A Study of the Metabolism of Fibrinogen after Surgical Operations

1971 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Plasma Loss ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Contrast Group ◽  
Surgical Operations

1. The turnover of fibrinogen was studied in twenty-eight patients after moderate and major surgical operations and in a contrast group of thirteen patients suffering from miscellaneous chronic disorders. 2. After operation the mean biological half-life of fibrinogen was 60.1 h (SD 16.4) and the mean plasma loss of fibrinogen was 40.1% (SD 12.6) of the intravascular fibrinogen pool each 24 h. In the contrast group, respective values of 96.2 h (SD 13.1) and 22.5% (SD 2.0) were obtained, which are in agreement with published values for the normal catabolism of fibrinogen. 3. When the post-operative increase in the plasma fibrinogen pool was taken into account, a massive increase in the absolute plasma loss of fibrinogen was observed with values approaching those reported for albumin turnover. 4. Possible sites of loss and the relevance of this investigation to the detection of disseminated intravascular coagulation and venous thrombosis are discussed.

Measuring tissue factor (factor III) activity in plasma.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1897-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Fukuda ◽  
K Iijima ◽  
K Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Endogenous Inhibitors ◽  
Tissue Thromboplastin ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This is a method for measuring tissue factor (TF, Factor III, tissue thromboplastin) activity in plasma by using a chromogenic substrate. As pretreatment, the euglobulin fraction of plasma was prepared by removing endogenous inhibitors and heated at 60 degrees C for 3 min to remove fibrinogen. This allowed us to measure the low TF activity in plasma that could not otherwise be measured. Neither phospholipids nor coagulation factors VII, IX, X, or Xa in the samples interfere. Within-run and day-to-day reproducibility were both good. The mean value obtained by this method for normal persons was 1.02 (SD 0.91) arbitrary units/L. A markedly high plasma TF activity of 20 arb. units/L or more was observed in patients with some types of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and Toxaemia of Pregnancy in Kuwait

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Plasma Clot ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Heparin Activity

43 patients with pre-eclampsia and 9 patients with eclampsia were studied and compared with 57 normal pregnant women and 36 healthy non pregnant women.Functional tests of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) were carried out on patients and controls. These tests included platelet count, plasma anti-heparin activity, serum FDPs and plasma fibrinogen levels, euglobulin plasma clot lysis time, thrombin, prothrombin and Kaolin-cephalin times. The results of the tests are presented and confirmed that DIC occurs in toxemia of pregnancy.Patients with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia had low platelet counts with high plasma anti-heparin activity, low plasma fibrinogen levels, raised serum FDPs concentrations and prolonged thrombin and euglobulin lysis times. These findings indicate that toxemia of pregnancy can be attributed to DIC.

Maternal Serum FDP and Circulating Fetal Red Cells throughout Pregnancy. A Longitudinal Study

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 727-733
Author(s):  
M. S Hoq ◽  
J Pepper ◽  
R. J Prescott ◽  
J Robertson ◽  
J. D Cash
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
The Mean

SummaryThe presence of fetal red cells in the maternal circulation and the serum FDP content of 73 women was followed serially throughout a normal pregnancy. There was a significant increase in the mean serum FDP levels in late pregnancy, which was due to episodic elevations occurring in approximately 65% of women. These transient elevations appeared to increase in frequency and severity as pregnancy progressed. There was also an increase in the number of occasions fetal red cells were detected in the maternal circulation in the later months of pregnancy, but this phenomenon did not appear to be associated in any way to the serum FDP elevations. It is concluded that the episodic rises in serum FDP occurring in normal pregnancy are not related to episodes of occult disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to placental haemorrhage as was previously hypothesized. Their etiology and clinical significance remain unknown.

scholarly journals Tissue Factor and Extracellular Vesicles: Activation of Coagulation and Impact on Survival in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3839
Author(s):  
Yohei Hisada ◽  
Nigel Mackman
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Patients At Risk

