Social Behaviour and ‘Agonistic Buffering’ in the Wild Barbary Macaque Macaca sylvana L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 183-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Deag ◽  
J.H. Crook
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Barbary Macaque ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Agonistic Buffering

‘Agonistic buffering’ in the wild barbary macaque,Macaca sylvana L.

Primates ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten ◽  
Thelma J. Rumsey
Keyword(s):  
Barbary Macaque ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Agonistic Buffering

Social Behaviour in the Wild Rabbit

Nature ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 181 (4622) ◽  
pp. 1515-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. MYERS ◽  
R. MYKYTOWYCZ
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Wild Rabbit ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals Individual-level personality influences social foraging and collective behaviour in wild birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1789) ◽  
pp. 20141016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M. Aplin ◽  
Damien R. Farine ◽  
Richard P. Mann ◽  
Ben C. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Collective Decision ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Simple Interaction

There is increasing evidence that animal groups can maintain coordinated behaviour and make collective decisions based on simple interaction rules. Effective collective action may be further facilitated by individual variation within groups, particularly through leader–follower polymorphisms. Recent studies have suggested that individual-level personality traits influence the degree to which individuals use social information, are attracted to conspecifics, or act as leaders/followers. However, evidence is equivocal and largely limited to laboratory studies. We use an automated data-collection system to conduct an experiment testing the relationship between personality and collective decision-making in the wild. First, we report that foraging flocks of great tits ( Parus major ) show strikingly synchronous behaviour. A predictive model of collective decision-making replicates patterns well, suggesting simple interaction rules are sufficient to explain the observed social behaviour. Second, within groups, individuals with more reactive personalities behave more collectively, moving to within-flock areas of higher density. By contrast, proactive individuals tend to move to and feed at spatial periphery of flocks. Finally, comparing alternative simulations of flocking with empirical data, we demonstrate that variation in personality promotes within-patch movement while maintaining group cohesion. Our results illustrate the importance of incorporating individual variability in models of social behaviour.

scholarly journals Social behaviour and vocalizations of the tent-roosting Honduran White Bat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahana Aurora Fernandez ◽  
Christian Schmidt ◽  
Stefanie Schmidt ◽  
Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera ◽  
Mirjam Knörnschild
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Group Stability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interesting Candidate ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Contact Calls

Bats are highly gregarious animals, displaying a large spectrum of social systems with different organizational structures. One important factor shaping sociality is group stability. To maintain group cohesion and stability, bats often rely on social vocal communication. The Honduran white bat, Ectophylla alba exhibits an unusual social structure compared to other tent-roosting species. This small white-furred bat lives in perennial stable mixed-sex groups. Tent construction requires several individuals and, as the only tent roosting species so far, involves both sexes. The bats´ social system and ecology render this species an interesting candidate to study social behaviour and social vocal communication. In our study, we investigated the social behaviour and vocalizations of E. alba in the tent by observing two stable groups, including pups, in the wild. We documented 16 different behaviours, among others, play and fur chewing, a behaviour presumably used for scent-marking. Moreover, we found 10 distinct social call types in addition to echolocation calls, and, for seven call types, we were able to identify the corresponding behavioural context. Most of the social call types were affiliative, including two types of contact calls, maternal directives, pup isolation calls and a call type related to the fur-chewing behaviour. In sum, this study entails an ethogram and describes the first vocal repertoire of a tent-roosting phyllostomid bat, providing the basis for further in-depth studies about the sociality and vocal communication in E. alba .

scholarly journals Social behaviour and vocalizations of the tent-roosting Honduran white bat

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0248452
Author(s):  
Ahana Aurora Fernandez ◽  
Christian Schmidt ◽  
Stefanie Schmidt ◽  
Bernal Rodríguez-Herrera ◽  
Mirjam Knörnschild
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Vocal Communication ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Group Stability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interesting Candidate ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Contact Calls

