarella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Hcmv Infection ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Endothelium Damage ◽  
Acute Cytomegalovirus

Acute Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection  is an unusual cause of venous thromboembolism, a potentially life-threatening condition. Thrombus formation can occur at the onset of the disease or later during recovery and may also occur in the absence of acute HCMV hepatitis. It is likely due to both vascular endothelium damage caused by HCMV and impairment of the clotting balance caused by the virus itself. Here we report on two immunocompetent women with splanchnic thrombosis that occurred during the course of acute HCMV infection. Although the prevalence of venous thrombosis in patients with acute HCMV infection is unknown, physicians should be aware of its occurrence, particularly in immune-competent patients presenting with fever and unexplained abdominal pain referred to the splanchnic region.

scholarly journals Fulminant Cytomegalovirus Myocarditis in an Immunocompetent Host: Resolution with Oral Valganciclovir

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh K. Padala ◽  
Anupam Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Padala
Keyword(s):  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Immunocompetent Host ◽  
Oral Valganciclovir ◽  
Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

We report a case of fulminant myocarditis after a primary cytomegalovirus infection, in a previously healthy 72-year-old woman. The infection underwent clinical and immunologic resolution consequent to treatment with oral valganciclovir. In an immunocompetent host, the primary cytomegalovirus infection is usually asymptomatic or manifests itself as a heterophile-negative mononucleosis-like syndrome. Cytomegalovirus myocarditis is uncommon in immunocompetent patients. After presenting our case, we review the literature on cytomegalovirus myocarditis in immunocompetent individuals.

scholarly journals Vascular Thrombosis and Acute Cytomegalovirus Infection in Immunocompetent Patients: Report of 2 Cases and Literature Review

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. e134-e139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Abgueguen ◽  
Valérie Delbos ◽  
Jean Marie Chennebault ◽  
Christopher Payan ◽  
Eric Pichard
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Vascular Thrombosis ◽  
Acute Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Giardia Lamblia Subtypes and Their Relationship with Clinical Symptoms in Patients with Giardiasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Soghra Viesy ◽  
Jahangir Abdi ◽  
Karimeh Haghani ◽  
Reza Valizadeh ◽  
A. Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
The People ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Stool Specimens

Giardia lamblia has proved to be the most common intestinal protozoan parasite in humans that causes giardiasis. Given the high mutations in the genome of this parasite, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Giardia lamblia subtypes and their relationship with clinical symptoms in patients who appear to have giardiasis. In 69 stool specimens with an appropriate number of giardia cysts, the DNA was first purified, and the genotype was then determined based on the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) gene sequence using PCR-RFLP. Data were collected on the clinical symptoms of the patients through a questionnaire, and their relationship with molecular results was studied. Four samples (5.8%) were found to be of subtype AI, 51 (73.9%) of subtype AII and 14 (20.3 %) of subtype BIII. No BIV subtype was found in the present study. A correlation was observed between Giardia lamblia genotypes (AI, AII and BIII) and abdominal pain. All of the people (100%) who had the AI genotype (i.e. the zoonosis subtype) had been losing weight. There was a significant correlation between weight loss and the AI subtype. All of the people (100%) infected with the BIII genotype experienced diarrhea, and this genotype was found to be associated with diarrhea. The present study found abdominal pain to be the most common symptom of giardiasis in Ilam province. Moreover, humans were found to be the main reservoir for giardia lamblia, although zoonosis subtypes such as AI and BIII still exist in the region and pose a risk for a giardiasis epidemic.

scholarly journals Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Challenging Diagnosis in Children with Abdominal Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (Suppl. 4) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Ruemmele
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Gluten Sensitivity ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Gi Symptoms