Tissue factor (TF) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a receptor for FVII/FVIIa and initiates the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Tumors and cancer cells express TF that can be released in the form of TF positive (TF+) extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this review, we summarize the studies of tumor TF and TF + EVs, and their association with activation of coagulation and survival in cancer patients. We also summarize the role of tumor-derived TF + EVs in venous thrombosis in mouse models. Levels of tumor TF and TF + EVs are associated with venous thromboembolism in pancreatic cancer patients. In addition, levels of EVTF activity are associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation in cancer patients. Furthermore, tumor-derived TF + EVs enhance venous thrombosis in mice. Tumor TF and TF + EVs are also associated with worse survival in cancer patients, particularly in pancreatic cancer patients. These studies indicate that EVTF activity could be used as a biomarker to identify pancreatic cancer patients at risk for venous thrombosis and cancer patients at risk for disseminated intravascular coagulation. EVTF activity may also be a useful prognostic biomarker in cancer patients.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Transarterial Embolization for Postpartum Hemorrhage Complicated with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: A Single-Center Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 4082
Author(s):  
Daigo Ochiai ◽  
Seishi Nakatsuka ◽  
Yushi Abe ◽  
Satoru Ikenoue ◽  
Yoshifumi Kasuga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Transarterial Embolization ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Placenta Accreta Spectrum ◽  
The Mean

Indications for the use of transarterial embolization (TAE) for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) have been established. However, the efficacy of TAE for PPH complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of TAE for PPH complicated by DIC. A database review was conducted to identify patients who were treated with TAE for PPH at our hospital. TAE was performed in 41 patients during the study period. Effective hemostasis was achieved in all cases, but additional procedures, such as re-embolization or hysterectomy, were required in five patients (12.2%). The typical causes of PPH included uterine atony (18 cases), placenta previa (15 cases), amniotic fluid embolism (DIC-type) (11 cases), and placenta accreta spectrum (10 cases). The mean blood loss was 3836 mL. The mean obstetrical DIC and the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis DIC scores were 7.9 and 2.6, respectively. The efficacy of hemostasis was comparable between patients with and without DIC. However, the complete success rate of TAE was lower in patients with DIC as the condition worsened than that in non-DIC patients. Overall, TAE is effective as a minimally invasive treatment for PPH complicated by DIC.

Burr Red Blood Cells (BC) In Patients with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 5141-5141
Author(s):  
Vipul R. Patel ◽  
Jatinder Khokhar ◽  
Hemant S Murthy ◽  
Albert S. Braverman
Keyword(s):  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Hypertonic Medium ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Acute Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Hb S ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Abstract 5141 Burr red blood cells (BC) in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Background: Angiopathic hemolysis with schistocytes occurs in a minority of DIC patients. Burr cells (BC), are morphologically homogeneous, with a serrated membrane resembling that of red cells (RBC) in a hypertonic medium. They are associated with acute renal insufficiency, and have been observed in DIC. Methods: Criteria for patient inclusion were sepsis, often with multi-organ failure and hypotension. Of the 39 patients studied, 20 had DIC, based on platelet counts <100,000, and an International Society of Hemostasis and Thrombosis score of ≥5, derived from D-dimer or fibrin split product levels, prothrombin time elevations, and fibrinogen levels. The percentages of BC and schistocytes were determined by 1000 RBC counts, without knowledge of data concerning DIC. Patients' [Hb]'s, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), were recorded. Results: Five of the 20 DIC patients succumbed to their acute illness, while 15 recovered without developing renal insufficiency. The BC%'s of the 20 DIC patients ranged from 0–80%, with a median of 18% and a mean of 27%; in the 19 patients without DIC the range was 0–45%, the median 6.4% and the mean 11% (p=0.046). The schistocyte percentages in patients with and without DIC ranged from 0.20–17, and 0–78; the respective medians and means were 1.1% and 1.0%, and 3.0–5.8%. The median and mean [Hb]'s of the patients with and without DIC were 9.3 and 11, and 9.6 and 10.3, respectively. BC% did not correlate with the [Hb]. The median creatinine levels of patients with and without DIC were 0.92 and 0.93 mg/dl, though the DIC patients' BUN's were higher (medians 31 vs 15). The BC% correlated with neither the BUN nor the BUN/creatinine ratio. The median and mean serum sodium levels in patients with and without DIC were 137. Conclusion: BC's are significantly more frequent in septic patients with DIC than in those without it. BC% did not correlate with anemia, implying that BC do not cause significant hemolysis, though there was a trend to lower [Hb] in the DIC patients. BC% was much higher than that of schistocytes in both groups, and schistocyte percentages did not correlate with DIC or BC%. Because of the DIC patients' higher BUN's and BUN/creatinine ratio's, we cannot exclude a role for the factors, which caused pre-renal azotemia in BC formation. BC formation may prove to be a criterion for DIC. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Temporally Associated to the COVID-19 Vaccine Administration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Vincenzo D’Agostino ◽  
Ferdinando Caranci ◽  
Alberto Negro ◽  
Valeria Piscitelli ◽  
Bernardino Tuccillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Vaccine Administration ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Angio Ct ◽  
The Right

