scholarly journals A Comparative in Vitro Study of Power Output Deterioration over Time Between Ho:YAG Laser Fibers from Different Manufacturers as a Function of Deflection and Power Input

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Andreas Bourdoumis ◽  
Panagiotis Christopoulos ◽  
Nirmal Raj ◽  
Artemis Fedder ◽  
Noor Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Fiber Fracture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Continuous Use

Objectives: To investigate the performance of laser fibers from 6 major manufacturers in vitro and to identify the effect of time and angulations (180° and 0°) on fiber power output. Materials and Methods: Overall, 36 single-use fibers were used. Each was tested with an energy input of 0.8, 1.4 and 2.0 Joules. A power detector measured power output after 1, 5, 10 and 15 minutes for three 15-minute cycles of continuous use. For the first 2 cycles, the fiber was bent to 180° with the use of a pre fabricated mould. Analysis of the data was performed by ANOVA and Tukey's test when the results were significant amongst groups. Statistical significance was deemed p < 0.05. Results: No fiber fracture occurred. There was no significant difference in output at 15 minutes of continuous use at 0° and 180°. The reduction in energy output at the 15th minute of continuous use at 180° was not significant for any fiber type or initial input. Only output differences between the fibers proved to be significant (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Fiber fracture and decline in performance is not due to deflection and continuous use. Frictional forces that occur between the fiber tip and the stone fragments may be responsible.

scholarly journals INFLUÊNCIA DA MODIFICAÇÃO DA BASE DE COLAGEM E DA CONTAMINAÇÃO SALIVAR NA RESISTÊNCIA DE UNIÃO DE TUBOS ORTODÔNTICOS COLADOS AO ESMALTE HUMANO

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. eUJ3657
Author(s):  
Germano Brandão ◽  
◽  
Liliana Ávila Maltagliati ◽  
Ana Carla Raphaelli Nahás-Scocate ◽  
Murilo Matias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Metal Mesh ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

The objective of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the shear bond strength of conventional and modified orthodontic tubes bonded to the surface of dry and saliva-contaminated enamel. The sample consisted of 40 human teeth, which were randomly divided into four groups according to attachment base and presence or absence of saliva contamination as follows: Group CB, conventional orthodontic tubes without salivary contamination; Group CB-S, conventional orthodontic tubes with salivary contamination; Groups BM, orthodontic tubes modified by welding a metal mesh to their base without salivary contamination; and Group BM-S, modified orthodontic tubes with salivary contamination. Shear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine and analysis of the adhesive remnant index (ARI) by optical microscopy. Two-way ANOVA was used, followed by Tukey’s test at a statistical significance level of 5%. The ARI results were analysed descriptively. There was statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the shear bond strength values, with conventional tubes presenting significantly higher values (P < 0.05). In addition, the presence of salivary contamination interfered negatively with the behaviour of conventional tubes only (P < 0.05). Shear bond strength was not improved by increasing the area of the orthodontic tubes. Moreover, salivary contamination influenced negatively the SBS values, but only when conventional tubes were used.

scholarly journals Apical Extrusion of Intracanal Debris Using Two Engine Driven and Step-Back Instrumentation Techniques: An In-Vitro Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Kustarci ◽  
Neslihan Akdemir ◽  
Seyda Herguner Siso ◽  
Demet Altunbas
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Type Stainless Steel ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to compare in-vitro the amount of debris extruded apically from extracted teeth, using K3, Protaper rotary instruments and manual step-back technique.Methods: Forty five human single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups. The teeth in 3 groups were instrumented until reaching the working length with K3, Protaper rotary instruments and K-type stainless steel instruments with manual step-back technique, respectively. Debris extruded from the apical foramen was collected into centrifuge tubes and the amount was determined. The data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney U tests, with P=.05 as the level for statistical significance.Results: Statistically significant difference was observed between K3, Protaper and step-back groups in terms of debris extrusion (P<.05). Step-back group had the highest mean debris weight, which was significantly different from the K3 and Protaper groups (P<.05). The lowest mean debris weight was related to K3 group, which was significantly different from the Protaper group (P<.05).Conclusions: Based on the results, all instrumentation techniques produced debris extrusion. The engine-driven Ni-Ti systems extruded significantly less apical debris than step-back technique. However, Protaper rotary instruments extruded significantly more debris than K3 rotary instruments. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:233-239)

