Obtaining Low Molecular Weight Polyvinyl Alcohol and Studying its Therapeutic Properties

2015 ◽  
pp. 766-769
Author(s):  
Z. A. Chaplygina ◽  
N. V. Meya ◽  
L. G. Mikhaylova ◽  
A. J. Sorokin ◽  
L. A. Sedova
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

scholarly journals CD80 Expression Correlates with IL-6 Production in THP-1-Like Macrophages Costimulated with LPS and Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract (Transferon®)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis P. Jiménez-Uribe ◽  
Hugo Valencia-Martínez ◽  
Gregorio Carballo-Uicab ◽  
Luis Vallejo-Castillo ◽  
Emilio Medina-Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Activated Macrophages ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
And Function ◽  
Complex Drug ◽  
Stimulation Of

Transferon® is a complex drug based on a mixture of low molecular weight peptides. This biotherapeutic is employed as a coadjuvant in clinical trials of several diseases, including viral infections and allergies. Given that macrophages play key roles in pathogen recognition, phagocytosis, processing, and antigen presentation, we evaluated the effect of Transferon® on phenotype and function of macrophage-like cells derived from THP-1 monocytes. We determined the surface expression of CD80 and CD86 by flow cytometry and IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels by ELISA. Transferon® alone did not alter the steady state of PMA-differentiated macrophage-like THP-1 cells. On the contrary, simultaneous stimulation of cells with Transferon® and LPS elicited a significant increase in CD80 (P≤0.001) and CD86 (P≤0.001) expression, as well as in IL-6 production (P≤0.05) compared to the LPS control. CD80 expression and IL-6 production exhibited a positive correlation (r=0.6, P≤0.05) in cells exposed to Transferon® and LPS. Our results suggest that the administration of Transferon® induces the expression of costimulatory molecules and the secretion of cytokines in LPS-activated macrophages. Further studies are necessary to determine the implication of these findings in the therapeutic properties of Transferon®.

Expedient floating process for ultra-thin InGaZnO thin-film-transistors and their high bending performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (68) ◽  
pp. 63418-63424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Jun Kang ◽  
Cheol Hyoun Ahn ◽  
Myeong Gu Yun ◽  
Sung Woon Cho ◽  
Ye Kyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Gate Oxide ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Bending Performance ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Oxide Tfts

Polyvinyl alcohol with low molecular weight exhibited good surface morphology and quick floating time for the fabrication of the top-gate oxide TFTs.

Vaginal Absorption of Polyvinyl Alcohol in Fischer 344 Rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Sanders ◽  
H.B. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intravaginal Administration

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a polymer with a wide range of molecular weights and uses. Recently, low molecular weight formulations of PVA have been used as components of contraceptive products designed for intravaginal administration in human females. Previous studies in animals have determined that little or no absorption of PVA occurs from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. However, there is some concern that PVA of lower molecular weights might be absorbed across membranes of the reproductive tract. Consequently, this work has investigated the absorption of low molecular weight PVA across biological membranes of the reproductive and GI tracts of Fischer 344 rats. Oral administration of ten consecutive daily doses of 14C PVA resulted in little apparent absorption of the dose from the GI tract. In contrast, intravaginal administration of 14C PVA resulted in increasing concentrations of PVA-derived radioactivity in major tissues following one, three or ten daily doses of the estimated human dose of 3 mg/kg. PVA-derived radioactivity was concentrated mainly in the liver, reaching a peak greater than 1750 ng equivalents/g tissue 24 hours following ten daily doses. Over 300 ng equivalents/g tissue were still present in the liver 30 days following the last dose.

Physically crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin interpenetrating polymer network theta-gels for cartilage regeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (48) ◽  
pp. 9242-9249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianxin Miao ◽  
Emily Julia Miller ◽  
Canaan McKenzie ◽  
Rachael Ann Oldinski
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Weight Polymer ◽  
Physically Crosslinked

Theta-gels are hydrogels that form during the solidification and phase separation of two dislike polymers, in which a low molecular weight polymer behaves as a porogen and is removed through dialysis.

Preparation of Low Molecular Weight Polyvinyl alcohol)/Montmorillonite Composite Nanoparticles Using an Electrospraying Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Sung Min Park ◽  
Jae Hyeung Park ◽  
Md. Shahidul Islam ◽  
Jin Hyun Choi ◽  
Han Do Ghim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Composite Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

A high-performance oil-free backing pump for electron microscopes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
G.K.W. Balkau ◽  
E. Bez ◽  
J.L. Farrant
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
Rotary Pumps ◽  
Electron Microscopes

The earliest account of the contamination of electron microscope specimens by the deposition of carbonaceous material during electron irradiation was published in 1947 by Watson who was then working in Canada. It was soon established that this carbonaceous material is formed from organic vapours, and it is now recognized that the principal source is the oil-sealed rotary pumps which provide the backing vacuum. It has been shown that the organic vapours consist of low molecular weight fragments of oil molecules which have been degraded at hot spots produced by friction between the vanes and the surfaces on which they slide. As satisfactory oil-free pumps are unavailable, it is standard electron microscope practice to reduce the partial pressure of organic vapours in the microscope in the vicinity of the specimen by using liquid-nitrogen cooled anti-contamination devices. Traps of this type are sufficient to reduce the contamination rate to about 0.1 Å per min, which is tolerable for many investigations.

Low-molecular-weight heparin in the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disorders

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R Hermes De Santis ◽  
Betsy S Laumeister ◽  
Vidhu Bansal ◽  
Vandana Kataria ◽  
Preeti Loomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Prevention And Treatment
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