scholarly journals Is Drinking with Parents Associated with High-Risk Drinking among Adolescents?

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Pape ◽  
Ingeborg Rossow ◽  
Elisabet E. Storvoll
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Parenting Style ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
School Survey ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Background/Aims: What are the implications of drinking with parents (DWP) on adolescents' drinking behavior? We expanded the meagre body of research on this controversial issue by assessing the association between the frequency of DWP and adolescent high-risk drinking, taking a number of parental factors into account. Method: Data stemmed from a subsample of 14-17-year-old current drinkers (n = 7,616) who participated in a cross-sectional Norwegian school survey (response rate: 84%). Results: One in four reported DWP during the past year. The higher the frequency of DWP, the higher was the prevalence of high-risk drinking. Parental drunkenness, permissive alcohol-related parenting, and indicators of suboptimal parenting more generally also correlated with DWP. After controlling for these confounders, only frequent DWP remained significantly associated with high-risk drinking. Conclusions: DWP was related to adolescent high-risk drinking, yet the association was in part attributable to parents' drinking and parenting style. The risk of involvement in high-risk drinking was about the same for adolescents reporting no DWP and infrequent DWP, while it was significantly elevated among those reporting frequent DWP. This study thus demonstrated that the frequency of DWP matters and that parents who drink with their adolescent children differ from other parents in important ways.

scholarly journals Functional-Belief-Based Alcohol Use Questionnaire (FBAQ) as a Pre-Screening Tool for High-Risk Drinking Behaviors among Young Adults: A Northern Thai Cross-Sectional Survey Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1536
Author(s):  
Nalinee Yingchankul ◽  
Wichuda Jiraporncharoen ◽  
Chanapat Pateekhum ◽  
Surin Jiraniramai ◽  
Kanittha Thaikla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Standard Drink ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Risk Drinking

Background: an alcohol-use disorders identification test (AUDIT) is a standard screening tool for high-risk drinking behavior. Standard drink calculation is difficult to comprehend and may lead to inaccurate estimates. This study intended to develop a practical pre-screening tool for the identification of high-risk drinkers among young adults. Methods: a cross-sectional survey was conducted in Northern Thailand from July 2016 to December 2016. Data was collected on relevant characteristics and health beliefs about drinking. The 12-month AUDIT was used as the reference standard. Logistic regression was used for the score derivation. The discriminative ability was measured with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC). Result: a total of 1401 young adults were included. Of these, 791 people (56.5%) were current drinkers. Three functional-belief items were identified as independent predictors of high-risk drinking and were used to develop the functional-belief-based alcohol-use questionnaire (FBAQ). The FBAQ demonstrated an acceptable discriminative ability—AuROC 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70, 0.77). Conclusion: The FBAQ contains only three simple belief questions and does not require unintelligible standard drink calculation. Implementing the FBAQ score and the AUDIT in a serial manner might be a more effective method in a mass-screening program for alcohol-use disorder in young adults.

scholarly journals Perception and Knowledge of Patients from Different Regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia towards Oral Hygiene and Oral Hygiene Aids

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 592
Author(s):  
Shamoukh Alshahrani ◽  
Abrar Alshuaibi ◽  
Malak Alkhaldi ◽  
Pradeep Koppolu
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the perception and awareness of interdental aids in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted, in order to evaluate the perception and knowledge of patients towards oral hygiene products among the population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In total, 812 out of 1124 participants responded and completed the survey (response rate 72.2%). The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire in English and Arabic. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS 20 software. p < 0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance. Results: A total of 812 participants responded, of which 486 participants (60%) declared using a toothpaste and toothbrush for cleaning their teeth. The cohort consisted of 274 (34%) females who brushed twice daily, while 96 (33%) males brushed their teeth once a day and 18% of the participants did not even brush once a day. The results indicated that 332 (64%) female participants and 174 (60%) male participants had perception and knowledge of the use of dental floss or any other device to clean between their teeth, while 174 (48.50%) male participants and 174 (49.10%) female participants cleaned their tongue with the same brush, rather than using a tongue scrubber or any other aids. Conclusion: The total awareness of interdental aids in Saudi Arabia is unsatisfactory, as demonstrated by the participants not being conscious or informed about the maintenance of their oral health. A majority of participants did not report adopting basic techniques, such as tongue brushing. This study reveals that no interdental aids were used by 16% of the participants. Thus, it is crucial to develop an effective educational program which emphasizes oral healthcare in this population.