scholarly journals Comparison of Sealing Efficiency of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Biodentine used in Perforation Repair in Acidic and Neutral Environments- An In-vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Güney Mustafa Yüzer ◽  
Sadullah Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acid Environment ◽  
Materials Used

Introduction: Furcation perforation is one of the complications that occur during endodontic treatment due to anatomical differences or iatrogenic causes. Repairing the perforation with a biocompatible material eliminates the connection with the gingival sulcus and positively affects the prognosis. The sealing ability of the repair materials is very important and is affected by the conditions of the environment in which they are applied. Aim: To compare the sealing efficiency of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fosses, France) materials used in the repair of furcation perforations in acidic and neutral environments. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro experimental study was carried out in the Department of Endodontics at Dicle University Faculty of Dentistry, Diyarbakır, Türkiye and Dicle University Science and Technology Application and Research Center from 10th June 2020 to 22nd July 2020. A total of 96 mandibular molars were used in the study. The specimens were randomly divided into two equal groups (n=48). When the perforations were repaired with MTA and Biodentine materials, each group was divided into four subgroups (n=12). These subgroups were kept in Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) and Acetic Acid (AA) solutions for different periods of time from 4 or 34 days, and all groups were immersed in methylene blue solution. The dye penetration level of the divided sections was examined under a stereomicroscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Microleakage data of all groups were statistically analysed using Kolmogorov Smirnov, Shapiro Wilk’s and Mann-Whitney U Test. Statistical significance was set at 0.05, it was stated that there was a significant difference when p-value <0.05. Results: The short-term (4 days) microleakage level of biodentine material in the AA environment was significantly lower than that of MTA material (p-value=0.005). There was no statistically significant difference between the materials in terms of long-term (34 days) microleakage levels in the AA environment (p-value >0.05). The long-term microleakage level in PBS environment of biodentine material was significantly lower than that of the AA environment (p-value=0.008). Conclusion: Lower microleakage levels were observed in the neutral environment than the acid environment with both MTA and biodentine during both holding periods.

scholarly journals Comparison of cytotoxicity of various concentrations origanum extract solution with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evren Ok ◽  
Necdet Adanir ◽  
Sema Hakki
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Extract Solution ◽  
Root Canal Irrigation ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the cytotoxicity of 0.5–4.5 origanum extract solution (OES), 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with WST-1 test on human periodontal ligament (hPDL) fibroblasts. Materials and Methods: About 0.5–4.5% OES, 2% CHX and 5.25% NaOCl solutions cytotoxicity was evaluated with cell culture test using PDL fibroblasts. Viability of hPDL cells was evaluated with WST-1 (Cell Proliferation Reagent WST-1 Roche) test at 1, 24 and 72nd h. hPDL cells were plated at 20 × 103 cells per well in 96-well plates. Absorbance values were read in optical density 480 nm by ELISA plate reader spectrophotometer. The statistical differences between various groups were evaluated using one-way ANOVA, post-hoc Duncan's Multiple Range test using SAS software. Statistically, a significant difference was considered at P < 0.001. Results: According to the 1-h cytotoxicity results, 0.5% OES showed the least cytotoxic effect in test groups. There were not found any statistical significance between 1% OES and 2% CHX. About 5.25% NaOCl showed more cytotoxic effect than 1% OES and 2% CHX. In 24 and 72 h, different concentrations of OES, 5.25% NaOCl, 2% CHX solutions showed similar cytotoxic effect. Conclusions: Based on these results, 1% OES and 2% CHX showed similar results and less cytotoxic effect than 5.25% NaOCl. It could be considered as a favorable solution concentration when OES was used as root canal irrigation solution.

