The Chromosomal Distribution of Microsatellite Repeats in the Genome of the Wolf Fish Hoplias malabaricus, Focusing on the Sex Chromosomes

2011 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.B. Cioffi ◽  
E. Kejnovsky ◽  
L.A.C. Bertollo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Hoplias Malabaricus ◽  
Microsatellite Repeats

scholarly journals A new sympatric region for distinct karyotypic forms of Hoplias malabaricus (Pisces, Erythrinidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (1b) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Born ◽  
L. A. C. Bertollo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Difference ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
Hoplias Malabaricus ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Sympatric Cytotypes

Specimens of Hoplias malabaricus from Lagoa Carioca, an isolated lake of the Rio Doce State Park (state of Minas Gerais, Brazil), were cytogenetically studied. The diploid number was found to be constant, i.e., 2n = 42 chromosomes, although two karyotypic forms were found: karyotype A, characterized by 22M + 20SM chromosomes, observed only in a male specimen, and karyotype B, characterized by 24M + 16SM + 2ST and 24M + 17SM + 1ST chromosomes in female and male specimens, respectively. This sex difference found in karyotype B is related to an XX/XY sex chromosome system. Another female specimen of H. malabaricus, also carrying karyotype A, had previously been found in the same lake. The available data indicate that two sympatric cytotypes of H. malabaricus exist in the Lagoa Carioca, with cytotype A occurring at a lower frequency and differing from cytotype B by undifferentiated sex chromosomes.

scholarly journals Early Stages of XY Sex Chromosomes Differentiation in the Fish Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) Revealed by DNA Repeats Accumulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Lourenco de Freitas ◽  
Ahmed Basheer Hamid Al-Rikabi ◽  
Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo ◽  
Tariq Ezaz ◽  
Cassia Fernanda Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Dna Repeats ◽  
Hoplias Malabaricus ◽  
Early Stages

scholarly journals Chromosomal distribution of cyto-nuclear genes in a dioecious plant with sex chromosomes

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Hough ◽  
J Arvid Agren ◽  
Spencer CH Barrett ◽  
Stephen I Wright
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Dioecious Plant ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Rumex Hastatulus ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Organismal Fitness

The coordination between nuclear and organellar genes is essential to many aspects of eukaryotic life, including basic metabolism, energy production, and ultimately, organismal fitness. Whereas nuclear genes are bi-parentally inherited, mitochondrial and chloroplast genes are almost exclusively maternally inherited, and this asymmetry may lead to a bias in the chromosomal distribution of nuclear genes whose products act in the mitochondria or chloroplasts. In particular, because X-linked genes have a higher probability of co-transmission with organellar genes (2/3) compared to autosomal genes (1/2), selection for co-adaptation has been predicted to lead to an over-representation of nuclear-mitochondrial (N-mt) or nuclear-chloroplast (N-cp) genes on the X chromosome relative to autosomes. In contrast, the occurrence of sexually antagonistic organellar mutations might lead to selection for movement of cyto-nuclear genes from the X chromosome to autosomes to reduce male mutation load. Recent broad-scale comparative studies of N-mt distributions in animals have found evidence for these hypotheses in some species, but not others. Here, we use transcriptome sequences to conduct the first study of the chromosomal distribution of cyto-nuclear interacting genes in a plant species with sex chromosomes (Rumex hastatulus; Polygonaceae). We found no evidence of under- or over-representation of either N-mt or N-cp genes on the X chromosome, and thus no support for either the co-adaptation or the sexual-conflict hypothesis. We discuss how our results from a species with recently evolved sex chromosomes fit into an emerging picture of the evolutionary forces governing the chromosomal distribution of N-mt and N-cp genes.

