Genetic Aspects of Plasma Lipoprotein and Cholesterol Metabolism in Nonhuman Primate Models of Atherosclerosis

2015 ◽  
pp. 170-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Laber-Laird ◽  
Lawrence L. Rudel
Keyword(s):  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein

scholarly journals Pituitary control of lipoprotein and bile acid metabolism in male rats: growth hormone effects are not mediated by prolactin

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (1) ◽  
pp. E114-E119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Matasconi ◽  
Bo Angelin ◽  
Mats Rudling
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Lipoprotein Pattern

Previous studies have established that growth hormone (GH) has many important effects on the regulation of cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. However, human GH (hGH) can also bind to prolactin receptors, eliciting prolactin receptor-mediated effects. In this study, we evaluated whether hGH can exert such responses in currently used animal models and whether prolactin affects lipoprotein and/or hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Normal and hypophysectomized (Hx) male rats were given either hGH or bovine GH, the latter unable to bind to the prolactin receptor. The hormones were continuously infused by use of subcutaneous osmotic mini-pumps for 7 days; blood and livers were collected after euthanasia. Both hormones stimulated hepatic LDL receptor expression and bile acid synthesis to a similar extent and normalized the altered plasma lipoprotein pattern in Hx rats. Prolactin, injected twice daily to Hx male rats, did not exert any effects on the plasma lipoprotein pattern or on cholesterol metabolism. We conclude that previously established effects of hGH on cholesterol metabolism are not mediated by prolactin in male rats.

The effect of hypertension in pregnant women on fetal adrenal function and fetal plasma lipoprotein-cholesterol metabolism

1984 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Richard Parker ◽  
Gary D.V. Hankins ◽  
Bruce R. Carr ◽  
Kenneth J. Leveno ◽  
Norman F. Gant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Fetal Plasma

Electron Microscopic Detection and Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Enteric Viruses

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
G. C. Smith ◽  
R. L. Heberling ◽  
S. S. Kalter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Detection

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

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