Isolation by the Replica Plating Technique of the Mutants of Staph. aureus, Partially Resistant to Low Concentrations of Penicillin

Pathobiology ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
S. Banič
Keyword(s):  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Plating Technique ◽  
Replica Plating ◽  
Low Concentrations

REPLICA PLATING TECHNIQUE FOR STUDYING MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS IN SOIL

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stotzky
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Selective Inhibitors ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Plating Technique ◽  
Replica Plating ◽  
Plating Method

A replica plating method was developed to study ecology of microorganisms in soil. Precise placement of inocula and amendments at desired loci in sterile soil contained in petri plates were accomplished with a template. Subsequent growth and distribution of individual species, even when part of a mixed population, was measured by periodic transfer with an easily constructed replicator to agar plates of differing nutritional composition or containing selective inhibitors. The method is rapid and reproducible, and permits the study of many variables and interactions in a single soil plate; it can also be used with non-sterile soil and other suitable microbial habitats.

scholarly journals Experiments on Staphylococcus food poisoning

1938 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Minett
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Layer Cake ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
C 30 ◽  
Variable Susceptibility

1. Feeding tests on monkeys (Macacus rhesus), dogs and cats are unsatisfactory for detecting the presence of enterotoxin, owing to the variable susceptibility of these animals by the oral route.2. Using Dolman's method, in which the material is injected intra-peritoneally into kittens, the production of enterotoxin has been demonstrated by: (a) sixteen out of thirty-eight strains of Staph. aureus, isolated from cases of acute or chronic mastitis or from normal udder milk; (b) four out of five strains of Bact. coli, mostly from calves with “white scours”. No enterotoxin was obtained from fifteen strains of Str. agalactiae from mastitis in cows.3. The formation of enterotoxin under natural conditions has been observed: (a) In udder milk seeded with Staph. aureus or naturally contaminated with that organism and stored at atmospheric temperatures (18 and 22°C.). The substance remains active in cheese prepared from such milk. (b) In layer cake made with cream naturally contaminated with Staph. aureus.4. A small outbreak of poisoning due to potted meat paste was shown to be caused by a non-haemolytic Staphylococcus.5. A few feeding experiments on man with milk or cream, in which food-poisoning staphylococci had grown, were negative, but on one occasion a Staphylococcus from a case of mastitis yielded a culture filtrate which caused symptoms of food poisoning.6. Enterotoxin has the following properties. It is resistant to heat (95°C., 30 min.), to low concentrations of formalin sufficient to destroy the haemolytic toxin, to acid (pH 5·0), and to rennet, but is destroyed by trypsin.It diffuses freely into the culture medium but only slightly through collodion. It is antigenic. Its properties are such that enterotoxin can be classed as a bacterial exotoxin.

A Photographic Method for the Detection of Rare Bacterial Mutants in the Replica Plating Technique

Nature ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 199 (4889) ◽  
pp. 198-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. VAN DE POL ◽  
C. M. A. VENDRIG ◽  
G. A. VAN ARKEL
Keyword(s):  
Photographic Method ◽  
Plating Technique ◽  
Replica Plating ◽  
Bacterial Mutants

Changes in cutaneous flora after wet occlusion

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bibel ◽  
Joseph R. LeBrun
Keyword(s):  
Enterobacter Aerogenes ◽  
Plating Technique ◽  
Replica Plating ◽  
Subgroup Ii ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Recovery Response ◽  
Aerobic Flora ◽  
Almost All

Aerobic flora from wet-occluded forearms of six volunteers was sampled the day before treatment, on the 3rd day when dressings were removed, and daily, when possible, for 8 days thereafter. Erythema was not present. All bacterial colonies appearing on appropriate dilution plates were identified with the aid of a replica-plating technique. Flora of each individual increased to over 104 colony-forming units/cm2 as a result of wet-occlusion, but counts rapidly fell by about 102 units once dressings were removed. Although similar types of bacteria were found on all subjects, the composition of each individual's flora during the recovery response appeared to be unique. Enterobacteriaceae were found on half the subjects with Enterobacter aerogenes being the most successful colonizer. Besides the expected presence of Baird-Parker Staphylococcus subgroup II, high numbers of subgroup IV and some colonies of subgroup III were also observed. Almost all cutaneous diphtheroids were lipophilic and lipolytic.

scholarly journals A rapid and efficient replica plating technique

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Wood ◽  
Suresh K. Mahajan
Keyword(s):  
Plating Technique ◽  
Replica Plating ◽  
Operator Error ◽  
New Type

SUMMARYA new type of apparatus for replica plating is described, which reduces operator error and fatigue. Several replica plates can be made immediately, thus eliminating the need for a master plate in many cases.

scholarly journals Alternative Replica Plating Technique

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Börje Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Plating Technique ◽  
Replica Plating
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