Human Mononuclear Leukocyte Chemotaxis: Definition of Two Chemotactic Factors and a Previously Unrecognized Immune Dysfunction

2015 ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Snyderman ◽  
L. C. Altman ◽  
S. E. Mergenhagen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Chemotactic Factors ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
Definition Of

Chronic Fatigue Immune Dysfunction Syndrome: An Epidemic?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-804
Author(s):  
MUDR ALEŠ KMINEK ◽  
MUDR IVO SIMUNEK
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mild Fever

To the Editor.— We read with great interest the article "Chronic Fatigue in Adolescents" by Smith et al in the August 1991 issue.1 We appreciate the statement by the authors that "the CDC-recommended criteria for case definition of the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) were developed mainly from adult populations and may not be appropriate for children and adolescents." We have studied children suffering from unexplained fatigue, mild fever, nonexudative pharyngitis, lymphadenopathia, etc, since 1987, ie, prior to publication of CDC-recommended criteria of CFS.2

Definition Of Endometrial Immune Dysfunction In Recurrentpregnancy Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Nigora Abdugaffarovna Mamasalieva ◽  
◽  
Shoxista Abdugapparovna Mamasolieva ◽  
Maftuna Daughteraziz Abdullaeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Immune Dysregulation ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Immunological Disorders ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Definition Of

Recurrent miscarriage (RMP) is an unsolved problem in modern gynecology and obstetrics. A growing body of experimental research suggests that endometrial immune dysregulation may be responsible for many, if not all, cases of PNL of unknown etiology. This article discusses the main immunological disorders that occur in PNL.

scholarly journals Defective mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome of humans, mink, and cattle

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
JI Gallin ◽  
JA Klimerman ◽  
GA Padgett ◽  
SM Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Boyden Chamber ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
Filter Assay ◽  
Chediak Higashi Syndrome ◽  
Micropore Filter

Abstract Chemotaxis of mononuclear leukocytes from humans, mink, and cattle was evaluated in vitro using a morphologic Boyden chamber technique and a new 51-Cr-labeled mononuclear radioassay with a double micropore filter system. Significantly decreased mononuclear leukocyte chemotactic response were noted when human, mink, or cattle Chediak-Higashi cells were tested using autologous serum or endotoxin-activated autolotous serum. A similar Chediak-Higashi mononuclear leukocyte defect was noted in humans when kallikrein or dialyzable transfer factor were used as the chemotactic stimulus. Studies using smaller pore filters in the chemotactic chamber exaggerated the chemotactic defect. Serum from Chediak-Higashi subjects had normal chemotactic activity. Additional studies on the spontaneous (random) locomotion of Chediak-Higashi mononuclear leukocytes revealed normal results when a capillary tube assay system was used, but abnormal results were obtained when a Boyden chamber micropore filter assay was used, demonstrating fundamental differences in these two assays of random locomotion. It is clear from these studies that defective mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis is another feature of the imparied host defenses in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome that may contribute to the marked susceptibility to pyogenic infections so characteristic of this dease.

scholarly journals Granulocyte Chemotaxis in the Chediak-Higashi Syndrome of Mink

Blood ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Clark ◽  
Harry A. Kimball ◽  
George A. Padgett
Keyword(s):  
Chemotactic Response ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Site ◽  
Chemotactic Factors ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
Chediak Higashi Syndrome ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Abstract Studies of granulocyte chemotaxis were performed in mink with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome. In vivo migration of leukocytes to an inflammatory site was reduced in the affected animals. In vitro studies documented a consistent early impairment in the chemotactic response of Chediak-Higashi mink granulocytes. Serum from Chediak-Higashi mink generated normal amounts of chemotactic factors. The cellular defect in leukocyte chemotaxis in mink is comparable to that observed in humans with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome and may contribute to the increased susceptibility to infection in this disease.

scholarly journals Sensory adaptation of leukocytes to chemotactic peptides.

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Zigmond ◽  
S J Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Dose Range ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Chemotactic Factor ◽  
Peptide Concentration ◽  
Transient Nature ◽  
Chemotactic Peptides ◽  
Round Form ◽  
Chemotactic Factors ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
And Behavior

The morphology and behavior of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were studied after rapid changes in the concentration of a chemotactic factor N-formylnorleucylleucylphenylalanine (f-NorleuLeuPhe) (Schiffmann et al., 1975, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 72:1059--1062). After an increase in peptide concentration, the cells round, form lamellipodia or ruffles over most of their surface, and stop locomotion. These changes are transient. After a delay, the cells, still in the presence of peptide, withdraw most of the ruffles and resume locomotion, forming ruffles only at their front. Cells repeat the transient generalized ruffling upon further increase in peptide concentration. The behavioral changes occur over the same dose range as binding to a saturable receptor. The duration of the transient response after a concentration increase is roughly proportional to the increase in the number of cell receptors occupied as a result of the concentration change. Decreasing the concentration of peptide causes the cells to round transiently and form blebs before they recommence locomotion. The transient nature of these aspects of the cell's responsiveness to chemotactic factors appears to be due to adaptation by the cells. The ability to adapt to the concentration of a chemotactic factor may be important in leukocyte chemotaxis.

scholarly journals Defective mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome of humans, mink, and cattle

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
JI Gallin ◽  
JA Klimerman ◽  
GA Padgett ◽  
SM Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Autologous Serum ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Boyden Chamber ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
Filter Assay ◽  
Chediak Higashi Syndrome ◽  
Micropore Filter

Chemotaxis of mononuclear leukocytes from humans, mink, and cattle was evaluated in vitro using a morphologic Boyden chamber technique and a new 51-Cr-labeled mononuclear radioassay with a double micropore filter system. Significantly decreased mononuclear leukocyte chemotactic response were noted when human, mink, or cattle Chediak-Higashi cells were tested using autologous serum or endotoxin-activated autolotous serum. A similar Chediak-Higashi mononuclear leukocyte defect was noted in humans when kallikrein or dialyzable transfer factor were used as the chemotactic stimulus. Studies using smaller pore filters in the chemotactic chamber exaggerated the chemotactic defect. Serum from Chediak-Higashi subjects had normal chemotactic activity. Additional studies on the spontaneous (random) locomotion of Chediak-Higashi mononuclear leukocytes revealed normal results when a capillary tube assay system was used, but abnormal results were obtained when a Boyden chamber micropore filter assay was used, demonstrating fundamental differences in these two assays of random locomotion. It is clear from these studies that defective mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis is another feature of the imparied host defenses in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome that may contribute to the marked susceptibility to pyogenic infections so characteristic of this dease.

scholarly journals Cell polarity: an examination of its behavioral expression and its consequences for polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis.

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Zigmond ◽  
H I Levitsky ◽  
B J Kreel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Polarity ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Behavioral Expression ◽  
Morphological Polarity ◽  
Chemotactic Factors ◽  
Leukocyte Chemotaxis ◽  
Chemotactic Ability ◽  
Chemotactic Gradient

Locomoting polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) exhibit a morphological polarity. We demonstrate that they also exhibit a behavioral polarity in their responsiveness to chemotactic factor stimulation. This is demonstrated by (a) the pattern of their locomotion in a homogeneous concentration of chemotactic factors, (b) their responses to increases in the homogeneous concentration of chemotactic factors, and (c) their responses to changes in the direction of a chemotactic gradient. The behavioral polarity is not a function of the rate of locomotion of the particular stimulant used to orient the cells, but may reflect an asymmetric distribution of chemotactic receptors or the motile machinery. The polar behavior affects the chemotactic ability of PMNs. The data are discussed in relation to possible mechanisms of sensing a chemotactic gradient.

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