Excised Human Neoplastic Tissues Are More Sensitive to Heat than the Adjacent Normal Tissues

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Maehara ◽  
T. Kusumoto ◽  
H. Kusumoto ◽  
H. Anai ◽  
K. Akazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

scholarly journals The effect of tumour-bearing on 2-deoxy[U-14C]glucose uptake in normal and neoplastic tissues in the rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Rofe ◽  
C S Bourgeois ◽  
R Bais ◽  
R A Conyers
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Tracer Technique ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Tumour Bearing ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

The extent to which normal and neoplastic tissues of the rate take up glucose was assessed by the 2-deoxy[U-14C]glucose tracer technique. Measurements of glucose uptake were made over 40 min in anaesthetized rats under conditions where the blood glucose concentration was constant. In fed tumour-bearing rats, the relative rates of glucose uptake per g wet wt. of tissue were tumour (100), small intestine (72), brain (61), heart (61), spleen (50), lung (42), adipose tissue (11) and muscle (8). Normal tissues of the fed tumour-bearing rats had decreased rates of glucose uptake as compared with the same tissues in fed non-tumour-bearing control rats. Blood glucose concentrations were similar in both groups, but insulin concentrations were decreased in tumour-bearing rats. Starvation decreased the rates of glucose uptake by normal tissues in both control and tumour-bearing rats, but the difference between the fed and starved states was greater in the control rats. Starvation did not decrease glucose uptake by the tumour. On an organ basis, the tumour (12-14% of body wt.) took up 4 times more glucose than did muscle (40% of body wt.).

Characterization of mast cells according to their content of tryptase and chymase in normal and neoplastic human uterine cervix

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Cabanillas-Saez ◽  
J. A Schalper ◽  
S. M Nicovani ◽  
M. I Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

Abstract.Cabanillas-Saez A, Schalper JA, Nicovani SM, Rudolph MI. Characterization of mast cells according to their content of tryptase and chymase in normal and neoplastic human uterine cervix.Mast cells (MC) have been associated with diverse human cancers. The primary function of these cells is to store and release a number of biologically active mediators, including the serine proteases tryptase and chymase. These proteases have been closely related with angiogenesis and tumor invasion, two critical steps during tumor progression. In the present work we analyzed the presence of MC in human uterine cervix from both normal and neoplastic tissues by using metachromatic, immunohistochemical, and enzymohistochemical staining. Tryptase-positive (MCT)– and tryptase/chymase-positive (MCTC)–mast cells were found in both normal and neoplastic tissues. The phenotype predominantly expressed in normal tissues as well as in benign and malignant lesions of the uterine cervix was the MCT. The total number of MC remained constant through the different stages of malignant transformation (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1–3) but a significant increase in the invasive carcinoma (IC) group was observed, this increase being mainly due to the MCT phenotype. Furthermore, we detected abundant MCT but not MCTC infiltrating tumors in sections of IC. Regarding the potent angiogenic properties described for tryptase, these findings suggest that in advanced stages of malignancy the significant number of MCT distributed within the cervical tissues could provide an effective mechanism to create the abundantly vascularized microenvironment required for tumor cells to proliferate and disseminate.

scholarly journals MiRNA-21, miRNA-10b, and miRNA-34a Expression in Canine Mammary Gland Neoplasms

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Łosiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Chmielewska-Krzesińska ◽  
Piotr Socha ◽  
Anna Jakimiuk ◽  
Krzysztof Wąsowicz
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Taqman Probes ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Canine Mammary Gland ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

Abstract The expression of miRNA-21, miRNA-10b, and miRNA-34a in malignant and benign tumours and non-neoplastic lesions in canine mammary gland, using real-time PCR with TaqMan probes was determined. The expression in normal tissues was compared to neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions using one-way ANOVA test. Significant changes in miRNA expression in neoplastic tissues, as compared to normal ones, were demonstrated. In all neoplastic tissues, the miRNA-21 expression increased while in non-neoplastic lesions slightly decreased in comparison to normal ones. MiRNA-10b expression in malignant and benign tumours increased in comparison to normal tissues and non-neoplastic lesions. MiRNA-34a expression profile in neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissues differed from other examined miRNAs (miRNA-21 and miRNA-10b). In all samples miRNA-34a expression level decreased in comparison to normal tissues.

scholarly journals Clinical Experience Using a Real Time Autofluorescence Endoscopy System in the Gastrointestinal Tract

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Ogihara ◽  
Haruo Watanabe ◽  
Akihiro Namihisa ◽  
Osamu Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroto Miwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
White Light Endoscopy ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Autofluorescence Endoscopy ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

Autofluorescence spectra of neoplastic tissues have been reported to be significantly different from those of normal tissues when excited by blue or violet light. From this concept, a light-induced autofluorescence endoscopic imaging system for gastrointestinal mucosa (LIFE-GI; Xillix, Canada and Olympus, Japan) has been newly developed and the clinical evaluation of the prototype system has been conducted in hospitals in Canada, Netherlands and Japan.We examined the clinical usefulness of the prototype LIFE-GI system for the detection of gastrointestinal cancer and high and low grade dysplasia. The LIFE-GI system was also applied to the early detection of remnant lesions after endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer and to the detection of laterally spreading superficial colonic tumors.This system has potential application for the diagnosis of dysplastic lesions and early cancers in the gastrointestinal tract as an adjunct to ordinary white light endoscopy. This system, which needs no administration of a photosensitive agent, may be suitable as a screening method for the early detection of neoplastic tissues.

