Effects of Trace Elements in Polymerization of Keratin Proteins and Destruction of the Filaments by Processing Techniques for Electron Microscopy

2015 ◽  
pp. 407-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimie Fukuyama ◽  
Sinfu Tzeng ◽  
Masahiro Sakamoto ◽  
William L. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Keratin Proteins

Digital phase analysis in interference electron microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 842-843
Author(s):  
S. Hasegawa ◽  
T. Kawasaki ◽  
J. Endo ◽  
M. Futamoto ◽  
A. Tonomura
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Magnetic Recording Media ◽  
Electron Wave ◽  
Vector Potentials ◽  
Weak Magnetic Fields ◽  
Leakage Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Reconstruction ◽  
Processing Techniques

Interference electron microscopy enables us to record the phase distribution of an electron wave on a hologram. The distribution is visualized as a fringe pattern in a micrograph by optical reconstruction. The phase is affected by electromagnetic potentials; scalar and vector potentials. Therefore, the electric and magnetic field can be reduced from the recorded phase. This study analyzes a leakage magnetic field from CoCr perpendicular magnetic recording media. Since one contour fringe interval corresponds to a magnetic flux of Φo(=h/e=4x10-15Wb), we can quantitatively measure the field by counting the number of finges. Moreover, by using phase-difference amplification techniques, the sensitivity for magnetic field detection can be improved by a factor of 30, which allows the drawing of a Φo/30 fringe. This sensitivity, however, is insufficient for quantitative analysis of very weak magnetic fields such as high-density magnetic recordings. For this reason we have adopted “fringe scanning interferometry” using digital image processing techniques at the optical reconstruction stage. This method enables us to obtain subfringe information recorded in the interference pattern.

scholarly journals Clay-Based Brick Porosity Estimation Using Image Processing Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1226-1234
Author(s):  
Safa Jida ◽  
Hassan Ouallal ◽  
Brahim Aksasse ◽  
Mohammed Ouanan ◽  
Mohamed El Amraoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Image Processing Techniques ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Porosity Estimation ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This work intends to apprehend and emphasize the contribution of image-processing techniques and computer vision in the treatment of clay-based material known in Meknes region. One of the various characteristics used to describe clay in a qualitative manner is porosity, as it is considered one of the properties that with “kill or cure” effectiveness. For this purpose, we use scanning electron microscopy images, as they are considered the most powerful tool for characterising the quality of the microscopic pore structure of porous materials. We present various existing methods of segmentation, as we are interested only in pore regions. The results show good matching between physical estimation and Voronoi diagram-based porosity estimation.

scholarly journals Efflorescent Sulfate Crystallization on Fractured and Polished Colloform Pyrite Surfaces: A Migration Pathway of Trace Elements

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Dimitrina Dimitrova ◽  
Vassilka Mladenova ◽  
Lutz Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Scanning Electron

The colloform pyrite variety incorporates many trace elements that are released in the environment during rapid oxidation. Colloform pyrite from the Chiprovtsi silver–lead deposit in Bulgaria and its oxidation efflorescent products were studied using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Pyrite is enriched with (in ppm): Co (0.1–964), Ni (1.8–3858), Cu (2.9–3188), Zn (3.1–77), Ag (1.2–1771), As (8179–52,787), Se (2.7–21.7), Sb (48–17792), Hg (4–2854), Tl (1.7–2336), Pb (13–7072), and Au (0.07–2.77). Gypsum, anhydrite, szomolnokite, halotrichite, römerite, copiapite, aluminocopiapite, magnesiocopiapite, coquimbite, aluminocoquimbite, voltaite, and ammoniomagnesiovoltaite were identified in the efflorescent sulfate assemblage. Sulfate minerals contain not only inherited elements from pyrite (Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, In, As, Sb, Hg, Tl, and Pb), but also newly introduced elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Sn, Cs, Ba, REE, U, and Th). Voltaite group minerals, copiapite, magnesiocopiapite, and römerite incorporate most of the trace elements, especially the most hazardous As, Sb, Hg, and Tl. Colloform pyrite occurrence in the Chiprovtsi deposit is limited. Its association with marbles would further restrict the oxidation and release of hazardous elements into the environment.

