Determination of End-Expiratory Compliance in Asthmatic Children by Means of an Exponential Function1

2015 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
R. Kraemer ◽  
G. Wiese ◽  
D. Bachmann ◽  
F. Geubelle
Keyword(s):  
Asthmatic Children

Indirect Plasma-Theophylline Monitoring in Asthmatic Children by Determination of Theophylline Concentration in Saliva

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 873-876
Author(s):  
Gerhard Levy ◽  
Elliot F. Ellis ◽  
Renu Koysooko
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Maintenance Dose ◽  
Theophylline Concentration ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Plasma Theophylline ◽  
Mixed Saliva

The concentration of theophylline in mixed saliva and in plasma of 16 asthmatic children on regular theophylline therapy was obtained two and four hours after a maintenance dose. There is a strong and highly statistically significant correlation between the theophylline concentration in saliva and plasma. This correlation is not affected by the pH or flow rate of saliva. The concentration of theophylline in plasma could be predicted from the concentration in saliva within ± 10% in 20, and within ± 20% in all of the 32 samples. Determination of theophylline concentrations in saliva is an effective, convenient, noninvasive, and painless method for routine indirect monitoring of plasma-theophylline concentrations in asthmatic children on regular theophylline therapy.

A modified forced oscillation technique for measurements of respiratory resistance

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Aronsson ◽  
L. Solymar ◽  
J. Dempsey ◽  
J. Bjure ◽  
T. Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forced Oscillation ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Forced Oscillation Technique ◽  
Respiratory Resistance ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resistance Value ◽  
Automated Determination

We present a modification of forced oscillation technique for automated determination of total respiratory resistance during inspiration. The modifications consist of a computerized signal averaging and an optimization technique in the assessment of the resistance value. Thereby a favorable signal-to-noise ratio is obtained, allowing very low superimposed pressure oscillations. The method is validated by comparison with a conventional esophageal balloon method, by estimating added mechanical resistances in healthy subjects and by measuring the effect of bronchodilation in asthmatic children. The coefficient of variation as obtained from day-to-day measurements was about 7%. Mechanical resistances, estimated as the difference in total resistance with and without external resistance, were within 7% of their values determined for the resistances alone. A significant decrease in resistance was obtained in each of the asthmatic children following bronchodilation.

Evaluation of Passively Absorbed Saliva for Determination of Oral Slow-Release Theophylline Bioavailability in Children

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 684-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh M. Vaughan ◽  
Gary Milavetz ◽  
Miles M. Weinberger ◽  
Gary D. Smith ◽  
James G. Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Serial Serum ◽  
Salivary Measurements

Assessment in young children of the bioavailability of slow-release theophylline formulations is hampered by the requirement for frequent blood sampling. Calculations of bioavailability from serial serum and passively absorbed saliva samples were therefore compared in six 9- to 12-year-old asthmatic children receiving multiple doses of Theo-Dur Sprinkle every 12 hours, using Theo-Dur tablets, a previously characterized formulation, as a reference. Results indicated 85 ± 5 percent and 82 ± 8 percent (mean ± SEM) relative bioavailability based on serum and salivary measurements, respectively. Correlation coefficient for serum and passively absorbed saliva bioavailabilities was 0.90. Passively absorbed saliva provides an acceptably accurate, noninvasive method for theophylline bioavailability assessment and may be a useful alternative for bioavailability studies in young children.

Gastroesophageal Reflux in Steroid-Dependent Asthmatic Youths

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Gail G. Shapiro ◽  
Dennis L. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Steroid Dependent ◽  
Stomach Acid ◽  
Pulmonary Status

The aims of this study were to evaluate the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in chronic allergic steroid-dependent asthmatic children and to assess whether a medical antireflux regimen might improve pulmonary status of asthmatics found to have reflux. Nineteen patients had a determination of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, pH assessment after acid instillation into the stomach (acid reflux test), and esophagram. After the reflux evaluation, an antireflux regimen was instituted for three weeks; patients were followed with asthma symptom diaries and weekly pulmonary function tests for this period and for another three weeks after finishing the regimen. Gastroesophageal reflux, diagnosed by positive acid reflux test, occurred in nine patients. Five patients had low LES pressure (≤12 mm Hg), and two patients had an abnormal esophagram. There were no significant changes in asthma syniptoms or pulmonary function tests with the medical antireflux regimen. Although GER does exist in a high percentage of this patient sample (47%), a short-term antacid and positional antireflux regimen does not improve the pulmonary status of these patients.

Determination of dose-response reltionship for nebulized ipratropium in asthmatic children

1984 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Davis ◽  
Fred Vickerson ◽  
Geoffrey Worsley ◽  
Catherine Mindorff ◽  
Farouk Kazim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Asthmatic Children

scholarly journals FENO AND ATOPY IN PEDIATRIC ASTHMA

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-139
Author(s):  
Cristiana Stanciulescu ◽  
◽  
Mirela Chiru ◽  
Alina Oprea ◽  
Daniela Pacurar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Atopic Asthma ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Atopic Status ◽  
Children With Asthma

Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the manner in which the level of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) influences the atopic status in children with asthma. Methods. The study included 92 asthmatic children (aged 5-18 years) admitted on the Pediatric Clinic of “Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children. The atopic status was evaluated through anamnesis, clinical examination and laboratory determination of serum eosinophils and total Ig E. All children underwent measurement of FENO. Results. Children with atopic asthma had higher levels of FENO than children with nonatopic asthma. The FENO values correlate with eosinophilia and high values of immunoglobulin E. Conclusion. FENO is a useful marker for the evaluation of airway inflammation in children with atopic asthma.

Individualization of Theophylline Dosage Using a Single Serum Sample Following a Test Dose

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Gail G. Shapiro ◽  
Jeffrey R. Koup ◽  
Clifton T. Furukawa ◽  
William E. Pierson ◽  
Milo Gibaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Test Dose ◽  
Serum Theophylline ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Theophylline Level ◽  
Dosage Requirement ◽  
Serum Theophylline Level ◽  
Sustained Release Theophylline

Because formulas for theophylline requirement based on weight alone carry the risk of overdosing and toxicity, this study was designed to test a clearance nomogram for determining daily theophylline requirement after a known initial dose of theophylline. Twenty asthmatic children who had not taken theophylline for at least 36 hours fasted and were given one dose of anhydrous theophylline (5 mg/kg). Six hours later the serum level was measured and the appropriate dosage of sustained-release theophylline to achieve a serum level of 10 µg/ml was selected from the clearance nomogram. Three to seven days later a six-hour theophylline level was obtained. Of 20 patients, therapeutic levels of 10 to 20 µg/ml were achieved in 15, and the remaining five patients had levels close to this (range 6.2 to 16.0 µg/ml). The dosage requirement per 24 hours ranged from 10 to 32 mg/kg/24 hr. This method of determining theophylline requirements for children required measurement of the serum theophylline level only once for the determination of a safe and effective daily dose. It is especially valuable when follow-up is difficult and is a safe way to avoid serious overdosing while being certain of effective dosing.

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