scholarly journals Conhecimento das colaboradoras de uma instituição de sobre atendimento odontológico durante a gravidez

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Wesley Lima Andrade ◽  
Ana Letícia De Lima Gonçalves ◽  
Ana Letícia De Lima Gonçalves ◽  
Éllen Maria Matos De Andrade ◽  
Daniela Nunes Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Survey Response Rate

There are many beliefs, taboos and myths about dental care in pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the collaborators' knowledge about oral changes and the need for dental treatment during pregnancy. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study. Active female collaborators who worked at the educational institution in 2017 were included in the study. Collaborators who were absent from college at the time were excluded from the study. The data were collected through an interview through an individual questionnaire composed of objective questions that addressed the knowledge of female collaborators, performed by a single evaluator, then a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, presenting them with absolute values and percentages. RESULTS: Ninety-six female collaborators participated in the survey (response rate 88.9%). It was found that only 25% correctly answered all the questions. 58.3% answered that pregnancy caused problems in the teeth. The most cited problem was dental sensitivity. Among those who answered that some procedure could be performed, the most reported procedure was tooth cleaning (91.7%). CONCLUSION: It is possible for pregnant women to undergo dental treatments. Difficulties are still encountered in the dental care of pregnant women.

From Mother’s Little Helper to General Practitioner’s Dilemma: Confidence in the Recognition and Management of Benzodiazepine Dependence in the Great Southern Region of Western Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
National Level ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
Benzodiazepine Dependence

Introduction: Benzodiazepines are among the most commonly prescribed medications in general practice in Australia. This offers an important opportunity to recognise and manage dependence. Objectives: investigate the level of confidence General Practitioners in the Great Southern Region of Western Australia have in recognizing and managing benzodiazepine dependence. Method: a cross sectional survey was sent to all the general practitioners in the Great Southern Region practicing at the time the survey was disseminated. Results: the survey response rate was 35%. The majority of respondents were more confident in recognizing, rather than managing, dependence. The most common barrier to recognition and management was inconsistent prescribing within practices, followed by lack of time and experience. Discussion: Barriers to managing benzodiazepine dependence appear to play a significant part in undermining General Practitioner (GP) confidence and practice, suggesting that additional practical and systems supports need to be available at a practice, regional and national level.

Past and Present Instrument Use in Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Walner ◽  
Noah P. Parker ◽  
Robert P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Survey Response ◽  
Pediatric Otolaryngology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
American Society ◽  
Monopolar Electrocautery

OBJECTIVE: Examine changing trends/instrument usage for pediatric adenotonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Survey of 300 members of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology assessing instruments used in adenotonsillectomy currently and over the past 15 years. RESULTS: A total of 120 surveys were returned. The most common total tonsillectomy instruments for obstruction/infection were: monopolar electrocautery (ME) (53.1%/54.5%) and coblation (CT) (16.0%/16.1%). The most common subtotal tonsillectomy instrument for obstruction/infection was microdebrider (51.4%/30.8%). Over the past 15 years, ME predominated, cold utilization declined, and CT rose. The most common adenoidectomy instruments were ME (25.0%/25.0%), curette with touch-up ME (22.4%/22.4%), and microdebrider with touch-up ME (19.0%/14.7%). Over the past 15 years, curette with touch-up ME predominated early, curette utilization alone declined, and ME, microdebrider, and CT have risen. CONCLUSION: Pediatric otolaryngologist technique/instrument use for adenotonsillectomy has changed over the past 15 years. This study may be limited by the low survey response rate.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Binge Drinking Episodes Among Male and Female College Students (P18-008-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Croteau ◽  
Jesse Stabile Morrell
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
University Students ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
First Year ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
The Past

