Measurement of Pulmonary Tissue Volume and Capillary Blood Flow by a Single Breath Respiratory Inductive Plethysmograph Method1

2015 ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sackner ◽  
A. Rao ◽  
M. J. Broudy ◽  
H. Jones ◽  
H. Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue Volume

Effect of the rebreathing pattern on pulmonary tissue volume and capillary blood flow

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1881-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Kallay ◽  
R. W. Hyde ◽  
P. J. Fahey ◽  
M. J. Utell ◽  
B. T. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Lung Model ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue Volume

Noninvasive rebreathing measurements of pulmonary tissue volume (Vt) and pulmonary capillary blood flow (Qc) theoretically and experimentally vary with the rebreathing maneuver. To determine the cause of these variations and identify ways to minimize them, we examined the consequences of varying the volume inspired (VI), rebreathing rate (f), volume rebreathed (Vreb), and alveolar volume (VA) on the observed Vt and Qc in six normal sitting subjects. When VA was increased by progressively larger VI and Vreb, Vt increased 50 ml/l of VA. Increasing VA while keeping VI and Vreb constant did not significantly alter Vt. Diminishing Vreb while VA and VI constant caused Vt to fall 108 ml/l decrease in Vreb. Therefore the observed Vt is not simply a function of VA but increased with greater penetration of the inspired gas into the lungs. Diminishing f from 40 to 12 breaths/min caused the observed Vt to rise 27%, indicating time allowed for alveolar mixing is an important determinant of Vt. The observed Qc, in contrast, was essentially independent of the same variations in rebreathing. The above findings were similar regardless of solubility of the tracer gas (dimethyl ether instead of acetylene) or changing to the supine position. A two-compartment series lung model derived from the anatomy and rates of gas mixing in normal human pulmonary lobules produced similar changes in Vt. Thus the degree of uneven distribution between ventilation, VA, Vt, and Qc within the normal lung lobule can account for variations in the observed Vt with different ventilatory maneuvers. Slow deep breathing maneuvers tended to reduce variations in Vt. Unlike Qc, the observed value of Vt can be expected to vary substantially with pathological processes that alter pulmonary gas distribution.

A computerized timing algorithm for determination of pulmonary tissue volume

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Petrini ◽  
T. M. Dwyer ◽  
M. S. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Single Interface ◽  
Computerized Method ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue Volume ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Space Method

We developed a computerized method to measure pulmonary tissue volume (Vt) and capillary blood flow (Qc) that requires only a single interface for measurement of a soluble and an insoluble gas. The method uses a timing algorithm that replaces either a marker gas (C18O) or a volume signal. Gas concentrations are stored in digitized form. The data analysis consists of three parts: 1) initial and end-tidal samples found by using minima and maxima; 2) a timing algorithm derived from the end-tidal dead space method (ETDS, J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 44: 782-795, 1978); and 3) calculations of Vt and Qc, also by the ETDS method. Both the timing and Vt and Qc agree well with the hand-calculated values, but the coefficient of variation of Vt is slightly improved (6 vs. 7% manually). We conclude that our computerized method is equivalent to the manual ETDS method, but it is faster and more accurate; in addition, it has the advantage of requiring only one interface without the use of expensive gases.

Pulmonary tissue volume in isolated perfused dog lungs

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Crapo ◽  
J. D. Crapo ◽  
A. H. Morris ◽  
S. L. Berlin ◽  
W. C. Devries
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue Volume ◽  
Isolated Lungs

Lung tissue volume (Vt) and pulmonary capillary blood flow (Qc) were measured with an acetylene rebreathing technique in intact and isolated perfused dog lungs. Qc (1.73 ± 0.17 l/min) was consistently greater than pump flow (0.87 ± 0.10 l/min) in isolated perfused lungs because acetylene disappearance from the lung was increased by diffusion across the pleura into the room. In spite of the increased acetylene loss, Vt can be measured in isolated lungs with reproducibility similar to that in intact animals (Vt intact = 207 ± 63 ml, Vt isolated perfused = 208 ± 61 ml).

scholarly journals Pulmonary tissue volume, cardiac output, and diffusing capacity in sustained microgravity

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 810-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Verbanck ◽  
Hans Larsson ◽  
Dag Linnarsson ◽  
G. Kim Prisk ◽  
John B. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Interstitial Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume

