Tomographic Imaging of the Human Thyroid with a Positron Camera before and after Partial Thyroidectomy

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Frey ◽  
D. Townsend ◽  
R. Mégevand ◽  
A. Spiliopoulos ◽  
O. Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomographic Imaging ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Partial Thyroidectomy

SECRETION OF THYROXINE, 3,5,3′-TRIIODOTHYRONINE AND 3,3′5′-TRIIODOTHYRONINE IN EUTHYROID MAN

1977 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Westgren ◽  
A. Melander ◽  
S. Ingemansson ◽  
A. Burger ◽  
S. Tibblin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Peripheral Venous Blood ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Secretion Rates

ABSTRACT The secretion of iodothyronines from the normal human thyroid gland was assessed by radioimmunoassay analyses of the concentrations of thyroxine (T4), 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (reverse T3, rT3) in thyroid venous and peripheral venous blood. The subjects studied were euthyroid patients undergoing parathyroid surgery. Measurements were carried out both under apparently normal conditions, following peroral T3 pre-treatment, and before and after acute administration of TSH into a thyroid artery. In the control subjects, significant gradients between thyroid venous and peripheral venous concentrations were recorded both for T4, T3 and rT3, suggesting that all three iodothyronines are secreted by the normal human thyroid. T3 pre-treatment seemed to reduce this secretion, and acute administration of TSH promoted rapid, marked, and concomitant increments in the thyroid venous concentrations of all three iodothyronines. Hence, it appears that not only T4 but also T3 and rT3 are secreted by the normal human thyroid gland, and that TSH stimulates the secretion of all three iodothyronines. On the other hand, calculations of the relative secretion rates yielded the relation T4:T3:rT3 as 85:9:1. This indicates that, in euthyroid subjects, most of T3, and almost all of rT3, is produced by extrathyroidal conversion of T4 and not by direct thyroidal secretion.

Tomographic Imaging of the Human Thyroid Using124I∗

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 918-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. FREY ◽  
D. TOWNSEND ◽  
A. FLATTER ◽  
R. DE GAUTARD ◽  
S. WIDGREN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomographic Imaging ◽  
Human Thyroid

Non-sulphated cholecystokinin in human medullary thyroid carcinomas

1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Rehfeld ◽  
A. H. Johnsen ◽  
L. Ødum ◽  
L. Bardram ◽  
S. Schifter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Enzymatic Cleavage ◽  
Cell Secretion ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
Reverse Phase Chromatography ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas

ABSTRACT The expression of gastrin/cholecystokinin (CCK) peptides and their precursors was examined in 16 medullary carcinomas of the human thyroid. Measurements with libraries of sequence-specific radioimmunoassays before and after enzymatic cleavage of extracts and chromatographic fractions showed that the carcinomas contained 1·7 pmol carboxyamidated CCK/g tissue (median; range 0·6–21·8 pmol/g), 0·9 pmol glycine-extended precursor/g (median; range < 0·2–2·3 pmol/g) and 2·3 pmol further COOH-terminal-extended proCCK/g (median; range 0·9–6·2 pmol/g). Neither carboxyamidated gastrins nor any progastrins could be measured. Gel and reverse-phase chromatography revealed only small molecular forms, i.e. > 90% of the amidated immunoreactivity eluted like non-sulphated CCK-8 or CCK-7. The results show that human medullary thyroid carcinomas synthesize CCK peptides. The predominance of non-sulphated CCK is unusual. Taken together with earlier observations from dogs and pigs, our results raise the possibility that small non-sulphated CCK peptides modulate thyroid C-cell secretion in an autocrine manner. Journal of Endocrinology (1990) 124, 501–506

Three-Dimensional Motion of the Arytenoid Adduction Procedure in Cadaver Larynges

1994 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Neuman ◽  
Arne Hengesteg ◽  
Kenton R. Kaufman ◽  
Richard P. Lepage ◽  
Gayle E. Woodson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Tomographic Imaging ◽  
Joint Mechanics ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Arytenoid Adduction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Cricoarytenoid Joint ◽  
Computed Tomographic Imaging

To determine whether variation in suture placement could improve the results of the arytenoid adduction procedure, a model was developed using fresh human cadaver larynges. Three-dimensional (3-D) motion of the arytenoid was determined by utilizing computed tomographic imaging with radiopaque markers on the apex and muscular and vocal processes. By utilizing principles previously applied to the study of rigid body mechanics for the carpal, knee, and tarsal joints, rotation and translation of the arytenoid about the axial, coronal, and sagittal axes were calculated. Subglottic airflow resistance was measured before and after the procedure. Posterior glottic closure was reproducibly achieved, as determined by computed tomographic imaging and airway resistance. Conflicting reports on cricoarytenoid joint mechanics can be attributed to reliance on trigonometric analysis of two-dimensional images, which results in errors in out-of-plane motion. This paper presents a useful model for obtaining detailed anatomic information describing arytenoid 3-D motion.

