Immediate Hypersensitivity in the Guinea Pig Conjunctiva

1974 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 910-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.St.C. Dwyer ◽  
J.L. Turk ◽  
S. Darougar
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity

Immediate Hypersensitivity in the Guinea Pig Conjunctiva

1981 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.St.C. Dwyer ◽  
S. Darougar ◽  
B.R. Jones ◽  
J.L. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity

Pharmacologic Inhibition of Immediate Hypersensitivity in the Guinea Pig Conjunctiva

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. LEE STOCK ◽  
RAY ST. C. DWYER ◽  
BARRIE R. JONES ◽  
JOHN A. WATERS
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity ◽  
Pharmacologic Inhibition

Antigen depolarizes guinea pig bronchial parasympathetic ganglion neurons by activation of histamine H1 receptors

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. L879-L884 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Myers ◽  
B. J. Undem
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Membrane Resistance ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Parasympathetic Ganglion ◽  
Histamine H1 Receptors ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Studies were carried out to evaluate the mechanism by which neurotransmission through airway parasympathetic ganglia may be modulated during immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Guinea pigs were passively sensitized by injection of guinea pig serum containing high-titer anti-ovalbumin antibodies. Intracellular recordings were obtained from intrinsic parasympathetic ganglion neurons from the right mainstem bronchus in vitro. Ovalbumin (10 micrograms/ml) elicited a membrane potential depolarization and changes in membrane resistance in bronchial ganglion neurons from passively sensitized guinea pigs. Histamine mimicked the depolarizing effect of ovalbumin in a concentration-dependent manner (0.1–10 microM) and caused a transient increase and decrease in membrane resistance. Pyrilamine, a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, inhibited the histamine-induced membrane depolarization and decrease in resistance. By contrast, blocking histamine H2 and H3 receptors did not inhibit histamine-induced depolarization. Pyrilamine also reduced the antigen-induced depolarization of ganglion neurons, demonstrating a role for histamine H1 receptors in this response. The data provide evidence that the antigen-induced depolarization of airway ganglion neurons is secondary to an antigen-antibody interaction on intrinsic mast cells and the consequential effect of histamine on H1 receptors. These studies demonstrate that histamine released during an immediate hypersensitivity reaction has direct effects on airway parasympathetic nerves.

Immediate hypersensitivity reactions in the guinea-pig conjunctiva: studies with a second-generation leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist, MK-571

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 845-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Chung Chan ◽  
Francois Dagenais ◽  
Patricia Firby ◽  
Aidan Foster ◽  
Anthony W. Ford-Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Antigen Challenge ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity ◽  
Leukotriene D4 ◽  
Permeability Changes ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
D4 Receptor

The role of leukotriene D4 (LTD4) as a mediator of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in the guinea-pig conjunctiva was examined using a potent, second-generation LTD4 receptor antagonist, MK-571 (also known as L-660,711). The microvascular permeability changes in the guinea-pig conjunctiva following challenge with either LTD4 or antigen were measured through accumulation of intravenously administered 99mtechnetium-labeled albumin. Topical application of MK-571 (up to 2 h pretreatment) significantly inhibited the conjunctival responses to LTD4 (ED50 of 18–60 ng/eye) but not to histamine. The responses to a single topical antigen challenge in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs were significantly inhibited (44%) by topical treatment with MK-571, in contrast to the lack of effect previously observed with prototypic antagonists. The inhibitory effects of MK-571 did not involve an action on conversion of [3H]LTC4 to LTD4 and LTE4. Following a second antigen challenge (24 h after the first), MK-571 inhibited the resultant permeability changes by 78%. Specific histamine H1 and H2 antagonists similarly inhibited the responses to the first and second challenges (63 and 74%, respectively). The present study suggests that LTD4 is involved in conjunctival hypersensitivity reactions and that potent LTD4 receptor antagonists may be of therapeutic value in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.Key words: allergic conjunctivitis, leukotriene D4, leukotriene D4 antagonists, MK-571, vascular permeability changes.

scholarly journals IMMUNOLOGICAL SPECIFICITY OF DELAYED AND IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS

1962 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Benacerraf ◽  
B. B. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Carrier Protein ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Carrier Proteins ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity ◽  
Immunological Specificity ◽  
Delayed Reactions

The effects of the following parameters on the immunologic specificity of delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reactions were investigated in the guinea pig using the picryl and p-toluenesulfonyl systems: (a) the contribution of the carrier protein, (b) the effect of the number of hapten groups per molecule of the immunizing and challenging antigens, and (c) the effect of interposing a 6 carbon chain (ϵ-aminocaproic acid) between the hapten and its usual attachment to the lysine ϵ-NH2 groups of the carrier protein. It was found that induction of delayed hypersensitivity was accomplished equally well with both lightly and heavily coupled conjugates. Sensitized animals which gave strong delayed reactions to the immunizing conjugate cross-reacted poorly or not at all to (a) conjugates of the same hapten with a different carrier protein, or (b) conjugates differing from the immunizing conjugate by having an ϵ-aminocaproyl chain interposed between hapten and its attachment onto the carrier protein. Animals sensitized with either lightly or heavily substituted conjugates exhibited strong delayed reactions to both conjugates, but more intense reactions to the immunizing conjugate were always observed. In contrast to the marker carrier specificity exhibited by the delayed hypersensitivity reactions, immediate hypersensitivity reactions, (specific precipitation, Arthus, and PCA reactions) could be elicited equally well with hapten conjugates of all carrier proteins, as well as with conjugates containing ϵ-aminocaproyl chains interposed between hapten and the carrier protein, provided the number of hapten groups per molecule conjugate was sufficiently high. Both in inducing antibody response and in provoking immediate hypersensitivity reactions, heavily substituted conjugates were considerably more effective than were lightly substituted conjugates. Alternative explanations for these observed differences in specificity between immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions are discussed.

Affinity purified immunoglobulin G transfers immediate hypersensitivity to guinea pig colonic epithelium in vitro

1987 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.W. Baird ◽  
W.S. Barclay ◽  
B.L. Blazer-Yost ◽  
A.W. Cuthbert
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Colonic Epithelium ◽  
Immediate Hypersensitivity
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