scholarly journals Post Stroke Pain: Identification, Assessment, and Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Harrison ◽  
Thalia S. Field
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
And Function

Background: Pain is a common complication after stroke and is associated with the presence of depression, cognitive dysfunction, and impaired quality of life. It remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, despite evidence that effective treatment of pain may improve function and quality of life. Summary: We provide an overview of the means for clinical assessment and risk factors for the development of post-stroke pain, then review the newest available literature regarding the commonest post-stroke pain syndromes, including central post-stroke pain, complex regional pain syndrome, musculoskeletal pain including shoulder subluxation, spasticity-related pain, and post-stroke headache, as well as the available epidemiology and current treatment options. Key Messages: In the best interests of optimizing quality of life and function after stroke, clinicians should be aware of pain as a common complication after stroke, identify those patients at highest risk, directly inquire as to the presence and characteristics of pain, and should be aware of the options for treatment for the various pain syndromes.

scholarly journals Bone Metastases in Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Belzarena
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Skeletal Related Events ◽  
And Function

Lung cancer patients frequently present with to bone metastases. Such lesions are responsible for increased morbidity, low quality of life, and increased costs to patients and the health care system. Pain is the most common symptom; however, these lesions also present as skeletal related events (SRE) which include pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, spinal cord and nerve compressions and cause the need for surgery and/or radiotherapy. Even though bone metastases are associated with poor prognosis, current treatment multimodalities continue to improve survival. Awareness and effective treatment of these lesions is paramount to maintain a good quality of life and function in lung cancer patients.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: The burden of Cushing's disease: clinical and health-related quality of life aspects

2012 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Feelders ◽  
S J Pulgar ◽  
A Kempel ◽  
A M Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Time To Diagnosis ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

ObjectiveCushing's disease (CD) is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by excess secretion of ACTH due to a pituitary adenoma. Current treatment options are limited and may pose additional risks. A literature review was conducted to assess the holistic burden of CD.DesignStudies published in English were evaluated to address questions regarding the epidemiology of CD, time to diagnosis, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), treatment outcomes, mortality, prevalence of comorbidities at diagnosis, and reversibility of comorbidities following the treatment.MethodsA two-stage literature search was performed in Medline, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index, using keywords related to the epidemiology, treatment, and outcomes of CD: i) articles published from 2000 to 2012 were identified and ii) an additional hand search (all years) was conducted on the basis of bibliography of identified articles.ResultsAt the time of diagnosis, 58–85% of patients have hypertension, 32–41% are obese, 20–47% have diabetes mellitus, 50–81% have major depression, 31–50% have osteoporosis, and 38–71% have dyslipidemia. Remission rates following transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) are high when performed by expert pituitary surgeons (rates of 65–90%), but the potential for relapse remains (rates of 5–36%). Although some complications can be partially reversed, time to reversal can take years. The HRQoL of patients with CD also remains severely compromised after remission.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the significant burden associated with CD. As current treatment options may not fully reverse the burden of chronic hypercortisolism, there is a need for both improved diagnostic tools to reduce the time to diagnosis and effective therapy, particularly a targeted medical therapy.

scholarly journals The Experience of Post-Stroke Pain and The Impact on Quality of Life: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Hannah Payton ◽  
Andrew Soundy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
And Function ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

Background: Many people experience post-stroke pain (PSP). It is a long-term consequence of stroke that commonly goes unrecognised and untreated. As a result, an integrative review is needed to identify the primary factors that affect PSP and determine the impact on quality of life (QOL). Methods: An integrative review using a quantitatively led data synthesis, supported by qualitative evidence, was conducted. Results: Fourteen studies were identified and 2415 (968 females, 1447 males) people were included. Five primary themes were identified as effecting the experience of PSP; anxiety, depression, fatigue, cognitive function and physical function. Anxiety, depression and fatigue increase PSP. Pain, depression, fatigue and reduced physical function lower QOL. Conclusions: It is essential that clinicians recognise PSP in order to optimize QOL and function post-stroke. Further research is needed to employ a strategy to identify and objectively quantify PSP and its impact on QOL.

scholarly journals Measuring Quality of Life in Stroke Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
M. Tsalta-Mladenov ◽  
D. Georgieva ◽  
S. Andonova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Number Of Patients

