Importance of Mild Hypoxia on Abnormal Pulmonary Vascular Beds

2015 ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. K. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Mild Hypoxia

An ultrastructural analysis of the sympathetic innervation of the rabbit ear artery and middle cerebral artery and their branches

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 934-935
Author(s):  
John T. Dodge ◽  
John A. Bevan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Electrical Field Stimulation ◽  
Rabbit Ear Artery ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Ear Artery ◽  
Rabbit Ear ◽  
Vascular Beds

Unlike many peripheral vascular beds, the sympathetic nervous system exerts little control on cerebral blood flow. The contractile response of isolated rabbit middle cerebral artery (MCA) segments to electrical field stimulation of its intramural nerves is less than in a similar-sized artery from the ear. This study was undertaken to characterize and compare the perivascular neuromuscular relationships and innervation density of similar-sized arteries varying in diameter from these two different regional arterial beds to see if there were structural correlates for these functional differences.

A nitroreductase-activatable near-infrared theranostic photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy under mild hypoxia

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (43) ◽  
pp. 5819-5822
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Yongzhuo Liu ◽  
Fengling Song ◽  
Long Jiao ◽  
Yingnan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Triplet State ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mild Hypoxia

In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) theranostic photosensitizer was developed based on a heptamethine aminocyanine dye with a long-lived triplet state.

Adrenergic Stimulation of Regional Plasminogen Activator Release in Rabbits

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (05) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
W L Chandler ◽  
S C Loo ◽  
D Mornin
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Beta Blocker ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Epinephrine Administration ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Stimulation Of

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to determine whether different regions of the rabbit vascular system show variations in the rate of plasminogen activator (PA) secretion. To start, we evaluated the time course, dose response and adrenergic specificity of PA release. Infusion of 1 µg/kg of epinephrine stimulated a 116 ± 60% (SD) increase in PA activity that peaked 30 to 60 s after epinephrine administration. Infusion of 1 µg/kg of norepinephrine, isoproterenol and phenylephrine had no effect on PA activity. Pretreatment with phentolamine, an alpha adrenergic antagonist, blocked the release of PA by epinephrine while pretreatment with the beta blocker propranolol had no effect. This suggests that PA release in the rabbit was mediated by some form of alpha receptor.Significant arterio-venous differences in basal PA activity were found across the pulmonary and splanchnic vascular beds but not the lower extremity/pelvic bed. After stimulation with epinephrine, PA activity increased 46% across the splanchnic bed while no change was seen across the lower extremity/pelvic bed. We conclude that several vascular beds contribute to circulating PA activity in the rabbit, and that these beds secrete PA at different rates under both basal and stimulated conditions.

Maternal Anti-HPA-1a Antibodies Increase Endothelial Cell Apoptosis and Permeability

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rima Dardik ◽  
Ophira Salomon
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Αvβ3 Integrin ◽  
Endothelial Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) associated with fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is attributed mainly to endothelial damage caused by binding of maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies to the αvβ3 integrin on endothelial cells (ECs). We examined the effect of anti-HPA-1a antibodies on EC function using 2 EC lines from different vascular beds, HMVEC of dermal origin and hCMEC/D3 of cerebral origin. Anti-HPA-1a sera significantly increased apoptosis in both HMVEC and hCMEC/D3 cells and permeability in hCMEC/D3 cells only. This increase in both apoptosis and permeability was significantly inhibited by a monoclonal anti-β3 antibody (SZ21) binding to the HPA-1a epitope. Our results indicate that (1) maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies impair EC function by increasing apoptosis and permeability and (2) ECs from different vascular beds vary in their susceptibility to pathological effects elicited by maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies on EC permeability. Examination of maternal anti-HPA-1a antibodies for their effect on EC permeability may predict potential ICH associated with FNAIT.

Endothelial Dysfunction in Shock States

Physiology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGB Kovach ◽  
AM Lefer
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Circulatory Shock ◽  
Relaxing Factor ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Endothelium Derived Relaxing Factor

Circulatory shock results in dysfunction of the endothelium in various vascular beds. This dysfunction is characterized by marked impairment in the vasculature's ability to relax to endothelium-dependent vasodilators. This loss of endothelium-derived relaxing factor, or nitric oxide, leads to profound tissue injury.

scholarly journals Non-coronary Interventions: An Introduction to Peripheral Arterial Interventions

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Brock Cookman ◽  
Suhail Allaqaband ◽  
Tonga Nfor ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Peripheral Artery Diseases ◽  
Broad Understanding

With an ageing population, the burden of peripheral artery diseases (PADs) is increasing. The treatment of these diseases has largely been performed by interventional radiologists, vascular surgeons and interventional cardiologists. Due to the strong relationship between PAD and overall cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, cardiologists need to play a greater role in the management of PAD. The physician who cares for the patient with peripheral vascular disease should have a broad understanding of atherosclerotic disease involving all vascular beds. Endovascular interventions play a major role in relieving symptoms and reducing morbidity related to PAD, but long-term optimal medical treatment is an essential determinant of prognosis. This paper reviews current endovascular/percutaneous interventions for PAD.

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