Several disorders related to the ingestion of gluten are well recognized despite overlapping clinical presentations: celiac disease, an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestions in susceptible individuals, allergy to wheat, and more recently non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). While celiac disease and wheat allergy are well-known disorders with a clear-cut diagnosis based on clinical tests and biological parameters, NCGS is a more difficult diagnosis, especially in children with functional gastrointestinal (GI) complaints. NCGS is considered a syndrome of intestinal but also extraintestinal symptoms occurring within hours, but sometimes even after several days of gluten ingestion. In children, the leading symptoms of NCGS are abdominal pain and diarrhea, while extraintestinal symptoms are rare, in contrast to adult patients. No precise diagnostic test nor specific biomarkers exist, except a rather cumbersome three-phase gluten-exposure, gluten-free diet, followed by a blinded placebo-controlled gluten challenge with crossover to provoke symptoms elicited by gluten in a reproducible manner that disappear on gluten-free alimentation. Recent data indicate that the peptide part of wheat proteins is not necessarily the sole trigger of clinical symptoms. Mono- or oligosaccharides, such as fructan and other constituents of wheat, were able to provoke GI symptoms in clinical trials. These new findings indicate that the term gluten sensitivity is probably too restrictive. The incidence of NCGS was reported in the range of 1–10% in the general population and to increase steadily; however, most data are based on patients’ self-reported gluten intolerance or avoidance without a medically confirmed diagnosis. Treatment consists of gluten avoidance for at least several weeks or months. Patients with NCGS require regular reassessment for gluten tolerance allowing with time the reintroduction of increasing amounts of gluten.

scholarly journals Nuclear Envelope Integrity in Health and Disease: Consequences on Genome Instability and Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7281
Author(s):  
Benoit R. Gauthier ◽  
Valentine Comaills
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Genome Instability ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Dna Release ◽  
Sting Pathway ◽  
Eukaryote Genome

The dynamic nature of the nuclear envelope (NE) is often underestimated. The NE protects, regulates, and organizes the eukaryote genome and adapts to epigenetic changes and to its environment. The NE morphology is characterized by a wide range of diversity and abnormality such as invagination and blebbing, and it is a diagnostic factor for pathologies such as cancer. Recently, the micronuclei, a small nucleus that contains a full chromosome or a fragment thereof, has gained much attention. The NE of micronuclei is prone to collapse, leading to DNA release into the cytoplasm with consequences ranging from the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, an innate immune response, to the creation of chromosomal instability. The discovery of those mechanisms has revolutionized the understanding of some inflammation-related diseases and the origin of complex chromosomal rearrangements, as observed during the initiation of tumorigenesis. Herein, we will highlight the complexity of the NE biology and discuss the clinical symptoms observed in NE-related diseases. The interplay between innate immunity, genomic instability, and nuclear envelope leakage could be a major focus in future years to explain a wide range of diseases and could lead to new classes of therapeutics.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3554
Author(s):  
Kai Wei Lee ◽  
Sook Fan Yap ◽  
Yun Fong Ngeow ◽  
Munn Sann Lye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

COVID-19 is a global health emergency. People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) have concerns about whether they have a higher risk of getting the infection and suffer worse COVID-19 outcomes. Findings from studies on these questions have largely been inconsistent. We aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, blood parameters, and clinical outcomes among PLHIV who contracted COVID-19. Relevant studies were identified through Medline, Cinahl, and PubMed databases. A random-effects model was used in meta-analyses with a 95% confidence interval. Eighty-two studies were included in the systematic review and sixty-seven studies for the meta-analysis. The pooled incidence proportion of COVID-19 among PLHIV was 0.9% (95% CI 0.6%, 1.1%) based on the data from seven cohort studies. Overall, 28.4% were hospitalised, of whom, 2.5% was severe-critical cases and 3.5% needed intensive care. The overall mortality rate was 5.3%. Hypertension was the most commonly reported comorbidity (24.0%). Fever (71.1%) was the most common symptom. Chest imaging demonstrated a wide range of abnormal findings encompassing common changes such as ground glass opacities and consolidation as well as a spectrum of less common abnormalities. Laboratory testing of inflammation markers showed that C-reactive protein, ferritin, and interleukin-6 were frequently elevated, albeit to different extents. Clinical features as well as the results of chest imaging and laboratory testing were similar in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated and non-treated patients. PLHIV were not found to be at higher risk for adverse outcomes of COVID-19. Hence, in COVID-19 management, it appears that they can be treated the same way as HIV negative individuals. Nevertheless, as the pandemic situation is rapidly evolving, more evidence may be needed to arrive at definitive recommendations.

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