Introduction: The number of patients living with the consequences of stroke is increasing worldwide due to the improving stroke care and the modern differentiated treatment options for ischemic stroke – thrombolysis and thrombectomy. Hence, a significant interest has arisen in quality of life (QOL) measurement in post-stroke patients. Objectives. Measuring QOL in stroke survivors can be achieved by using various generic and stroke specific questionnaires. All tools should assess different domains of health such as physical acting, communication, daily activities and others. This article describes the most commonly used scales for measuring post-stroke QOL. Methods. We searched the PubMed electronic databases with the keywords — Quality of life, Stroke, Measuring for the period from January 2000 to May 2020. Results. Various generic and specific scales for quality of life measuring are available. The advantages of the specific scales include high accuracy and detailed information for the assessed domains. The limitations are due to numerous items, long evaluation time and high dependency on patient’s compliance. The generic scales give the ability to compare the QOL in patients with different diseases. The disadvantage is lack of detailed information for the health status in certain disease or condition. Conclusion. Measuring the different aspects of QOL in post-stroke patients is powerful tool in order to focus the further efforts to the most affected domains. A combination between generic and stroke-specific measure might be considered in order to overcome the limitations. The choice of measuring scales must be balanced in the terms of lengthy and repetitive surveys.

scholarly journals A review of acquired blepharoptosis: prevalence, diagnosis, and current treatment options

Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Bacharach ◽  
Wendy W. Lee ◽  
Andrew R. Harrison ◽  
Thomas F. Freddo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Congenital Ptosis ◽  
Predominant Form

AbstractBlepharoptosis (ptosis) is among the most common disorders of the upper eyelid encountered in both optometric and ophthalmic practice. The unilateral or bilateral drooping of the upper eyelid that characterises ptosis can affect appearance and impair visual function, both of which can negatively impact quality of life. While there are several known forms of congenital ptosis, acquired ptosis (appearing later in life, due to a variety of causes) is the predominant form of the condition. This review summarises the prevalence, causes, identification, differential diagnosis, and treatment of acquired ptosis. Particular attention is paid to the differential diagnosis of acquired ptosis and emerging treatment options, including surgical and pharmacologic approaches.

scholarly journals Current treatment options and challenges in patients with Type 1 diabetes: Pharmacological, technical advances and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Boscari ◽  
Angelo Avogaro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Artificial Pancreas ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Current Treatment

AbstractType 1 diabetes mellitus imposes a significant burden of complications and mortality, despite important advances in treatment: subjects affected by this disease have also a worse quality of life-related to disease management. To overcome these challenges, different new approaches have been proposed, such as new insulin formulations or innovative devices. The introduction of insulin pumps allows a more physiological insulin administration with a reduction of HbA1c level and hypoglycemic risk. New continuous glucose monitoring systems with better accuracy have allowed, not only better glucose control, but also the improvement of the quality of life. Integration of these devices with control algorithms brought to the creation of the first artificial pancreas, able to independently gain metabolic control without the risk of hypo- and hyperglycemic crisis. This approach has revolutionized the management of diabetes both in terms of quality of life and glucose control. However, complete independence from exogenous insulin will be obtained only by biological approaches that foresee the replacement of functional beta cells obtained from stem cells: this will be a major challenge but the biggest hope for the subjects with type 1 diabetes. In this review, we will outline the current scenario of innovative diabetes management both from a technological and biological point of view, and we will also forecast some cutting-edge approaches to reduce the challenges that hamper the definitive cure of diabetes.

scholarly journals Focal Cryoablation of Prostate: A Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 486-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duke K. Bahn ◽  
Paul D. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Urinary Continence ◽  
Radical Therapy

Current treatment options for men with early localized prostate cancer are either some form of radical therapy or active surveillance. Radical therapy is usually associated with significant adverse effects that might jeopardize a man's quality of life. Some observers believe that PSA screening has resulted in the over diagnosis and over treatment of prostate cancer. Many men are being diagnosed with an early stage, small volume, unifocal or unilateral prostate cancer but are reluctant to accept watchful waiting or active surveillance. Focal cryoablation is the less than complete ablation of the gland with ice. Based on review of the limited amount of material available in the current literature, focal cryoablation can provide acceptable cancer control while preserving sexual potency and urinary continence. Focal cryoablation may fill a void in the therapeutic options available to patients with unifocal or unilateral prostate cancer who have a strong desire to maintain their quality of life.

Non-Hepatic Hyperammonemia: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Zhao ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Yunying Wang ◽  
Zengzheng Ge ◽  
Huadong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target

: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication in the acute phase of sepsis, and patients who develop SAE have a higher mortality rate, longer hospital stay, and worse quality of life than other sepsis patients. Although the incidence of SAE is as high as 70% in sepsis patients, no effective treatment is available for this condition. To develop an effective treatment for SAE, it is vital to explore its pathogenesis. It is known that hyperammonemia is a possible factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy as ammonia is a potent neurotoxin. Furthermore, our previous studies indicates that non-hepatic hyperammonemia seems to occur more often in sepsis patients; it was also found that >50% of sepsis patients with non-hepatic hyperammonemia exhibited encephalopathy and delirium. Substatistical analyses indicate that non-hepatic hyperammonemia is an independent risk factor for SAE. This study updates the definition, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of SAE; it also investigates the possible treatment options available for non-hepatic hyperammonemia in patients with sepsis, and the mechanisms by which non-hepatic hyperammonemia causes encephalopathy.

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