scholarly journals Apical extrusion of bacteria following the use of reciprocating single-file and rotary multi-file instrumentation systems in oval root canals

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 8p
Author(s):  
Safa Kurnaz ◽  
Irem Bag ◽  
Aysel Gulbandilar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Single File ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Apical Extrusion ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: All instrumentation techniques and instruments are associated with apical extrusion during chemomechanical preparation, and this causes postoperative pain and flare-up. However, it is controversial whether reciprocal systems or rotary systems cause more apical extrusion. The objective of this in vitro study was to determine the differences in the amounts of apically extruded bacteria (AEB) associated with nickel-titanium rotary and reciprocating systems when used in oval-shaped root canals. Material and Methods: Seventy human mandibular premolar teeth with oval-shaped canals were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (15 teeth in each group) and one control group (10 teeth). The root canals were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis and instrumented using two full-sequence rotary instruments (ProTaper Universal [PTU] and ProTaper Next [PTN]) and two reciprocating single-file instruments (Reciproc [R] and WaveOne [WO]). A 0.9% NaCl solution was used as an irrigant, and the bacterial extrusion was quantified as the number of colony-forming units for each sample. The results were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and the Mann-Whitney U test, and the statistical significance level was set at p <0.05. Results: The R system was associated with the highest amount of bacterial extrusion (p <0.05). The PTU system caused more bacterial extrusion than the PTN and WO systems (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the PTN and WO systems (p >0.05). Conclusions: All instrumentation techniques caused apical bacterial extrusion. The instrument design and preparation techniques affect the number of extruded bacteria.KEYWORDS Apical extrusion; Bacteria; Endodontics; Root canal preparation.

Comparative Study to Evaluate the Surface Detail Reproduction of Dental Stone after Immersion in Various Different Disinfectant Solutions, Under Stereomicroscope 10 X Magnification –An In-Vitro Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rathika Rai ◽  
M. A. Easwaran ◽  
K. T. Dhivya
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Irregularities ◽  
Disinfectant Solution ◽  
Surface Detail ◽  
Group B

Aim: To evaluate the surface detail reproduction of dental stone this is immersed in different disinfectant solution and studied under stereomicroscope. Methodology: Total number of 30 specimens of dental stone (Type III) were made with measurements of 1.5cm diameter and 1cm height .This samples are divided in to 3 groups group A,B,C. were A is immersed in Distilled water which was taken as control group ;B is immersed in 2% Glutaraldehyde and C is immersed in 5%sodium hypochlorite. Each specimen were immersed in the disinfectant solution for 15 minutes and dried under room temperature for 24 hrs. After 24 hrs each specimens are studied under stereomicroscope for surface details. Result: The results showed no significant difference in the surface irregularities and porosities for a group 1 and group 2 except group 3 which showed significant increase in the porosities, surface irregularities and erosions after disinfection with 5% NaHOCl by immersion method. Conclusion: The surface detail reproduction capacity of die stone was adversely affected when 5% Sodium hypochlorite was used as disinfectant solution when compare d to control group and 2% Glutaraldehyde

scholarly journals Introducing intrauterine antibiotic infusion as a novel approach in effectively treating chronic endometritis and restoring reproductive dynamics: a randomized pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Pantos ◽  
Mara Simopoulou ◽  
Evangelos Maziotis ◽  
Anna Rapani ◽  
Sokratis Grigoriadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibiotic Infusion