scholarly journals mASH1 is Highly Specific for Neuroendocrine Carcinomas: An Immunohistochemical Evaluation on Normal and Various Neoplastic Tissues

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Altree-Tacha ◽  
Jillian Tyrrell ◽  
Faqian Li
Keyword(s):  
Cell Layer ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

Context.—High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas and carcinoids can arise in different sites such as lung, gastrointestinal tract, prostate, and skin. Classic neuroendocrine markers such as CD56, synaptophysin, and chromogranin cannot distinguish carcinoids from high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas. Recently, mouse monoclonal mASH1 has been shown to help discriminate carcinoids from high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas in various neoplastic sites. To date, there have been no comprehensive immunohistochemistry studies with mASH1 on nonneuroendocrine neoplasms. Objective.—To evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of mASH1 in various normal and neoplastic tissues, including lung cancers. Design.—Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays consisting of normal tissues and various neoplastic tissues were immunohistochemically evaluated with mASH1. Results.—In normal tissues (n = 30), mASH1 (nuclear staining) was sparsely expressed in the molecular cell layer, white matter, and granular cell layer of cerebellum; C cells in thyroid; and epithelial cells in thymus. In lung cancers, mASH1 stained 1.1% (1 of 93) of adenocarcinomas, 0.9% (1 of 111) of squamous cell carcinomas, 0% (0 of 30) of large cell carcinomas, 66.7% (6 of 9) of large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas, and 82.5% (94 of 114) of small cell carcinomas. In various other neoplastic tissues (n = 1114), mASH1 was expressed in thyroid medullary carcinomas, thymic carcinomas, and brain cancers; mASH1 was also expressed in a very low percentage of breast carcinomas, ovarian cancers, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. All typical carcinoids of various sites were negative (0 of 11), however, in lung atypical carcinoids, mASH1 was expressed in 42.9% (9 of 21). Conclusions.—Although not organ specific, mASH1 is highly specific for high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas versus carcinoids and other nonneuroendocrine neoplasms.

Creatine kinase activity and isoenzyme pattern in various normal tissues and neoplasms.

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2040-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
S H Tsung
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Isoenzyme Pattern ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Bulky Tumor ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Neoplastic Tissues

Abstract I measured total creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) activity and isoenzyme pattern in normal and neoplastic tissues. CK activity was detected in all of them examined. In various tumors it was greater than, less than, or the same as that in normal tissue, no clear correlation being seen between total activity and growth rate or degree of differentiation. In several cases, there was a greater proportion of the CK-MM isoenzyme, and 15 of 53 cases showed an atypical CK-MM band. The atypical CK-MM band, also reported by others, might be an insensitive and nonspecific tumor marker. The CK-BB isoenzyme, ubiquitous in neoplastic tissues, might accordingly be a nonspecific marker. Total CK activity was very low in most tumor tissues. Presumably a bulky tumor or an advanced stage of malignancy is a requisite to release of routinely detectable CK-BB into the circulation.

Surface Ultrastructure of Human Ectocervix in Certain Pathological Conditions

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 570-571
Author(s):  
S. Mukherjee ◽  
T. Guha ◽  
B. Chakrabarti ◽  
P. Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Hexagonal Shape ◽  
Columnar Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron

The cervix is an important organ in reproduction. Its malfunction is frequently a factor for infertility. Ectocervix region does not appear to have received much attention although many studies have been reported on the endocervix. We report here our SEM observations on ectocervix in certain pathological conditions compared to normal ectocervix.Ectocervix specimens from human females with specific pathological disorders were processed for Scanning Electron Microscopy by conventional method and they were examined in a Philips SEM.The normal ectocervix is lined by flat layer of squamous epithelial cells with microridges (Fig. 1). These cells are known to be formed from columnar cells through metaplastic transformation. The cells of carcinoma-bearing ectocervix show a disorganised appearance (Fig. 2). In non-malignant tumour surface some cuboidal and few columnar cells were seen (Fig. 3). A cyst appears like an overgrowth on the surface of the squamous epithelium (Fig. 4). In ulcerated ectocervix a marked reduction of epithelial cells are observed (Fig. 5); the cells are devoid of microridges and, the large polygonal cells, as observed in normal tissues, have somehow acquired comparatively small hexagonal shape

Glucose metabolism in cancer cells: immunogold localization of hexokinase to the outer mitochondrial membrane

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 1044-1045
Author(s):  
Krishan K. Arora ◽  
Glenn L. Decker ◽  
Peter L. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Outer Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Immunogold Localization ◽  
Hexokinase Activity ◽  
Normal Tissues

Hexokinase (ATP: D-hexose 6-phophotransferase EC 2.7.1.1) is the first enzyme of the glycolytic pathway which commits glucose to catabolism by catalyzing the phosphorylation of glucose with ATP. Previous studies have shown diat hexokinase activity is markedly elevated in rapidly growing tumor cells exhibiting high glucose catabolic rates. A large fraction (50-80%) of this enzyme activity is bound to the mitochondrial fraction (1,2) where it has preferred access to ATP (3). In contrast,the hexokinase activity of normal tissues is quite low, with one exception being brain which is a glucose-utilizing tissue (4). Biochemical evidence involving rigorous subfractionation studies have revealed striking differences between the subcellular distribution of hexokinase in normal and tumor cells [See review by Arora et al (4)].In the present report, we have utilized immunogold labeling techniques to evaluate die subcellular localization of hexokinase in highly glycolytic AS-30D hepatoma cells and in the tissue of its origin, i.e., rat liver.

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