Globally, at the time of writing (20 March 2021), 121.759.109 confirmed COVID-19 cases have been reported to the WHO, including 2.690.731 deaths. Globally, on 18 March 2021, a total of 364.184.603 vaccine doses have been administered. In Italy, 3.306.711 confirmed COVID-19 cases with 103.855 deaths have been reported to WHO. In Italy, on 9 March 2021, a total of 6.634.450 vaccine doses have been administered. On 15 March 2021, Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) decided to temporarily suspend the use of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine throughout the country as a precaution, pending the rulings of the European Medicines Agency (EMA). This decision was taken in line with similar measures adopted by other European countries due to the death of vaccinated people. On 18 March 2021, EMA’s safety committee concluded its preliminary review about thromboembolic events in people vaccinated with COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca at its extraordinary meeting, confirming the benefits of the vaccine continue to outweigh the risk of side effects, however, the vaccine may be associated with very rare cases of blood clots associated with thrombocytopenia, i.e., low levels of blood platelets with or without bleeding, including rare cases of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). We report the case of a 54-year-old woman who developed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with multi-district thrombosis 12 days after the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine administration. A brain computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple subacute intra-axial hemorrhages in atypical locations, including the right frontal and the temporal lobes. A plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) of the right coronary artery was performed, without stent implantation, with restoration of distal flow, but with persistence of extensive thrombosis of the vessel. A successive thorax angio-CT added the findings of multiple contrast filling defects with multi-vessel involvement: at the level of the left upper lobe segmental branches, of left interlobar artery, of the right middle lobe segmental branches and of the right interlobar artery. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the same day showed the presence of an acute basilar thrombosis associated with the superior sagittal sinus thrombosis. An abdomen angio-CT showed filling defects at the level of left portal branch and at the level of right suprahepatic vein. Bilaterally, it was adrenal hemorrhage and blood in the pelvis. An evaluation of coagulation factors did not show genetic alterations so as the nasopharyngeal swab ruled out a COVID-19 infection. The patient died after 5 days of hospitalization in intensive care.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis in Fatal Amanita Poisoning

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sanz ◽  
R. Reig ◽  
L. Borrás ◽  
J. Martínez ◽  
R. Máñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Liver Dysfunction ◽  
Amanita Phalloides ◽  
Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Mushroom Ingestion

1 A case of fatal Amanita phalloides poisoning in a 14-year-old boy is described. 2 The patient presented severe acute liver dysfunction, disseminated intravascular coagulation and refractory hypoxaemia, and died on the 9th day after mushroom ingestion. 3 Post-mortem examination revealed mesenteric venous thrombosis, massive liver necrosis and haemorrhagic pulmonary alveolitis.

scholarly journals Fibrinopeptide A and the phosphate content of fibrinogen in venous thromboembolism and disseminated intravascular coagulation

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1460-1467
Author(s):  
OC Leeksma ◽  
F Meijer-Huizinga ◽  
EA Stoepman-van Dalen ◽  
CJ van Ginkel ◽  
WG van Aken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Phosphate Content ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
P Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Phosphate

Concentrations of plasma fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 50 patients with venous thromboembolism or disseminated intravascular coagulation or both. A consistent discrepancy was observed in values obtained with two anti-FPA antisera. Analysis of extracts from plasma of these patients by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of a phosphorylated and an unphosphorylated form of the A peptide. Differences in concentrations of FPA measured with the two antisera could be accounted for by their different reactivity with phosphorylated FPA (FPA-P). The differences were abolished by treatment with alkaline phosphatase. A good correlation was observed between the FPA-P content of free A- peptide material and of fibrinogen in plasma as determined by HPLC (r = .88, P less than .001, n = 11). In patients with elevated FPA levels, the mean FPA-P content of fibrinogen was significantly higher (P less than .002, n = 13) than in patients with normal FPA levels (n = 8) and in healthy controls (n = 14). Phosphorus in fibrinogen did not correlate with fibrinogen degradation products or fibrinogen levels and became normal on adequate anticoagulation. Therefore, blood-clotting activation may lead to a high phosphate content of fibrinogen and of free FPA in plasma.

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