Abstract Objectives To examine binge-drinking trends among undergraduate university students (18–24 years) over a five-year span. Methods Data were collected between 2012–17 through an ongoing, cross-sectional health survey at a midsize, northeastern university. Students (n = 2759; 69% female; 59% first-year) self-reported binge-drinking activity over the past 30 days through an online questionnaire. Binge drinking was defined as consumption of ≥4 or 5 drinks on a single occasion for females and males, respectively. Heavy binge drinking behavior was defined as ≥4 episodes of binge drinking in the past 30 days. Proportional differences were analyzed through chi-square analyses. Results Between 2012–17, binge drinking prevalence ranged from 65.1–75.4% among men and 53.9–65.9% among women. Overall, men reported higher rates of binge drinking compared to females (73.2% vs. 59.2%, P < 0.01). Collectively, 35.7% reported heavy binge drinking in the past 30 days. More males report heavy binge drinking over the past 30 days compared to females (49.1% vs. 29.6%, P < 0.01). Upperclass students reported a higher prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days compared to first-year students (68.3 vs. 60.3%, P < 0.01). Between 2012–17, binge drinking prevalence ranged from 65.1–75.4% among men and 53.9–65.9% among women. Overall, men reported higher rates of binge drinking compared to females (73.2% vs. 59.2%, P < 0.01). Collectively, 35.7% reported heavy binge drinking in the past 30 days. More males report heavy binge drinking over the past 30 days compared to females (49.1% vs. 29.6%, P < 0.01). Upperclass students reported a higher prevalence of binge drinking in the past 30 days compared to first-year students (68.3 vs. 60.3%, P < 0.01). Conclusions Our findings are consistent with other studies in showing high rates of binge drinking among college students, especially among male students. Monitoring binge-drinking patterns on college campuses assists administrators and health educators to address the severity of the problem to identify and monitor prevention and intervention efforts. Funding Sources New Hampshire Agriculture Experiment Station and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Project 1010738.

scholarly journals Methylphenidate use among students living in junior on-campus residences of the University of the Free State

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
P M Van Zyl ◽  
G Joubert ◽  
L Fechter ◽  
J Griesel ◽  
M Nel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free State ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Off Label ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The University

Background: The use of methylphenidate as cognitive enhancer is a growing trend among students at tertiary institutions globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of methylphenidate use and co-use with alcohol among on-campus residence students of the University of the Free State (UFS). Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 10 junior residences were randomly selected and 1 761 anonymous questionnaires handed out for all students living in these residences during 2015. Data were collected on demographics, use of methylphenidate and co-use of methylphenidate with alcohol. Results: In total, 585 questionnaires (response rate 33.2%) were received and analysed. Sixty-six (11.3%) participants reported past-year use of methylphenidate. While only 18 (27.3%) of past-year users were diagnosed with ADHD, 44 (66.7%) obtained their supply through doctors’ prescriptions, 21 (31.8%) from friends without payment, and 4 (6.1%) bought it from illegal sources. Of the past-year users, 24.2% had used methylphenidate before consuming alcohol. Conclusion: Off-label prescribing, diversion of prescriptions and illegal trade in methylphenidate occur among students at the UFS. The frequent co-use of methylphenidate and alcohol may indicate a lack of information on the effects of the medication, rather than deliberate misuse. (Full text of the research articles are available online at www.medpharm.tandfonline.com/ojfp) S Afr Fam Pract 2017; DOI: 10.1080/20786190.2017.1292695

scholarly journals Awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e045168
Author(s):  
Ruo-lin Huang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Ying-xin Wang ◽  
Jin-yu Zou ◽  
Li-feng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Risk Populations

ObjectiveTo assess the awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China.DesignA cross-sectional study was employed.SettingThis study was conducted in nine hospitals in Hunan province, China.ParticipantsIndividuals with a high-risk for colorectal cancer were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire.Primary and secondary outcome measuresKnowledge, attitude towards colorectal cancer screening, sociodemographic factors associated with screening knowledge and behaviour and barriers of colorectal cancer screening.ResultsThis study included 684 participants. The mean knowledge score was 11.86/24 (SD 4.84). But over 70% of them held a positive attitude towards screening. Only 13.3% had undergone colorectal cancer screening. Independent factors related to knowledge were education level of college or above, working as a white collar, higher income, having health insurance, having seen a doctor in the past year and with a high perceived risk (p<0.05). Factors independently associated with screening behaviour included personal history of colorectal disease, having seen a doctor in the past year, previous discussion of colorectal cancer screening, high perceived risk and better knowledge (p<0.05). Main reasons for not undergoing screening were no symptoms or discomfort (71.1%), never having thought of the disease or screening (67.4%) and no doctor advised me (29.8%).ConclusionIn China, the majority of high-risk people had deficient knowledge and had never undergone colorectal cancer screening. But most of them held a positive attitude towards the benefits of colorectal cancer screening. This has promising implications to design targeted educational campaigns and establish screening programmes to improve colorectal cancer awareness and screening participation. Healthcare professionals should advise high-risk individuals to participate in screening and inform them about cancer risk.