Electron Microscopy of Mesoscale Arrays of Quantum-Confined CdS Nanoparticles Formed on DNA Templates

1996 ◽  
Vol 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell F. Pinizzotto ◽  
Young G. Rho ◽  
Yandong Chen ◽  
Robert M. Pirtle ◽  
Irma L. Pirtle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Quantum Confinement ◽  
Cds Nanoparticles ◽  
Dna Templates ◽  
Quantum Confinement Effects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Quantum Confined ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
State Processing

AbstractThis paper describes the fabrication method and initial characterization of self-assembled mesoscale arrays of quantum-confined CdS nanoparticles using DNA as a template for the overall shape. Three DNAs were used: the circular and linear forms of the plasmid pUCLeu4, and circular φ×174 RF II. In all three cases, the mesoscale lengths are consistent with the A-form of DNA. The structural signatures and crystallography were confirmed using conventional and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and electron diffraction. Optical spectroscopy demonstrated that the particles display quantum-confinement effects. This research is a fundamental demonstration of the power of combining biochemical and solid-state processing techniques.

Electron Microscope Characterization of Pulse Annealed Semiconductors

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CULLIS
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Defect Structure ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Semiconductor Structures ◽  
Pulse Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques

ABSTRACTThe pulse processing techniques that have assumed prominence over the past few years offer various important advantages for device fabrication technology. However, the usefulness of each individual method depends substantially upon the specific annealing mechanism involved. This article demonstrates the role of electron microscopy in elucidating such mechanisms and in analysing annealed semiconductor structures of importance to both research workers and semiconductor technologists. The range of laser and electron beam pulse annealing methods is covered and defect structure transitions observed are related to the solid and liquid phase processes occurring. Characteristic impurity trapping and segregation phenomena are described.

Surface Segregation of Indium by Heat Treatment of Aluminium

2006 ◽  
Vol 519-521 ◽  
pp. 673-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brit Graver ◽  
Antonius van Helvoort ◽  
John Charles Walmsley ◽  
Kemal Nisancioglu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Surface Segregation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Surface Enrichment ◽  
High Temperature Heat Treatment ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Temperature Heat Treatment

High temperature heat treatment of aluminium alloys causes surface enrichment of the trace elements in Group IIIA - VA, specifically the low melting point elements Pb, Bi, In and Sn. The phenomenon has practical significance in promoting certain types of localised corrosion, such as galvanic and filiform corrosion, while mitigating other types, such as pitting corrosion of the bare surface. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the surface enrichment and microstructure of indium relative to the available data for Pb. Model binary AlIn alloys, containing 20-1000 ppm of In, were used after heat treatment at various temperatures. In addition to electrochemical investigations, the microstructures were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEG SEM) and field emission transmission electron microscopy (FEG TEM). Heat treatment at temperatures as low as 300°C gave significant segregation of In as opposed to 600°C for Pb. As a result of this and yet unresolved oxide film breakdown mechanism on aluminium, In was significantly more effective than Pb in anodically activating aluminium. These results suggest the possibility that significant activation earlier observed on certain commercial alloys as a result of low temperature heat treatment may be due to the trace elements In.

scholarly journals Insights into neurodegeneration from electron microscopy studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anthony Crowther
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Image Processing Techniques ◽  
Atomic Structures ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Processing Techniques

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, pose an increasingly severe burden for individuals and society in an ageing population. The causes and mechanisms of the diseases are poorly understood and as yet there are no effective treatments. Some of the molecular complexes involved in degeneration have been identified and electron microscopy has provided an essential tool in the investigations. The focus of this review is to show how electron microscopy has contributed historically to the understanding of disease and to summarize the most striking current advances. It does not seek to cover in detail the recent technical developments in microscopy, involving better microscopes, better electron detectors and more powerful image processing techniques, which have made possible the new insights. In many instances pathological filament assemblies are associated with brain cells that die in the disease, causing the observed symptoms such as dementia or movement disorders. Using electron microscopy it is now possible to go beyond morphological descriptions to produce atomic structures of many of the filaments. This information may help to understand the seeding and assembly of the filaments, with the aim of finding small molecule inhibitors that could potentially provide a form of treatment for the diseases.

An Electron Microscope Study of Defect-free YBa2Cu3O7?x (x » 0.15) with Superconductivity at 93 K

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Bursill ◽  
P Goodman ◽  
JD Patterson ◽  
S Tonner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
High Temperature Superconductor ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Orthorhombic Structure ◽  
Controlled Processing ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Processing Techniques

High resolution electron microscopy has been used to characterise sintered preparations of the mixed oxide YBa2Cu307_x (x::::; 0�15). By carefully controlled processing techniques a single phase defect-free orthorhombic structure having excellent characteristics for use as a high temperature superconductor was obtained. Surface structures and an image of a dislocation are included in this study.

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