Immunocytochemical Localization of Vimentin in the Posterior Lobe of the Cat, Rabbit and Rat Pituitary Glands

1989 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Marin ◽  
J. Boya ◽  
A. Lopez-Carbonell
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Immunocytochemical Localization ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands

Pituitary Follicular Cells: Their Origin, Possible Function and Fate

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
E. Horvath ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
G. Penz ◽  
C. Ezrin
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Junctional Complexes

Follicular structures, in the rat pituitary, composed of cells joined by junctional complexes and possessing few organelles and few, if any, secretory granules, were first described by Farquhar in 1957. Cells of the same description have since been observed in several species including man. The importance of these cells, however, remains obscure. While studying human pituitary glands, we have observed wide variations in the fine structure of follicular cells which may lead to a better understanding of their morphogenesis and significance.

FRACTIONATION AND ANALYSIS OF MONKEY PITUITARY GLANDS FOR POSTERIOR LOBE HORMONES

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell N. Ward ◽  
Earl F. Walborg ◽  
Harry S. Lipscomb ◽  
Roger Guillemin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Counter Current ◽  
Counter Current Distribution

ABSTRACT Fractionation of monkey pituitary glands gave an oxytocin fraction in low yield which showed a counter-current distribution coefficient equivalent to that obtained with oxytocin from other species. Fractionation and chromatography of monkey vasopressin on carboxymethyl cellulose gave arginine-vasopressin of 60% purity, based on amino acid analysis and specific activity. Counter-current distribution on a small scale gave arginine-vasopressin of 89% purity. Reports by others that monkey pituitary glands contain arginine-vasopressin, based on pharmacological activities, are substantiated by the chemical data presented here.

Expression of Ptx1 in the adult rat pituitary glands and pituitary cell lines: hormone-secreting cells and folliculo-stellate cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 298 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiko Kurotani ◽  
Shigeyuki Tahara ◽  
Naoko Sanno ◽  
Akira Teramoto ◽  
Pamela L. Mellon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Pituitary Cell ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands

scholarly journals A New Approach to Three-dimensional Reconstructed Imaging of Hormone-secreting Cells and Their Microvessel Environments in Rat Pituitary Glands by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Itoh ◽  
K. Kawai ◽  
A. Serizawa ◽  
K. Yasumura ◽  
K. Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
The Relationship

There has been considerable interest in the relationship between hormone-secreting endocrine cells and their microvessels in human pituitary gland. However, microcirculatory networks have rarely been studied in three dimensions (3D). This study was designed to visualize and to reveal the relationship between hormone-secreting endocrine cells and their microvessel environment in 3D, using rat pituitary glands under various (hyper/hypo) experimental conditions by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Female adult Wistar rats were used after bilateral adrenalectomy or ACTH administration for 2 weeks. Clear 3D reconstructed images of ACTH cells, the microvessel network and counterstained nuclei were obtained at a maximal focus depth of 1 mm by CLSM without any background noise. In the hyperfunctional state, slender cytoplasmic processes of hypertrophic stellate ACTH cells frequently extended to the microvessels. In the hypofunctional state, ACTH cells appeared atrophic and round with scanty cytoplasm, and cytoplasmic adhesions to microvessel network patterns were inconspicuous. Therefore, 3D reconstructed imaging by CLSM is a useful technique with which to investigate the microvessel environment of hormone-secreting cells and has the potential to reveal dynamic hormone-secreting pathways.

scholarly journals Immunocytochemical demonstration of tissue-type plasminogen activator in endocrine cells of the rat pituitary gland.

1985 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kristensen ◽  
L S Nielsen ◽  
J Grøndahl-Hansen ◽  
P B Andresen ◽  
L I Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Intermediate Lobe ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Rat Pituitary

We immunocytochemically stained rat pituitary glands using antibodies against plasminogen activators of the tissue type (t-PA) and the urokinase type (u-PA). A large population of endocrine cells in the anterior lobe of the gland displayed intense cytoplasmic immunoreactivity with anti-t-PA. In some areas of the intermediate lobe we found a weak staining, and we observed weakly staining granular structures in the posterior lobe. Controls included absorption of the antibodies with highly purified t-PA. In addition, SDS PAGE followed by immunoblotting of pituitary gland extracts revealed only one band with an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of t-PA when stained with anti-t-PA IgG. No u-PA immunoreactivity was detected in the rat pituitary gland. Sequential staining experiments using antibodies against growth hormone and t-PA demonstrated that the t-PA-immunoreactive cells constitute a large subpopulation of the growth hormone-containing cells. These findings represent the first direct evidence for the presence of t-PA in cell types other than endothelial cells in the intact normal organism. In this article we discuss the implications of the results for a possible role of t-PA in the posttranslational processing of prohormones.

scholarly journals Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Dopamine Transporter Expression in Lactotrophs from Postlactating Rats: Involvement in Dopamine-Induced Apoptosis

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 2698-2707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Jaubert ◽  
Guillaume Drutel ◽  
Thierry Leste-Lasserre ◽  
François Ichas ◽  
Laurence Bresson-Bepoldin
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Loss ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Transporter Expression

Cessation of lactation causes a massive loss of surplus lactotrophs in the rat pituitary gland. The factors and mechanisms involved in this phenomenon have not yet been elucidated. Besides its inhibitory control on prolactin secretion and lactotroph proliferation, evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) may be a proapoptotic factor for lactotrophs. We therefore tested the proapoptotic effect of DA on pituitary glands from virgin, lactating, and postlactating rats. By measuring mitochondrial membrane potential loss, caspase-3 activation, and nuclear fragmentation, we show that DA induces apoptosis specifically in lactotrophs from postlactating rats. We then determined that this effect was partly mediated by the DA transporter (DAT) rather than the D2 receptor, as corroborated by the detection of DAT expression exclusively in lactotrophs from postlactating rats. We also observed tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in postlactating lactotrophs that was accompanied by an increase in DA content in the anterior pituitary gland of postlactating compared with virgin rats. Finally, we observed that cells expressing TH coexpressed DAT and cleaved caspase-3. These findings show that DA may play a role in lactotroph regression during the postlactation period by inducing apoptosis. The fact that this process requires DAT and TH expression by lactotrophs themselves suggests that it may be “autocrine” in nature.

DISTRIBUTION OF ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE IN THE PITUITARY GLAND

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
G. J. Rochefort ◽  
M. Saffran
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Posterior Lobe ◽  
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Glands

The highly vascular, anteromedial zone of hog and beef pituitary glands, which is rich in basophilic cells, contains a concentration of ACTH from 4 to 13 times that found in the rest of the adenohypophysis. The concentration of ACTH can be correlated (r = 0.96) with the relative proportion of basophilic cells, supporting the view that the pituitary basophiles are the source of ACTH. The distribution of both basophiles and ACTH in the rat adenohypophysis is more uniform than in hog or beef glands. The posterior lobe of all species examined (rat, hog, beef, and man) contains small, but significant, amounts of ACTH.

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