Methods and Problems in the Measurement of Body Water and Electrolyte Pools with Radionuclide Tracers

2015 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
N. Veall ◽  
C. J. Edmonds ◽  
R. Hesp ◽  
T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Water ◽  
Radionuclide Tracers

Effect of total body water estimates via bioimpedance on bod pod-based three-compartment body fat models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett S. Nickerson ◽  
Samantha V. Narvaez ◽  
Mitzy I. Juarez ◽  
Stefan A. Czerwinski
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Bod Pod ◽  
Total Body

Serial estimates of body water content and distribution during the first postnatal month in baboons

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Yves W. Brans ◽  
Donna S. Andrew ◽  
Connie A. Schwartz ◽  
K.D. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Body Water

Effect of Uncomplicated Pregnancy on Body Water Content and Distribution in Baboons

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves W. Brans ◽  
Thomas J. Kuehl ◽  
Robert H. Hayashi ◽  
Donna S. Andrew ◽  
Elizabeth M. Menchaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Uncomplicated Pregnancy

scholarly journals Amino Acid-Based Diet Prevents Lethal Infectious Diarrhea by Maintaining Body Water Balance in a Murine Citrobacter rodentium Infection Model

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1896
Author(s):  
Tatsuki Kimizuka ◽  
Natsumi Seki ◽  
Genki Yamaguchi ◽  
Masahiro Akiyama ◽  
Seiichiro Higashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Enteric Pathogen ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Citrobacter Rodentium ◽  
Infectious Diarrhea ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

Infectious diarrhea is one of the most important health problems worldwide. Although nutritional status influences the clinical manifestation of various enteric pathogen infections, the effect of diet on enteric infectious diseases remains unclear. Using a fatal infectious diarrheal model, we found that an amino acid-based diet (AD) protected susceptible mice infected with the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. While the mice fed other diets, including a regular diet, were highly susceptible to C. rodentium infection, AD-fed mice had an increased survival rate. An AD did not suppress C. rodentium colonization or intestinal damage; instead, it prevented diarrhea-induced dehydration by increasing water intake. An AD altered the plasma and fecal amino acid levels and changed the gut microbiota composition. Treatment with glutamate, whose level was increased in the plasma and feces of AD-fed mice, promoted water intake and improved the survival of C. rodentium-infected mice. Thus, an AD changes the systemic amino acid balance and protects against lethal infectious diarrhea by maintaining total body water content.

scholarly journals USE OF THIOUREA AS A MEASURE OF CHANGE IN BODY WATER

1944 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Thaddeus S. Danowski
Keyword(s):  
Body Water

scholarly journals Effects of a 14-Day Hydration Intervention on Individuals with Habitually Low Fluid Intake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Caldwell ◽  
Megan E. Rosa-Caldwell ◽  
Carson Keeter ◽  
Evan C. Johnson ◽  
François Péronnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Phase ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Experimental Group

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Debate continues over whether or not individuals with low total water intake (TWI) are in a chronic fluid deficit (i.e., low total body water) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>]. When women with habitually low TWI (1.6 ± 0.5 L/day) increased their fluid intake (3.5 ± 0.1 L/day) for 4 days 24-h urine osmolality decreased, but there was no change in body weight, a proxy for total body water (TBW) [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>]. In a small (<i>n</i> = 5) study of adult men, there were no observable changes in TBW, as measured by bioelectrical impedance, after increasing TWI for 4 weeks [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>]. However, body weight increased and salivary osmolality decreased indicating that the study may have been underpowered to detect changes in TBW. Further, no studies to date have measured changes in blood volume (BV) when TWI is increased. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify individuals with habitually low fluid intake and determine if increasing TWI, for 14 days, resulted in changes in TBW or BV. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In order to identify individuals with low TWI, 889 healthy adults were screened. Participants with a self-reported TWI less than 1.8 L/day (men) or 1.2 L/day (women), and a 24-h urine osmolality greater than 800 mOsm were included in the intervention phase of the study. For the intervention phase, 15 participants were assigned to the experimental group and 8 participants were assigned to the control group. The intervention period lasted for 14 days and consisted of 2 visits to our laboratory: one before the intervention (baseline) and 14 days into the intervention (14-day follow-up). At these visits, BV was measured using a CO-rebreathe procedure and deuterium oxide (D<sub>2</sub>O) was administered to measure TBW. Urine samples were collected immediately prior, and 3–8 h after the D<sub>2</sub>O dose to allow for equilibration. Prior to each visit, participants collected 24-h urine to measure 24-h hydration status. After the baseline visit, the experimental group increased their TWI to 3.7 L for males and 2.7 L for females in order to meet the current Institute of Medicine recommendations for TWI. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty-four-hour urine osmolality decreased (−438.7 ± 362.1 mOsm; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) and urine volume increased (1,526 ± 869 mL; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) in the experimental group from baseline, while there were no differences in osmolality (−74.7 ± 572 mOsm; <i>p</i> = 0.45), or urine volume (−32 ± 1,376 mL; <i>p</i> = 0.89) in the control group. However, there were no changes in BV (Fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">1</xref>a) or changes in TBW (Fig. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">1</xref>b) in either group. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Increasing fluid intake in individuals with habitually low TWI increases 24-h urine volume and decreases urine osmolality but does not result in changes in TBW or BV. These findings are in agreement with previous work indicating that TWI interventions lasting 3 days [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>] to 4 weeks [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>] do not result in changes in TBW. Current evidence would suggest that the benefits of increasing TWI are not related changes in TBW.

Prediction of Total Body Water using Scaled Conjugate Gradient Artificial Neural Network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marife A. Rosales ◽  
Maria Gemel B. Palconit ◽  
Argel A. Bandala ◽  
Ryan Rhay P. Vicerra ◽  
Elmer P. Dadios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Conjugate Gradient ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Scaled Conjugate Gradient ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Total Body
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