AbstractThe chronic nature of Chronic Endometritis (CE) along with the challenging management and infertility entailed, call for cutting-edge therapeutic approaches. This study introduces the novel treatment of intrauterine antibiotic infusion (IAI) combined with oral antibiotic administration (OAA), and it assesses respective performance against the gold standard treatment of OAA. Data sourced herein reports on treatment efficiency and fertility restoration for both patients aiming to conceive naturally or via In Vitro fertilization. Eighty CE patients, 40 presenting with recurrent implantation failure, and 40 with recurrent pregnancy loss, were enrolled in the IVF and the natural conception arm respectively. Treatment was subjected to randomization. Effectively treated patients proceeded with either a single IVF cycle or were invited to conceive naturally over a 6-month period. Combination of IAI and OAA provided a statistically significant enhanced effectiveness treatment rate (RR 1.40; 95%CI 1.07–1.82; p = 0.01). No statistically significant difference was observed regarding the side-effects rate (RR 1.33; 95%CI 0.80–2.22; p = 0.52). No statistically significant difference was observed for either arm regarding live-birth rate. Following an intention-to-treat analysis, employment of IAI corresponds to improved clinical pregnancy rate-albeit not reaching statistical significance. In conclusion, complimentary implementation of IAI could provide a statistically significant enhanced clinical treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Marginal and Internal Fit of Ceramic Prostheses Fabricated from Different Chairside CAD/CAM Systems: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Keunbada Son ◽  
Kyu-Bok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Marginal Gap ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Internal Fit ◽  
Cam Systems

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate marginal and internal fits of ceramic crowns fabricated with chairside computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems. An experimental model based on ISO 12836:2015 was digitally scanned with different intraoral scanners (Omnicam (CEREC), EZIS PO (DDS), and CS3500 (Carestream)). Ceramic crowns were fabricated using the CAD/CAM process recommended by each system (CEREC, EZIS, and Carestream systems; N = 15). The 3-dimensional (3D) marginal and internal fit of each ceramic crown was measured using a 3D inspection software (Geomagic control X). Differences among the systems and various measurements were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Statistically significant differences were validated using pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). Occlusal gaps in the CEREC, EZIS, and Carestream groups were 113.0, 161.3, and 438.2 µm, respectively (p < 0.001). The axial gaps were 83.4, 78.0, and 107.9 µm, respectively. The marginal gaps were 77.8, 99.3, and 60.6 µm, respectively, and the whole gaps were 85.9, 107.3, and 214.0 µm, respectively. Significant differences were observed with the EZIS system compared with the other two systems in terms of the marginal gap sizes. The CEREC system showed no significant differences among the four measured regions. However, the EZIS and Carestream systems did show a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). All three systems were judged to be capable of fabricating clinically acceptable prostheses, because the marginal gap, which is the most important factor in the marginal fit of prostheses, was recorded to be below 100 µm in all three systems.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Cerumenolytic Activities of New and Currently Used Agents

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132098606
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quynh Anh ◽  
Pawin Numthavaj ◽  
Thongchai Bhongmakapat
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
All Solutions

Objectives: This study compared the cerumen dissolution activities of 7.5% sodium bicarbonate, 5% potassium hydroxide, 10% lactic acid, 3% salicylic acid, 10% glycolic acid, and distilled water. Methods: An in vitro study was conducted with 36 cerumen samples. The cerumenolytic activities of the 6 agents were assessed by recording the degree of cerumen disintegration using digital photography at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 12 hours. The undissolved cerumen that remained after 12 hours was removed from the solutions and weighed after drying. Results: Potassium hydroxide showed the fastest cerumenolytic activity, dissolving a moderate amount of cerumen at 30 minutes, while glycolic acid and salicylic acid caused no visible changes in the cerumen samples. Samples treated with potassium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate exhibited higher degrees of disintegration compared to samples treated with distilled water (odds ratio and 95% CI: 273.237 [0.203-367 470.4] and 1.129 [0.002-850.341], respectively). The greatest reduction in cerumen weight was associated with the use of sodium bicarbonate; however, this result did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Among the solutions tested, 5% potassium hydroxide showed the fastest dissolution activity, yielding moderate disintegration within only 30 minutes. In terms of residual cerumen weight within 12 hours, all solutions exhibited equivalent effectiveness in the disintegration of cerumen.

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