Bats are highly gregarious animals, displaying a large spectrum of social systems with different organizational structures. One important factor shaping sociality is group stability. To maintain group cohesion and stability, bats often rely on vocal communication. The Honduran white bat, Ectophylla alba, exhibits an unusual social structure compared to other tent-roosting species. This small white-furred bat lives in perennial stable mixed-sex groups. Tent construction requires several individuals and, as the only tent roosting species so far, involves both sexes. The bats´ social system and ecology render this species an interesting candidate to study social behaviour and vocal communication. In our study, we investigated the social behaviour and vocalizations of E. alba in the tent by observing two stable groups, including pups, in the wild. We documented 16 different behaviours, among others play and fur chewing, a behaviour presumably used for scent-marking. Moreover, we found 10 distinct social call types in addition to echolocation calls, and for seven call types we were able to identify the corresponding broad behavioural context. Most of the social call types were affiliative, including two types of contact calls, maternal directive calls, pup isolation calls and a call type related to the fur-chewing behaviour. In sum, this study entails an ethogram and describes the social vocalizations of a tent-roosting phyllostomid bat, providing the basis for further in-depth studies about the sociality and vocal communication in E. alba.

An Analysis of the Social Behaviour of the Male Laboratory Rat

Behaviour ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 260-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.C. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Home Cage ◽  
Expected Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Laboratory Rat ◽  
The Social ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractAn analysis is made of the social behaviour of the male laboratory rat using the following methods. One rat is introduced into the home cage of another. One observer records the series of elements shown by each rat. These results are tabulated in sequence tables of elements. The tables are analysed by calculating an "expected" value for each cell and comparing this with the observed value. An ethogram is built up showing the relationships of the elements seen when the rats are close together and indicating the possible motivation of these elements in terms of the interaction of Aggression and Flight. It is shown that the Flight motivated elements fall into two groups, one leading to Crouch and the other leading to Submissive Posture. The occurrence of grooming and digging as displacement activities is shown and is contrasted to the occurrence of mounting which appears to be separately aroused in male-male situations. A group of elements occurring when the rats are at a distance from each other, and showing conflict between approach and avoidance, is described. It is suggested that there are two main Flight pathways, one leading to a Submissive Posture and the other to Crouch or Retreat, the occurrence of these is related to two types of behaviour seen in the wild, intra-colonial and territorial. Finally, the possible occurrence of an Approach component other than Aggression or Mating, which might be called a social drive, is suggested.

scholarly journals The social life of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus)

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manon K Schweinfurth
Keyword(s):  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Norway Rat ◽  
Natural Behaviour ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wild Rats

The Norway rat has important impacts on our life. They are amongst the most used research subjects, resulting in ground-breaking advances. At the same time, wild rats live in close association with us, leading to various adverse interactions. In face of this relevance, it is surprising how little is known about their natural behaviour. While recent laboratory studies revealed their complex social skills, little is known about their social behaviour in the wild. An integration of these different scientific approaches is crucial to understand their social life, which will enable us to design more valid research paradigms, develop more effective management strategies, and to provide better welfare standards. Hence, I first summarise the literature on their natural social behaviour. Second, I provide an overview of recent developments concerning their social cognition. Third, I illustrate why an integration of these areas would be beneficial to optimise our interactions with them.

scholarly journals A park for the Barbary macaques of Gibraltar?

Oryx ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Fa
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
North Africa ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Barbary Macaque ◽  
Barbary Macaques ◽  
Education Centre ◽  
In The Wild

The two Barbary macaque troops on the Rock of Gibraltar have long attracted countless numbers of tourists, yet no benefit to this endangered species has ever resulted. Rather, some visitors feed and disturb the monkeys of the Queen's Gate group, with drastic consequences for their activity, breeding and general condition. The author, who has worked with the species on the Rock and in the wild in North Africa, proposes the establishment of a park, which would protect the Queen's Gate troop, generate funds for conservation, and act as an education centre.

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