Effect of a Diffusion Layer on the Nature of Enamel Demineralization

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Enamel Demineralization

MODELING THE ORGANIC REMOVAL AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION BY BIOFILMS IN AN OPEN-CHANNEL FLOW

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyu Li ◽  
Guang Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
River Water ◽  
Channel Flow ◽  
Diffusion Layer ◽  
Open Channel ◽  
Open Channel Flow ◽  
River Water Quality ◽  
Monod Kinetics ◽  
Organic Removal

A mathematical model is proposed to predict the removal of dissolved organic substances and the consumption of dissolved oxygen by attached biofilms in an open-channel flow. The model combines the biofilm equations with the conventional Streeter–Phelps type equations of river water quality by considering the mass transfer of organics and oxygen in the river water through the diffusion layer into the biofilm. It is assumed that the diffusion and reaction within the biofilm are of steady-state, and follow Monod kinetics. The model is solved numerically with a trial-and-error method. The simulation results of the model for an ideal case of river flow and biofilm show that the organic removal rate and oxygen consumption rate caused by the biofilm are greater than that by suspended biomass. The effects of diffusion layer thickness, flow velocity, and biofilm thickness on the change of river water quality are discussed.

Enamel demineralization model in primary teeth: Micro‐CT and SEM assessments of artificial incipient lesion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlete González‐Sotelo ◽  
Rosalía Contreras‐Bulnes ◽  
Laura E. Rodríguez‐Vilchis ◽  
Maria de los Angeles Moyaho‐Bernal ◽  
Efraín Rubio‐Rosas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Enamel Demineralization

scholarly journals Nanomaterials Application in Orthodontics

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Wojciech Zakrzewski ◽  
Maciej Dobrzynski ◽  
Wojciech Dobrzynski ◽  
Anna Zawadzka-Knefel ◽  
Mateusz Janecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Orthodontic Movement ◽  
Enamel Demineralization

Nanotechnology has gained importance in recent years due to its ability to enhance material properties, including antimicrobial characteristics. Nanotechnology is applicable in various aspects of orthodontics. This scientific work focuses on the concept of nanotechnology and its applications in the field of orthodontics, including, among others, enhancement of antimicrobial characteristics of orthodontic resins, leading to reduction of enamel demineralization or control of friction force during orthodontic movement. The latter one enables effective orthodontic treatment while using less force. Emphasis is put on antimicrobial and mechanical characteristics of nanomaterials during orthodontic treatment. The manuscript sums up the current knowledge about nanomaterials’ influence on orthodontic appliances.

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