Influence of (+)-Cyanidanol-3 on Bile Flow and Bilirubin Excretion in Heterozygous Gunn Rats

2015 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
W. Horak ◽  
H. Seyfried ◽  
G. Grabner
Keyword(s):  
Bile Flow ◽  
Gunn Rats ◽  
Bilirubin Excretion

ENHANCED BILIARY THYROXINE EXCRETION IN RATS TREATED WITH PREGNENOLONE-16α-CARBONITRILE

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Japundžić ◽  
C. H. Bastomsky ◽  
I. P. Japundžić
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Bile Flow ◽  
Stomach Tube ◽  
Biliary Clearance ◽  
Gunn Rats ◽  
Peripheral Metabolism ◽  
Hormonal Release ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT Normal rats were treated with pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) 10 mg/100 g by stomach tube twice daily for 3 days. In these animals the biliary excretion of intravenously injected 125I-thyroxine (T4) was enhanced and the bile: plasma 125I ratio (B/P ratio) and the biliary clearance rate of plasma 125I-T4 was increased. Normal rats were treated with PCN for 3 days and homozygous Gunn rats for 13 days. In both groups PCN enhanced the bile flow and elevated the B/P ratios and the biliary clearance rate of plasma T4 following ip injection of 125I-T4 17 h previously. PCN-treatment had no effect on the fractions of biliary 125I present as T4-glucuronide, T4 and I− in either the normal or Gunn rats. Treatment with PCN for 10 days produced goitres in normal and Gunn rats and in normal rats elevated the serum TSH (bioassay) levels and the 17 h thyroid 131I uptake as well as the serum PB125I concentrations, without affecting stable PBI concentrations. These data indicated increased pituitary TSH release in response to increased peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormone; enhanced hormonal release from the thyroid kept pace with the accelerated peripheral loss.

Bilirubin excretion and bile flow in fed and fasted Brazilian squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Cornelius ◽  
B. A. Myers ◽  
M. L. Bruss ◽  
J. W. George
Keyword(s):  
Bile Flow ◽  
Squirrel Monkeys ◽  
Saimiri Sciureus ◽  
Bilirubin Excretion

The Enhancement of Maximal Bilirubin Excretion with Taurocholate–Induced Increments in Bile Flow

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl A. Goresky ◽  
Henry H. Haddad ◽  
Warren S. Kluger ◽  
Brita E. Nadeau ◽  
Glen G. Bach
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Bile Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Bile Formation ◽  
Bilirubin Excretion ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Bile Flow Rate ◽  
Biliary Excretion Rate

Of the processes involved in the handling of a bilirubin load, the biliary secretory maximum or Tm for bilirubin has been regarded as rate limiting, and as a characteristic of liver function. In the present study, bile flow was varied by use of bile acid infusions, in order to determine whether the Tm is indeed constant or whether it varies with flow. Anesthetized dogs, with bile flow stabilized by cholinergic blockade, were studied during taurocholate infusions. In these animals the ductular component of flow is relatively inhibited and the bile flow rate increases approximately in proportion to the rate of excretion of taurocholate. The maximal biliary excretion rate of bilirubin was found to increase linearly with flow and taurocholate excretion, in a significant fashion, but, in contrast to the relation between taurocholate excretion and flow, a significantly large intercept remained on linear extrapolation towards zero flow. The basis for the large intercept is a great increase in the bilirubin concentration in bile as the flow is decreased. This results in a simultaneous sharp increase in the molar ratio (bilirubin/taurocholate) at very low flow rates.We have inferred, on the basis of the preceding data, that the capacity for bilirubin transport is linked to the secretion of bile acids into bile. At low rates of supply of bile acids, little of the material will reach the centers of the hepatic lobules, and the contribution of bile acids to bile flow at that site will be relatively low. At higher rates of bile acid infusion or supply, increased amounts of the bile acids will reach the centers of the lobules and contribute to increased bile formation in these areas. It appears that this is the mechanism which underlies the change in the transport maximum for bilirubin with change in the rate of bile salt excretion.