Verbanck, Sylvia, Hans Larsson, Dag Linnarsson, G. Kim Prisk, John B. West, and Manuel Paiva. Pulmonary tissue volume, cardiac output and diffusing capacity in sustained microgravity. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(3): 810–816, 1997.—In microgravity (μG) humans have marked changes in body fluids, with a combination of an overall fluid loss and a redistribution of fluids in the cranial direction. We investigated whether interstitial pulmonary edema develops as a result of a headward fluid shift or whether pulmonary tissue fluid volume is reduced as a result of the overall loss of body fluid. We measured pulmonary tissue volume (Vti), capillary blood flow, and diffusing capacity in four subjects before, during, and after 10 days of exposure to μG during spaceflight. Measurements were made by rebreathing a gas mixture containing small amounts of acetylene, carbon monoxide, and argon. Measurements made early in flight in two subjects showed no change in Vti despite large increases in stroke volume (40%) and diffusing capacity (13%) consistent with increased pulmonary capillary blood volume. Late in-flight measurements in four subjects showed a 25% reduction in Vti compared with preflight controls ( P < 0.001). There was a concomittant reduction in stroke volume, to the extent that it was no longer significantly different from preflight control. Diffusing capacity remained elevated (11%; P< 0.05) late in flight. These findings suggest that, despite increased pulmonary perfusion and pulmonary capillary blood volume, interstitial pulmonary edema does not result from exposure to μG.

Rebreathing techniques for pulmonary capillary blood flow and tissue volume

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 910-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Sackner ◽  
G. Markwell ◽  
N. Atkins ◽  
S. J. Birch ◽  
R. J. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Ethyl Iodide ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood

The variability of three methods of calculating pulmonary capillary blood flow (Qc) and pulmonary tissue plus capillary blood volume (Vt) during rebreathing was assessed in normal humans by using as markers acetylene, ethyl iodide, and dimethyl ether. The methods of analysis were as follows. Method I, the timing of the disappearance curves of the soluble gases was corrected by assuming that the C18O-disappearance curve intercepted at unity at time O. Method II, it was assumed that the acetylene Qc calculated by method I was correct; ethyl iodide and dimethyl ether Vt were solved by an equation using the disappearance slopes of these gases and the acetylene Qc value, thereby avoiding dependence on extrapolated intercept values. Method III, Vt was calculated by solving for a unique value of Qc between pairs of disappearance slopes of acetylene and dimethyl ether, acetylene and ethyl iodide, and ethyl iodide and dimethyl ether. Among the three methods, method I gave the most reproducible values for Vt as determined with acetylene or dimethyl ether. Using method I, both acetylene and dimethyl ether were equally acceptable gases for measurement of Vt; acetylene was a better marker for Qc measurements.

Determination of pulmonary parenchymal tissue volume and pulmonary capillary blood flow in man

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Cander ◽  
Robert E. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Parenchymal Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Alveolar Level ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood

The rates of disappearance of SF6, N2O, C2H2, diethyl ether and acetone from alveolar air during breath holding, following a single deep inspiration of a mixture containing one of these gases and about 15% helium, was studied in five normal seated subjects. SF6 is so insoluble that no significant change in its concentration relative to helium was found. Ether and acetone are so soluble that they dissolve in the tissues around the respiratory dead space during inspiration and evaporate during expiration, contaminating the expired alveolar gas to such an extent that the exchange of these gases cannot be properly measured at the alveolar level. N2O and C2H2 showed a) a rapid (less than 1.5 sec.) initial fall in relative alveolar concentration and b) a subsequent more gradual decrease; a) presumably results from the solution of the foreign gas in the pulmonary parenchymal tissues and can be used to calculate the pulmonary parenchymal tissue volume (Vt); b) can be used to calculate the pulmonary capillary blood flow (Qc), provided observations are not extended beyond 21 sec. The average values obtained were 3.31 l/min/m2 and 606 ml for Qc and Vt, respectively. Submitted on December 4, 1958

Pulmonary tissue volume and blood flow as functions of body surface area and age

Lung ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcy F. Petrini ◽  
Margaret S. Phillips ◽  
David A. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue Volume

Pulmonary Parenchymal Tissue Volume and Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow in Normal Subjects

Respiration ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas González Mangado ◽  
Juan A. Barberà Mir ◽  
German Peces-Barba ◽  
Javier Vallejo Galbete ◽  
Fernando Lahoz Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Tissue Volume ◽  
Parenchymal Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood
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