Single- vs. Two-Stage Fowler-Stephens Orchidopexy: Are Two Operations Better than One? A Retrospective, Single-Institution Critical Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evi Comploj ◽  
Michael Mian ◽  
Mark Koen ◽  
Christoph Berger ◽  
Tanja Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Better Than

Effect of female executives on Chinese cultural media enterprise efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Yung-Ho Chiu ◽  
Tai-Yu Lin ◽  
Hongyi Cen
Keyword(s):  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Female Executives ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Directors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cultural Media ◽  
Better Than

Purpose As more women are now being appointed to senior and top management positions and invited to sit on boards of directors, they are now directly participating in strategic company decision-making. As female directors have been found to provide new ideas, increase company competitiveness, efficiency and performance and bring a greater number of external resources to a company than male directors, this paper aims to put female directors as a variable into the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and statistical models to explore the effect of female directors on operating performances. The DEA first quantified and measured the company efficiencies, after which the statistical model analyzed the correlations between the variables to specifically identify the impact of female decision makers on the operating efficiencies in state-owned and private enterprises. Design/methodology/approach A novel two-stage, meta-hybrid dynamic DEA was developed to explore Chinese cultural media company efficiencies under optimal input and output resource allocations, after which Tobit Regression was applied to determine the effect of female executives on these efficiencies. Findings From 2012 to 2016, the overall efficiencies in Chinese state-owned cultural media enterprises were better than in the private cultural media enterprises. The overall technology gaps (TGs) in the state-owned cultural media enterprises were better than in the private cultural media enterprises. Originality/value Previous research has tended to focus on the causal relationships between female senior executives and business performances; however, there have been few studies on the relationships between female executives and company performance from an efficiency perspective (optimal resource allocation). This paper, therefore, is the first to develop a novel two-stage, meta-hybrid dynamic DEA to examine Chinese cultural media enterprise efficiencies, and the first to apply Tobit Regression to assess the effect of female executives on those efficiencies.

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE KOBER COLOUR AND ITTRICH FLUORESCENCE REACTIONS IN THE MEASUREMENT OF OESTRIOL, OESTRONE AND OESTRADIOL

1968 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. BROWN ◽  
CAROLINE MACNAUGHTAN ◽  
MARGERY A. SMITH ◽  
BARBARA SMYTH
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Colour Reaction ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARY Higher temperatures allow lower sulphuric acid concentrations and shorter heating times to be used in the Kober colour reaction for oestrogens. A one-stage reaction which is completed in 5 min. at 120° is described for oestrone and oestradiol, and a two-stage reaction which requires two periods of heating for 5 min. at 120° is described for oestriol. The conditions were applied to the Ittrich fluorescence procedure. A spectrophotofluorimetric correction was developed in which fluorescence was measured at wavelengths for excitation and emitted light near the optima for the oestrogens and at another combination at which the oestrogens produced virtually no fluorescence whereas that of impurities was not diminished. Extraction, centrifugation and fluorimetry were performed in specially designed cells. The sensitivity is 0·05–0·1 ng./sample with a linear response up to 300 ng. and a precision better than 4% in the range 1·0–100 ng.

scholarly journals Reasons of Polish young potential employees’ interest In a university as the employer vr perceiving its employees

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-51
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Izabela Baruk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Summary The article has a theoretical-empirical character. Its main goal was to identify reasons of young potential employees’ interest in working at a university. To prepare the theoretical part, the method of cognitive-critical analysis of world literature on marketing, management and HRM was applied. The results of this analysis show an existing cognitive gap and a research gap in the scope of considerations about reasons of interest of the mentioned group of employees in a university as the employer. Striving for reducing both gaps some empirical researches were conducted using the questionnaire method to gather the primary data which were analyzed statistically using the method of exploratory factor analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test, etc. The obtained results made it possible to check three research hypotheses. The possibility to perform a satisfying job was not the key reason for the respondents’ interest in working at a university. The internal structure of reasons for the respondents’ interest in a university as the employer was different for the following two groups: 1/people who think that university’s employees are perceived in Poland better than those who work in other organizations; 2/people who think that university’s employees are perceived in Poland as well as those who work in other organizations. The way of perceiving employees of an university was a feature statistically significantly differentiating the reasons of the respondents’ interest in starting work at the university only in the case of high social prestige and high wages.