Orlistat treatment increases fecal bilirubin excretion and decreases plasma bilirubin concentrations in hyperbilirubinemic Gunn rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoji Nishioka ◽  
Anja M. Hafkamp ◽  
Rick Havinga ◽  
Pieter P.E. van Lierop ◽  
Herman Velvis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gunn Rats ◽  
Bilirubin Excretion ◽  
Plasma Bilirubin

Bile flow and electrolyte composition of bile associated with maximum bilirubin excretion in sheep

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Barnhart ◽  
Dan W. Upson
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bile Flow ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Bilirubin Excretion ◽  
The Common

Changes in the composition of bile accompanying the maximum biliary excretion (Emax) of bilirubin were investigated in sheep. Sheep fitted with chronic 'T-tubes' in the common bile duct were infused with taurocholate and bilirubin at various rates. Bile collected during both pre- and post-bilirubin steady-state periods was analyzed for the biliary concentration of electrolytes, bile salts, and bilirubin. Bilirubin Emax was 24.6 μmol/min while bile salt excretion during this period was 103 μmol/min. At Emax bilirubin entry into bile reached a concentration of 16.1 μmol/mL, increased the biliary concentration of sodium, did not change osmolarity of bile, and did not increase bile flow. The data suggest that bilirubin either interacts with mixed micelles in bile or forms molecular aggregates.

Studies on biliary excretion in the rabbit II. The relationship between the chemical structure of certain natural or synthetic pentacyclic triterpenes and their icterogenic activity. Part 1: The substituents on carbon atoms 3, 17, 22 and 24

1963 ◽  
Vol 157 (969) ◽  
pp. 473-491 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Flow ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpene ◽  
Triterpene Acid ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenes ◽  
Bilirubin Excretion ◽  
The Relationship

Considerable interest has been aroused by the use of the pentacyclic triterpene acid, icterogenin, in studies associated with bilirubin excretion and the genesis of icterus of the intrahepatic cholestasis type. This compound, which produces within a few hours after administration to sheep and rabbits a very marked decline in bile flow and the amount of bilirubin excreted hourly without any histological damage to the liver parenchyma visible in the ordinary light microscope, has proved to be very useful in the study of the South African ovine photosensitization disease known as 'geeldikkop’ (‘yellow thick head’). In connexion with research on this disease, a study of the relationship between the chemical structure of the pentacyclic triterpenes and their icterogenic activity is in progress. The first part of this work dealing with certain structural variations in triterpenes of the oleanane and 24-noroleanane (hedragane) series is reported in this paper. Assays are recorded of sixteen of these compounds and some of their derivatives for such activity, using a modification of the rabbit test described in the first paper of this series (Heikel, Knight, Rimington, Ritchie & Williams 1960). Four new icterogenic agents are discussed, namely: 22 β -angeloyloxyoleanolic acid, 22 β -angeloyloxyhedragolic acid, 22 β -angeloyloxy-24-hydroxyoleanolic acid and 22 β -angeloyloxy-24-oxo-oleanonic acid. The first two mentioned compounds are extremely active, their potency far surpassing that of icterogenin. Icterogenic activity of these acids appears, so far, to be based upon the presence of a β -equatorially orientated hydroxyl group at C(3) or a hydroxyl at C(24) and a 22 β -angeloyl side-chain on the triterpene molecule. Stereoisomer specificity is shown in respect of icterogenicity by these compounds since the epimers of two of these substances carrying α -axially orientated hydroxyls at C(3) have been shown to have no such effect on bile flow or bilirubin excretion. Removal of the angelic acid side-chain, substitution of the hydroxyl groups or replacement of these with a ketone function, is followed by loss of activity.

Bile flow to duodenum is reduced in hypothyroidism and enhanced in hyperthyroidism

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A341-A341
Author(s):  
J LAUKKARINEN ◽  
P KOOBL ◽  
J KALLIOVALKAMA ◽  
J SAND ◽  
V TURJANMAA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Flow

Low Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 in Gunn Rats: A Hyperbilirubinemia Animal Model of Schizophrenic Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 503-508
Author(s):  
Maiko Hayashida ◽  
Sadayuki Hashioka ◽  
Kenji Hayashida ◽  
Shoko Miura ◽  
Keiko Tsuchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Gunn Rats

Background: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 (also referred to as basic FGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that plays a pivotal role in the pro-survival, pro-migration and pro-differentiation of neurons. Method: Because alterations in FGF2 levels are suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis schizophrenia, we investigated serum levels of FGF2 in the Gunn rat, a hyperbilirubinemia animal model of schizophrenic symptoms. Results: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the serum levels of FGF2 in Gunn rats were 5.09 ± 0.236 pg/mL, while those in the normal strain Wistar rats were 11.90 ± 2.142 pg/mL. The serum FGF2 levels in Gunn rats were significantly lower than those in Wistar rats. We also measured serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) and found a significant negative correlation between UCB and FGF2 at serum levels in all the rats studied. Conclusion: Since it is known that FGF2 regulates dopaminergic neurons and have anti-neuroinflammatory effects, our finding suggests that low FGF2 levels may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, in which disbalanced dopamin-ergic signaling and neuroinflammation are supposed to play certain roles.

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