scholarly journals Chromosomal distribution of microsatellite repeats in Amazon cichlids genome (Pisces, Cichlidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Schneider ◽  
Maria Claudia Gross ◽  
Maria Leandra Terencio ◽  
Edika Sabrina Girão Mitozo Tavares ◽  
Cesar Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Microsatellite Repeats

scholarly journals Chromosomal Distribution of Cytonuclear Genes in a Dioecious Plant with Sex Chromosomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2439-2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Hough ◽  
J. Arvid Ågren ◽  
Spencer C.H. Barrett ◽  
Stephen I. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Dioecious Plant ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution

Tracking the evolutionary pathway of sex chromosomes among fishes: characterizing the unique XX/XY1Y2 system in Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei, Characiformes)

Chromosoma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezequiel Aguiar de Oliveira ◽  
Alexandr Sember ◽  
Luiz Antonio Carlos Bertollo ◽  
Cassia Fernanda Yano ◽  
Tariq Ezaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Hoplias Malabaricus

scholarly journals Adding New Pieces to the Puzzle of Karyotype Evolution in Harttia (Siluriformes, Loricariidae): Investigation of Amazonian Species

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 922
Author(s):  
Francisco de M. C. Sassi ◽  
Orlando Moreira-Filho ◽  
Geize A. Deon ◽  
Alexandr Sember ◽  
Luiz A. C. Bertollo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Chromosomal Distribution ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Male Genome ◽  
Rdna Sites

A remarkable morphological diversity and karyotype variability can be observed in the Neotropical armored catfish genus Harttia. These fishes offer a useful model to explore both the evolution of karyotypes and sex chromosomes, since many species possess male-heterogametic sex chromosome systems and a high rate of karyotype repatterning. Based on the karyotype organization, the chromosomal distribution of several repetitive DNA classes, and the rough estimates of genomic divergences at the intraspecific and interspecific levels via Comparative Genomic Hybridization, we identified shared diploid chromosome numbers (2n = 54) but different karyotype compositions in H. dissidens (20m + 26sm + 8a) and Harttia sp. 3 (16m + 18sm + 14st + 6a), and different 2n in H. guianensis (2n = 58; 20m + 26sm + 2st + 10a). All species further displayed similar patterns of chromosomal distribution concerning constitutive heterochromatin, 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sites, and most of the surveyed microsatellite motifs. Furthermore, differences in the distribution of 5S rDNA sites and a subset of microsatellite sequences were identified. Heteromorphic sex chromosomes were lacking in H. dissidens and H. guianensis at the scale of our analysis. However, one single chromosome pair in Harttia sp. 3 males presented a remarkable accumulation of male genome-derived probe after CGH, pointing to a tentative region of early sex chromosome differentiation. Thus, our data support already previously outlined evidence that Harttia is a vital model for the investigation of teleost karyotype and sex chromosome dynamics.

Chromosomal Evolution in the Amolops mantzorum Species Group (Ranidae; Anura) Narrated by Repetitive DNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Liu ◽  
Menghuan Song ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Yun Xia ◽  
Xiaomao Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Chromosomal Evolution ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Repetitive Dnas ◽  
Microsatellite Repeats ◽  
Heteromorphic Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
5S Rdna Sequence

In an attempt to analyze the organization of repetitive DNAs in the amphibian genome, 7 microsatellite motifs and a 5S rDNA sequence were synthesized and mapped in the karyotypes of 5 Amolops species. The results revealed nonrandom distribution of the microsatellite repeats, usually in the heterochromatic regions, as found in other organisms. These microsatellite repeats showed rapid changes among Amolops species, documenting the recent evolutionary history within this lineage. In contrast, 5S rDNA was localized in chromosomes 5 of all species, suggesting that these chromosomes are homologous within the monophyletic clade. Furthermore, the heteromorphic X and Y sex chromosomes (chromosomes 5) of A.mantzorum, had identical patterns of 5S rDNA, indicating that the subtelocentric Y resulted from a pericentric inversion. Several microsatellite repeats were found in the heteromorphic sex chromosomes, verifying the association of repetitive DNAs with sex chromosome differentiation in A. mantzorum.

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