Circulating MicroRNA Profiles as Potential Biomarkers for differentiated thyroid cancer recurrence

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Jankovic Miljus ◽  
María Augusta Guillén-Sacoto ◽  
Jennifer Makiadi-Alvarado ◽  
León Wert-Lamas ◽  
Julia Ramirez-Moya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Circulating Microrna ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Persistent Disease ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Context Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging biomarkers of thyroid cancer. Objective This study sought to identify the profile of circulating miRNAs and its response to human recombinant TSH (rhTSH) in thyroid cancer patients with recurrent/persistent disease. Methods We obtained serum samples from 30 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, 14 with recurrent/persistent disease and 16 with complete remission. We used next generation sequencing to define the miRnomes along with a comprehensive qPCR validation using two different platforms. We made a transversal study by comparing serum miRNA profiles of patients with or without recurrent/persistent disease and a longitudinal study looking at differences before and after rhTSH stimulation. Selected miRNAs were then studied in human thyroid cancer cell lines TPC-1, FTC-133 and OCUT-2 in response to TSH stimulation. Results We could not demonstrate any consistent differences in serum profiles of known miRNAs between patients with and without recurrent/persistent disease or before and after rhTSH stimulation. However, our sequencing data revealed two putative novel miRNAs that rise with rhTSH stimulation in the serums of patients with recurrent/persistent disease. We further confirmed by qPCR the upregulation of these putative miRNAs both in serums and in TSH-stimulated cells. We also show miRNAs that are good candidates for housekeeping genes in the serum of patients independently of the levels of TSH. Conclusions The present study does not provide evidence that known miRNAs can be used as circulating markers for recurrence of thyroid cancer. However, we suggest that novel miRNA molecules may be related to thyroid cancer pathogenesis.

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

The Clinical, Roentgenological and Morphological Effects of an Acute Exposure of Phosgene on the Lungs of Dogs

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
R. F. Bils ◽  
W. F. Diller ◽  
F. Huth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Phosgene still plays an important role as a toxic substance in the chemical industry. Thiess (1968) recently reported observations on numerous cases of phosgene poisoning. A serious difficulty in the clinical handling of phosgene poisoning cases is a relatively long latent period, up to 12 hours, with no obvious signs of severity. At about 12 hours heavy lung edema appears suddenly, however changes can be seen in routine X-rays taken after only a few hours' exposure (Diller et al., 1969). This study was undertaken to correlate these early changes seen by the roengenologist with morphological alterations in the lungs seen in the'light and electron microscopes.Forty-two adult male and female Beagle dogs were selected for these exposure experiments. Treated animals were exposed to 94.5-107-5 ppm phosgene for 10 min. in a 15 m3 chamber. Roentgenograms were made of the thorax of each animal before and after exposure, up to 24 hrs.

Ultrastructure of Melanin Formation in Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., and Drechslera Sorokiniana

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
M. H. Wheeler ◽  
W. J. Tolmsoff ◽  
A. A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Electron Transmission ◽  
Melanin Formation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Electron Transmission Microscopy

(+)-Scytalone [3,4-dihydro-3,6,8-trihydroxy-l-(2Hj-naphthalenone] and 1,8-di- hydroxynaphthalene (DHN) have been proposed as intermediates of melanin synthesis in the fungi Verticillium dahliae (1, 2, 3, 4) and Thielaviopsis basicola (4, 5). Scytalone is enzymatically dehydrated by V. dahliae to 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene which is then reduced to (-)-vermelone [(-)-3,4- dihydro-3,8-dihydroxy-1(2H)-naphthalenone]. Vermelone is subsequently dehydrated to DHN which is enzymatically polymerized to melanin.Melanin formation in Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., and Drechslera soro- kiniana was examined by light and electron-transmission microscopy. Wild-type isolates of each fungus were compared with albino mutants before and after treatment with 1 mM scytalone or 0.1 mM DHN in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. Both chemicals were converted to dark pigments in the walls of hyphae and conidia of the albino mutants. The darkened cells were similar in appearance to corresponding cells of the wild types under the light microscope.

Evaluation of Freezing Methods by Low Temperature X-Ray Diffraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
T. Gulik-Krzywicki ◽  
M.J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Materials ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Set Up

Freeze-etching electron microscopy is currently one of the best methods for studying molecular organization of biological materials. Its application, however, is still limited by our imprecise knowledge about the perturbations of the original organization which may occur during quenching and fracturing of the samples and during the replication of fractured surfaces. Although it is well known that the preservation of the molecular organization of biological materials is critically dependent on the rate of freezing of the samples, little information is presently available concerning the nature and the extent of freezing-rate dependent perturbations of the original organizations. In order to obtain this information, we have developed a method based on the comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns of samples before and after freezing, prior to fracturing and replication.Our experimental set-up is shown in Fig. 1. The sample to be quenched is placed on its holder which is then mounted on a small metal holder (O) fixed on a glass capillary (p), whose position is controlled by a micromanipulator.

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