completed machine would almost certainly be less than half that of a completed machine of the same kind. How s1(3) operates has been the subject of a detailed and critical analysis by Robert Goff J in the case of BP Exploration Co Ltd v Hunt (No 2), the defendant was granted a concession to explore for oil in Libya. He did not have the physical resources to carry out the exploration himself, so he sold a half share in the concession to BP, on condition that they would bear the initial cost of exploration. Accordingly, under this arrangement, BP’s expenses at the outset were likely to be very substantial, but on the assumption that oil was discovered, that expenditure would be recouped as oil continued to come on stream. The nature of the contract was that should oil not be discovered, the risk would be borne by BP, but, on the assumption that oil was discovered, BP’s expenses would be paid for out of the defendant’s receipts. Oil was discovered in 1967, but in 1971, the Libyan Government expropriated BP’s share of the concession and, in 1973, the defendant’s share was also expropriated. Accordingly, BP had received some payment, but this went only so far as to cover two-thirds of their initial expenditure. On the other hand, since the defendant had no expenses, all moneys received by him amounted to profit once the concession had been paid for. Goff J adopted a two stage approach to s1(3), stating that it was necessary first to identify and value what benefit had been conferred on the defendant, since on the wording of s1(3), this set a ceiling on the amount which could be awarded by way of a just sum. Secondly, it was necessary to award a just sum, taking account of the value of the benefit conferred and the cost to the performer of the work he had done prior to the frustrating event. For these purposes, the benefit to the defendant will be assessed by reference to the end product of the service provided by the other party: BP Exploration Co Ltd v Hunt (No 2) [1979] 1 WLR 783, p 799

1995 ◽  
pp. 388-392
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Physical Resources ◽  
The Subject ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Cost

Outcome of Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated with a Pediatric-Inspired Therapy: A Single Institution Experience

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 4337-4337
Author(s):  
Guillermo J. Ruiz-Delgado ◽  
Julio Macias-Gallardo ◽  
Julia Lutz-Presno ◽  
Maryel Montes-Montiel ◽  
Guillermo J. Ruiz-Arg\)elles
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
B Cell Malignancies ◽  
Secondary Diabetes ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Abstract 4337 The results of treatment of adults with ALL remain unsatisfactory. Pediatric-inspired treatments seem to be related with better outcomes. Eighty adult ALL patients were prospectively treated in a single institution in a 16-year period with a schedule based on the St. Jude's TOTAL XI pediatric protocol employing vincristine, prednisone, asparaginase, daunorubicin, etoposide, cytarabine, methotrexate, mercaptopurine and triple intratecal therapy. Median age was 31 years (range 18 – 86); 92% were B-cell malignancies and 14% were Ph1 (+). Ten patients did not complete the first course of chemotherapy and 4 exited early. 44 of 66 patents (67%) achieved a complete remission; relapses presented in 57%. The median probability of overall survival (OS) was 28 months, whereas the 144-month OS was 27%. The median probability of leukemia-free survival (LFS) was 28 months, and the 144-month LFS 35%. Ph1 (+) patients did worse than Ph1-negative and T-cell leukemias did better than B-cell ones. Concerning toxicity, eight patients had toxic deaths (12%), two developed acute pancreatitis and one secondary diabetes. This pediatric-inspired therapy rendered better results than those obtained in similar socioeconomic circumstances using adult-oriented treatments; tolerance was acceptable and costs were low since it employs affordable drugs and can be delivered as outpatients. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Comparison of estimators in one-phase two-stage Poisson sampling in forest inventories

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1865-1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mandallaz ◽  
Alexander Massey
Keyword(s):  
Small Area ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Random Sample Size ◽  
Poisson Sampling ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Concentric Circles ◽  
Better Than

In the context of Poisson sampling, numerous adjustments to classical estimators have been proposed that are intended to compensate for inflated variance due to random sample size. However, such adjustments have never been applied to extensive forest inventories. This work investigates the performances of four estimators for the timber volume in one-phase two-stage forest inventories, where trees in the first stage are selected, at the plot level, by concentric circles or angle-count methods and a subset thereof are selected by Poisson sampling for further measurements to get a better estimation. The original two-stage estimator is the sum of two components: the first is the mean of Horwitz–Thompson estimators using simple volume approximations, based on diameter and species alone, of all first-stage trees in each inventory plot, and the second is the mean of Horwitz–Thompson estimators based on the differences between the simple volume approximations and refined volume determinations based on further diameter and height measurements on the second-stage trees within each inventory plot. This two-stage estimator is particularly useful because it provides unbiased estimates even if the simple prediction model is not correct, which is particularly important for small area estimation. The other three estimators rely on adjustments of the second component of the original estimator that are adapted from estimators proposed in the literature by L.R. Grosenbaugh and C.-E. Särndal. It turns out that these adjustments introduce a negligible bias and that the original simple estimator performs just as well or even better than the new estimators with respect to the variance.

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