scholarly journals Anaesthetists’ attitudes towards attending the funerals of their patients: A cross-sectional study among Australian and New Zealand anaesthetists

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0239996
Author(s):  
Kwangtaek Kim ◽  
Leonid Churilov ◽  
Chong Oon Tan ◽  
Tuong Phan ◽  
Jake Geertsema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Response Rate ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
The Family

A patient’s death can pose significant stress on the family and the treating anaesthetist. Anaesthetists’ attitudes about the benefits of and barriers to attending a patient’s funeral are unknown. Therefore, we performed a prospective, cross-sectional study to ascertain the frequency of anaesthetists’ attendance at a patient’s funeral and their perceptions about the benefits and barriers. The primary aim was to investigate the attitudes of anaesthetists towards attending the funeral of a patient. The secondary aims were to examine the perceived benefits of and barriers to attending the funeral and to explore the rate of bonds being formed between anaesthetists, patients and families. Of the 424 anaesthetists who completed the survey (response rate 21.2%), 25 (5.9%) had attended a patient’s funeral. Of the participants, 364 (85.9%) rarely formed special bonds with patients or their families; 233 (55%) believed that forming a special bond would increase the likelihood of their attendance. Showing respect to patients or their families was the most commonly perceived benefit of attending a funeral. Participants found expression of personal grief and caring for the patient at the end-of-life and beyond beneficial to themselves and the family. Fear of their attendance being misinterpreted or perceived as not warranted by the family as well as time restraints were barriers for their attendance. Most anaesthetists had never attended a patient’s funeral. Few anaesthetists form close relationships with patients or their families. Respect, expression of grief and caring beyond life were perceived benefits of attendance. Families misinterpreting the purpose of attendance or not expecting their attendance and time restraints were commonly perceived barriers. Trial registration: ACTRN 12618000503224.

scholarly journals Sexual harassment and assault among university students in Norway: a cross-sectional prevalence study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e026993
Author(s):  
Børge Sivertsen ◽  
Morten Birkeland Nielsen ◽  
Ida E H Madsen ◽  
Marit Knapstad ◽  
Kari Jussie Lønning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
University Students ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
College And University ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Past

ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to provide estimates of both overall and specific forms of sexual harassment among male and female college and university students.Design and settingData stem from a recent national student health survey from 2018 for higher education in Norway (the SHoT study (Students’ Health and Wellbeing Study)).Participants50 054 full-time students (69.1% women) aged 18–35 years participated, yielding a response rate of 31%.Main outcome measureSexual harassment was defined according to Norwegian legal regulations, and was assessed by self-report on seven items covering verbal, non-verbal and physical sexual harassment. We also collected data on the timeframe and frequency of the sexual harassment, in addition to the formal position of the perpetrator of the harassment.ResultsLifetime sexual harassment was reported by 24.2% (women 31.3%, men 8.0%), while 16.7% (women 21.6%, men 5.7%) reported having been sexually harassed within the past year. The most common forms of lifetime (ever having experienced) sexual harassments were ‘sexual expressions, suggestions or comments about your body’ and ‘unwanted touching, hugging or kissing’ (both 15.4%), while rape and rape attempt were reported by 3.4% and 2.1%, respectively. Exposure to all forms of past-year sexual harassments was significantly more common among women and the youngest age cohorts. Fellow students committed the past-year sexual harassment in 18%–29% of the instances, while a university staff member was reported to have committed the harassment in 0.6%–4.6% of cases.ConclusionGiven the potential consequences suffered by those exposed to sexual harassment and assault, both the institutions and student welfare organisations should intensify their efforts to put the theme on the agenda and provide both legal and health services to victims of sexual harassment. The low response rate means that care should be taken in interpreting and generalising the findings to the whole student population.

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