Intracranial Pressure Gradients, Local Tissue Perfusion Pressure and Regional Cerebral Blood Flow

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brock ◽  
J. Beck ◽  
E. Markakis ◽  
W. Pöll ◽  
H. Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Local Tissue

Regional cerebral blood flow, sensory evoked potentials, and intracranial pressure in dogs with MCA occlusion by embolization or trapping

1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshikazu Okada ◽  
Takeshi Shima ◽  
Mitsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Tohru Uozumi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sensory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Sensory Evoked ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), sensory evoked potentials (SEP), and intracranial pressure (ICP) were investigated in dogs with focal cerebral ischemia produced by a silicone cylinder embolus in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) trunk as compared to that produced by trapping the same vessel. These variables were measured at intervals of 1 hour for a period of 6 hours after MCA occlusion. In the embolized animals, rCBF decreased most extensively at the basal ganglia, from a control level of 53.9 ± 3.9 (mean ± SE) to 21.5 ± 2.7 ml/100 gm/min at the 6th hour. Sensory evoked potentials decreased progressively from the resting level of 100% to 53.0% ± 7.2% at the 3rd hour. Intracranial pressure, measured by epidural pressure on the occluded side, increased rapidly during the first 3 hours, from 10.6 ± 0.3 to about 30 cm H2O. In the animals with trapping, the decreases in rCBF and declines of SEP were significantly less than those in the embolized animals, and no evident brain swelling was observed. This study demonstrates that MCA trunk occlusion by silicone cylinder embolization produces a more marked decrease in deep CBF, with diminution of SEP and increase in ICP, than that produced by trapping.

scholarly journals Chronic Parasympathetic Sectioning Decreases Regional Cerebral Blood Flow during Hemorrhagic Hypotension and Increases Infarct Size after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Koketsu ◽  
Michael A. Moskowitz ◽  
Hermes A. Kontos ◽  
Masayuki Yokota ◽  
Takeo Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Hemorrhagic Hypotension

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during controlled hemorrhagic hypotension (140–20 mm Hg) was assessed 10–14 days after chronic unilateral sectioning of parasympathetic and/or sensory fibers innervating pial vessels in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). rCBF was measured in the cortical barrel fields bilaterally by laser Doppler blood flowmetry. Immunohistochemistry of middle cerebral artery (MCA) whole mount preparations was used to verify the surgical lesion. During hemorrhagic hypotension, rCBF was equivalent on the two sides in shams, after selective sensory denervation, or in parasympathetically sectioned animals exhibiting small decreases (≤30%) in immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-containing fibers. After chronic parasympathetic denervation, decreases in perfusion pressure were accompanied by greater reductions in rCBF on the lesioned side; changes in vascular resistance were also attenuated on that side. The rCBF response to hypercapnia (Paco2 50 mm Hg), however, was symmetrical and robust. To examine the effects of impaired neurogenic vasodilation on the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia, infarct size was measured 24 h following tandem MCA occlusion in denervated animals. Infarction volume was larger after selective parasympathetic sectioning (sham, 156 ± 27 vs. 196 ± 32 mm3, respectively) but only in those denervated animals demonstrating ≥40% decrease in immunoreactive VIP-containing fibers within the ipsilateral MCA. Lower than expected blood flow/perfusion pressure in the cortex distal to an occluded blood vessel may relate the observed blood flow responses to the occurrence of larger cortical infarcts in parasympathetically denervated animals. If true, the findings suggest a novel role for neurogenic vasodilation in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia and in rCBF regulation within the peri-infarction zone.

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