Pressure, Flow and Volume Changes of the Lesser Circulation During Pulmonary Artery Occlusion in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension

2015 ◽  
pp. 224-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Widimsk�
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Pressure Flow

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Evolution of Pulmonary Hypertension in Previously Healthy Subjects Recovering from a SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 5272
Author(s):  
Cristina Tudoran ◽  
Mariana Tudoran ◽  
Voichita Elena Lazureanu ◽  
Adelina Raluca Marinescu ◽  
Talida Georgiana Cut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Right Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
The Self ◽  
Pulmonary Injury ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Initial Severity

(1) Background: While the COVID-19 pandemic has been persisting for almost 2 years, more and more people are diagnosed with residual complications such as pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right ventricular dysfunction (RVD). This study aims to evaluate the course of PH and borderline PH (BPH) at 3 and 6 months after the acute COVID-19 infection and investigate if there are differences regarding its evolution between the patients from the first three waves of this disease. (2) Methods: We analyzed, by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), the 3 and 6 months’ evolution of the echocardiographically estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressures (esPAP) in 116 patients already diagnosed with PH or BPH due to COVID-19 during the first three subsequent waves of COVID-19. (3) Results: We documented a gradual, statistically significant reduction in esPAP values, but also an improvement of the parameters characterizing RVD after 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001). This evolution was somewhat different between subjects infected with different viral strains and was related to the initial severity of the pulmonary injury and PH (adjusted R2 = 0.722, p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: PH and RVD alleviate gradually during the recovery after COVID-19, but in some cases, they persist, suggesting the activation of pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the self-propagation of PH.

scholarly journals Pulmonary hypertension due to silicosis and right upper pulmonary artery occlusion with bronchial anthracofibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 101522
Author(s):  
Kai Yazaki ◽  
Kazufumi Yoshida ◽  
Kentaro Hyodo ◽  
Jun Kanazawa ◽  
Takefumi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Artery Occlusion

Impact of acute hypoxic pulmonary hypertension on LV diastolic function in healthy mountaineers at high altitude

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (3) ◽  
pp. H856-H862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Allemann ◽  
Martin Rotter ◽  
Damian Hutter ◽  
Ernst Lipp ◽  
Claudio Sartori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Altitude Exposure ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Lv Diastolic Function

In pulmonary hypertension right ventricular pressure overload leads to abnormal left ventricular (LV) diastolic function. Acute high-altitude exposure is associated with hypoxia-induced elevation of pulmonary artery pressure particularly in the setting of high-altitude pulmonary edema. Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) allows assessment of LV diastolic function by direct measurements of myocardial velocities independently of cardiac preload. We hypothesized that in healthy mountaineers, hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery hypertension at high altitude is quantitatively related to LV diastolic function as assessed by conventional and TDI Doppler methods. Forty-one healthy subjects (30 men and 11 women; mean age 41 ± 12 yr) underwent transthoracic echocardiography at low altitude (550 m) and after a rapid ascent to high altitude (4,559 m). Measurements included the right ventricular to right atrial pressure gradient (ΔPRV-RA), transmitral early ( E) and late ( A) diastolic flow velocities and mitral annular early ( Em) and late ( Am) diastolic velocities obtained by TDI at four locations: septal, inferior, lateral, and anterior. At a high altitude, ΔPRV-RA increased from 16 ± 7to44 ± 15 mmHg ( P < 0.0001), whereas the transmitral E-to- A ratio ( E/ A ratio) was significantly lower (1.11 ± 0.27 vs. 1.41 ± 0.35; P < 0.0001) due to a significant increase of A from 52 ± 15 to 65 ± 16 cm/s ( P = 0.0001). ΔPRV-RA and transmitral E/ A ratio were inversely correlated ( r2 = 0.16; P = 0.0002) for the whole spectrum of measured values (low and high altitude). Diastolic mitral annular motion interrogation showed similar findings for spatially averaged (four locations) as well as for the inferior and septal locations: Am increased from low to high altitude (all P < 0.01); consequently, Em/ Am ratio was lower at high versus low altitude (all P < 0.01). These intraindividual changes were reflected interindividually by an inverse correlation between ΔPRV-RA and Em/ Am (all P < 0.006) and a positive association between ΔPRV-RA and Am (all P < 0.0009). In conclusion, high-altitude exposure led to a two- to threefold increase in pulmonary artery pressure in healthy mountaineers. This acute increase in pulmonary artery pressure led to a change in LV diastolic function that was directly correlated with the severity of pulmonary hypertension. However, in contrast to patients suffering from some form of cardiopulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension, in these healthy subjects, overt LV diastolic dysfunction was not observed because it was prevented by augmented atrial contraction. We propose the new concept of compensated diastolic (dys)function.

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