Interactions between Effector Cell Activity and Lymphokines: Implications for Recovery from Herpesvirus Infections

1978 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorne A. Babiuk ◽  
Barry T. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Effector Cell ◽  
Cell Activity

Cellular reactions against Burkitt lymphoma cells. III. Effector cell activity of leukocytes stimulatedin vitro with autochthonous cultured lymphoma cells

1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney H. Golub ◽  
Erik A. J. Svedmyr ◽  
John F. Hewetson ◽  
George Klein ◽  
Surjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Burkitt Lymphoma ◽  
Effector Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Lymphoma Cells

scholarly journals Structural Basis for Epitopes in the gp120 Cluster A Region that Invokes Potent Effector Cell Activity

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Tolbert ◽  
Rebekah Sherburn ◽  
Verna Van ◽  
Marzena Pazgier
Keyword(s):  
Viral Entry ◽  
Effector Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Detailed Structural Analysis ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Potent Effector

While a number of therapeutic options to control the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) now exist, a broadly effective preventive vaccine is still not available. Through detailed structural analysis of antibodies able to induce potent effector cell activity, a number of Env epitopes have been identified which have the potential to be considered vaccine candidates. These antibodies mainly target the gp120 Cluster A region which is only exposed upon viral binding to the target cell with epitopes becoming available for antibody binding during viral entry and fusion and, therefore, after the effective window for neutralizing antibody activity. This review will discuss recent advances in the structural characterization of these important targets with a special focus on epitopes that are involved in Fc-mediated effector function without direct viral neutralizing activities.

scholarly journals Effects of Porphyra tenera Supplementation on the Immune System: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Su-Jin Jung ◽  
Hui-Yeon Jang ◽  
Eun-Soo Jung ◽  
Soon-Ok Noh ◽  
Sang-Wook Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Effector Cell ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Nk Cell Activity ◽  
Porphyra Tenera ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if Porphyra tenera extract (PTE) has immune-enhancing effects and is safe in healthy adults. Methods: Subjects who met the inclusion criteria (3 × 103 ≤ peripheral blood leukocyte level ≥ 8 × 103 cells/µL) were recruited for this study. Enrolled subjects (n = 120) were randomly assigned to either the PTE group (n = 60) and were given 2.5 g/day of PTE (as PTE) in capsule form or the placebo group (n = 60) and were given crystal cellulose capsules with the identical appearance, weight, and flavor as the PTE capsules for 8 weeks. Outcomes were assessed based on measuring natural killer (NK) cell activity, cytokines level, and upper respiratory infection (URI), and safety parameters were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Results: Compared with baseline, NK cell activity (%) increased for all effector cell-to-target cell ratios in the PTE group after 8 weeks; however, changes were not observed in the placebo group (p < 0.10). Subgroup analysis of 101 subjects without URI showed that NK cell activity in the PTE group tended to increase for all effector cell/target cell (E:T) ratios (E:T = 12.5:1 p = 0.068; E:T = 25:1 p = 0.036; E:T = 50:1 p = 0.081) compared with the placebo group. A significant difference between the two groups was observed for the E:T = 25:1 ratio, which increased from 20.3 ± 12.0% at baseline to 23.2 ± 12.4% after 8 weeks in the PTE group (p = 0.036). A significant difference was not observed in cytokine between the two groups. Conclusion: PTE supplementation appears to enhance immune function by improving NK cell activity without adverse effects in healthy adults.

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