Pathophysiology of Acute Plasma Loss in Burns

2015 ◽  
pp. 1130-1135
Author(s):  
G. Arturson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Loss

A Study of the Metabolism of Fibrinogen after Surgical Operations

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Plasma Loss ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Contrast Group ◽  
Surgical Operations

1. The turnover of fibrinogen was studied in twenty-eight patients after moderate and major surgical operations and in a contrast group of thirteen patients suffering from miscellaneous chronic disorders. 2. After operation the mean biological half-life of fibrinogen was 60.1 h (SD 16.4) and the mean plasma loss of fibrinogen was 40.1% (SD 12.6) of the intravascular fibrinogen pool each 24 h. In the contrast group, respective values of 96.2 h (SD 13.1) and 22.5% (SD 2.0) were obtained, which are in agreement with published values for the normal catabolism of fibrinogen. 3. When the post-operative increase in the plasma fibrinogen pool was taken into account, a massive increase in the absolute plasma loss of fibrinogen was observed with values approaching those reported for albumin turnover. 4. Possible sites of loss and the relevance of this investigation to the detection of disseminated intravascular coagulation and venous thrombosis are discussed.

Impact of skin temperature and hydration on plasma volume responses during exercise

2014 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Kenefick ◽  
Kurt J. Sollanek ◽  
Nisha Charkoudian ◽  
Michael N. Sawka
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Cycle Ergometry ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Plasma Loss ◽  
Potential Interactions

Heat stress and hydration may both alter plasma volume (PV) responses during acute exercise; potential interactions have not been fully studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of graded elevations in skin temperature (Tsk) on PV changes during steady-state exercise under conditions of euhydration (EU) and hypohydration (HYPO, −4% of body mass). Thirty-two men (22 ± 4 yr) were divided into four cohorts ( n = 8 each) and completed EU and HYPO trials in one environment [ambient temperature (Ta) 10, 20, 30, and 40°C]. Thirty minutes of cycle ergometry (50% V̇o2peak) was performed. Core (Tre) and mean skin (Tsk) temperatures were measured; changes in PV, total circulating protein (TCP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were calculated; and skin blood flow (SkBF) was estimated. Hypohydration decreased ( P < 0.05) PV by 200 ml (−5.7%) but did not alter TCP. Plasma loss was not different between EU and HYPO during exercise at any Ta. Plasma losses were greater ( P < 0.05) with elevated Ta with an average −130, −174, −294, and −445 ml losses during the 10, 20, 30, and 40°C trials, respectively. Significant ( P < 0.05) correlations ( r = 0.50 to 0.84) were found between ΔTCP and ΔPV during exercise when Tsk was cool/warm (<33°C; Ta 10, 20, and 30°C), but not at 40°C (high Tsk). We conclude that 1) graded skin warming proportionally accentuated plasma loss; 2) plasma loss was associated with plasma protein efflux at lower Tsk and SkBF; 3) at high Tsk, additional plasma loss likely results from increased net filtration at the capillaries; and 4) HYPO did not alter vascular fluid loss during exercise in any environment.

Hemodynamic functions and blood viscosity in surface hypothermia

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. H136-H143 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Y. Chen ◽  
S. Chien
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Plasma Loss ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

Hemodynamic functions and blood viscosity changes in hypothermia (core approximately 25 degrees C) were studied in 14 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs subjected to surface cooling. The viscosity of blood (eta B) increased progressively to 173% of that at 37 degrees C when body temperature was lowered to 25 degrees C. The increase in blood viscosity was caused by: a) the direct effect of low temperature on plasma viscosity, b) hemoconcentration as a result of plasma loss, and c) the low-flow (low-shear) state induced by hypothermia. A larger portion of the increased viscosity was caused by the low-flow state in hypothermia. The systemic flow resistance (SFR) increased to 271% of control, and this was attributable about equally to the increases in blood viscosity and systemic vascular hindrance (SFR/eta B). Similarly, the viscosity of blood contributed significantly to raising the pulmonary flow resistance. The relative constancy of mixed venous O2 saturation suggests that the cardiac output at low body temperature is generally adequate to meet the metabolic needs

Reduction of plasma loss to discharge chamber walls in a ring-cusp ion thruster

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Arakawa ◽  
Chinami Hamatani
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Chamber ◽  
Ion Thruster ◽  
Plasma Loss

Observation of radio-frequency field induced plasma loss in a simple mirror

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kuthi ◽  
L. Olson ◽  
K. L. Lam ◽  
H. Zwi ◽  
A. Y. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Field ◽  
Frequency Field ◽  
Plasma Loss

Hypoproteinemia in Patients with Diabetes Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis is Attributable to High Permeability of Peritoneal Membrane

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hidetomo Nakamoto ◽  
Hiromichi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Plasma Loss ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Peritoneal Function

Background The present study used the newly developed personal dialysis capacity (PDC) peritoneal function test to investigate differences in individual peritoneal membrane transport function and nutritional status in non diabetic (non DM) and diabetic (DM) patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Patients and Methods To clarify the differences in peritoneal function that determine plasma protein levels, we carried out PDC tests in non DM and DM patients. Between May 1995 and May 1999, in multicenter study in Japan, we carried out 232 PDC tests on 232 non DM patients and 47 PDC tests on 47 DM patients who had been on CAPD for 1 – 210 months. Results Plasma levels of total protein and albumin in DM patients were significantly lower than those in non DM patients (total protein: 6.5 ± 0.1 g/dL non DM vs. 5.9 ± 0.1 g/dL DM, p < 0.0001; albumin: 3.5 ± 0.1 g/dL non DM vs. 2.9 ± 0.1 g/dL DM, p < 0.0001). The mean membrane area in the DM group was significantly larger than that in the non DM group (21943 ± 608 cm/1.73 m2 non DM vs. 26 304 ± 1699 cm/1.73 m2 DM, p = 0.0076). The mean plasma loss through the large pores in the DM group was significantly greater than that in the non DM group (0.095 ± 0.004 mL/min/1.73 m2 non DM vs. 0.119 ± 0.008 mL/min/1.73 m2 DM, p = 0.0113). Protein loss into dialysate in DM patients was significantly greater than that in non DM patients. We observed a significant correlation between total protein or albumin and plasma loss from dialysis solution in non DM and DM patients on CAPD. Conclusions The study demonstrated that peritoneal function, including peritoneal membrane transport and peritoneal permeability to protein was significantly higher in DM patients than in non DM patients. Hypoproteinemia in DM patients might be associated with high permeability of peritoneal membrane in CAPD.

Research on Reducement of AZO Surface Plasma Loss Based on Composition Adjustment

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 0503001
Author(s):  
陈子男 Chen Zinan ◽  
王登魁 Wang Dengkui ◽  
魏志鹏 Wei Zhipeng ◽  
方铉 Fang Xuan ◽  
房丹 Fang Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasma ◽  
Plasma Loss
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