Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in Fasting Neonatal Piglets

Neonatology ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Flecknell ◽  
W. Wootton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebral Metabolism in Normal and Intrauterine Growth Retarded Neonatal Piglets

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Flecknell ◽  
R. Wootton ◽  
Muriel John
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Fick Principle ◽  
The Brain

1. Cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolism were measured in conscious, normally grown neonatal piglets and in littermates which had undergone intrauterine growth retardation. 2. Cerebral blood flow was measured by the Kety-Schmidt technique using [125I]iodoantipyrine as the tracer. The tissue: blood partition coefficient of this tracer was measured in separate groups of growth retarded and normal animals. Cerebral utilization rates of glucose and oxygen were calculated from the arteriovenous concentration differences on the Fick principle. 3. The mean body weight of the growth retarded animals was about half that of their normally grown littermates, and liver weight was reduced in proportion. Brain weight was slightly but significantly lower in the growth retarded animals. 4. Cerebral blood flow was lower in the growth retarded piglets but the rates of cerebral utilization of oxygen and glucose were not significantly different in the two groups. The fractional extraction of arterial oxygen by the brain was significantly higher in the growth retarded animals. 5. The partition coefficient of ipdoantipyrine was significantly lower in the growth retarded animals, being about 75% of the normal value. It is clear that had the partition coefficients been assumed to have been the same in both groups the calculated cerebral blood flows would have been identical. 6. It is concluded that growth retarded neonatal piglets have relatively normal sized brains, with a rate of glucose and oxygen consumption that is not significantly different from normal, despite a reduction in cerebral blood flow of about 35%. Consequently the fractional extraction rate of arterial oxygen by the brain is increased from 50% to 70%.

Global and regional cerebral blood flow in neonatal piglets undergoing pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass with continuous perfusion at 25°C and circulatory arrest at 18°C

Perfusion ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akif Ündar ◽  
Takafumi Masai ◽  
Shuang-Qiang Yang ◽  
Harald C Eichstaedt ◽  
Mary Claire McGarry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
The Right

To investigate the influence of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (HCPB) at 25°C and circulatory arrest at 18°C on the global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) during pulsatile perfusion, we performed the following studies in a neonatal piglet model. Using a pediatric physiologic pulsatile pump, we subjected six piglets to deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) and six other piglets to HCPB. The DHCA group underwent hypothermia for 25 min, DHCA for 60min, cold reperfusion for 10 min, and rewarming for 40 min. The HCPB group underwent 15 min of cooling, followed by 60 min of HCPB, 10min of cold reperfusion, and 30 min of rewarming. The following variables remained constant in both groups: pump flow (150 ml/kg/min), pump rate (150 bpm), and stroke volume (1 ml/kg). During the 60-min aortic crossclamp period, the temperature was kept at 18°C for DHCA and at 25°C for HCPB. The global and regional CBF (ml/100g/min) was assessed with radiolabeled microspheres. The CBF was 48% lower during deep hypothermia at 18°C (before DHCA) than during hypothermia at 25°C (55.2± 14.3 ml/100 g/min vs 106.4±19.7 ml/100 g/min; p < 0.05). After rewarming, the global CBF was 45% lower in the DHCA group than in the HCPB group 48.3±18.1 ml/100 g/min vs (87±35.9 ml/100 g/min; p<0.05). Fifteen minutes after the termination of CPB, the global CBF was only 25% lower in the DHCA group than in the HCPB group (42.2±20.7 ml/100 g/min vs 56.4±25.8 ml/100 g/min; p=NS). In the right and left hemispheres, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and brain stem, blood flow resembled the global CBF. In conclusion, both HCPB and DHCA significantly decrease the regional and global CBF during CPB. Unlike HCPB, DHCA has a continued negative impact on the CBF after rewarming. However, 15 min after the end of CPB, there are no significant intergroup differences in the CBF.

scholarly journals Speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography of cerebral blood flow in perinatal disease model of neonatal piglets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Huang ◽  
Siavash Mazdeyasna ◽  
Mehrana Mohtasebi ◽  
Kathryn E. Saatman ◽  
Qiang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Speckle Contrast ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

scholarly journals Validation of diffuse correlation spectroscopy against 15O-water PET for regional cerebral blood flow measurement in neonatal piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2055-2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Giovannella ◽  
Bjørn Andresen ◽  
Julie B Andersen ◽  
Sahla El-Mahdaoui ◽  
Davide Contini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Individual Measurement ◽  
Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) can non-invasively and continuously asses regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at the cot-side by measuring a blood flow index (BFI) in non-traditional units of cm2/s. We have validated DCS against positron emission tomography using 15 O-labeled water (15O-water PET) in a piglet model allowing us to derive a conversion formula for BFI to rCBF in conventional units (ml/100g/min). Neonatal piglets were continuously monitored by the BabyLux device integrating DCS and time resolved near infrared spectroscopy (TRS) while acquiring 15 O-water PET scans at baseline, after injection of acetazolamide and during induced hypoxic episodes. BFI by DCS was highly correlated with rCBF (R = 0.94, p < 0.001) by PET. A scaling factor of 0.89 (limits of agreement for individual measurement: 0.56, 1.39)×109× (ml/100g/min)/(cm2/s) was used to derive baseline rCBF from baseline BFI measurements of another group of piglets and of healthy newborn infants showing an agreement with expected values. These results pave the way towards non-invasive, cot-side absolute CBF measurements by DCS on neonates.

The tissue–blood partition coefficient of iodoantipyrine in pig brain and its change with age

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wootton ◽  
P. A. Flecknell ◽  
J. P. Royston ◽  
M. John
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Brain Lipid ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Pig Brain ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sexually Mature

The tissue–blood partition coefficient of 125I-labelled iodoantipyrine was measured in pig brain. The mean coefficient for 11 neonatal piglets (aged 0.5 to 4 days) was 0.718 mL/g (SD 0.083). Measurements in a further 11 animals up to 144 days old (at which time pigs are sexually mature), showed that the partition coefficient increased significantly with age, possibly as a result of the accumulation of brain lipid during growth. The change in partition coefficient with age was curvilinear, rising to unity as the animals reached maturity. There were significant differences between the partition coefficients in grey and in white matter, but these were so small relative to the differences between pigs that they could be neglected for all practical purposes. Since the accuracy of measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) by the Kety–Schmidt technique depends directly on the partition coefficient of the tracer, it is important to confirm that apparent changes of CBF do not simply reflect alterations in the partition coefficient rather than real changes in blood flow.

Alterations in regional decreased cerebral blood flow in patients with irritable bowel syndrome-A PET imaging study

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A637-A637
Author(s):  
Y RINGEL ◽  
D DROSSMAN ◽  
T TURKINGTON ◽  
B BRADSHAW ◽  
R COLEMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Irritable Bowel
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