Cell Culture Approaches to Understanding the Actions of Steroid Hormones on the Insect Nervous System

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Levine ◽  
Janis C. Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Insect Nervous System

scholarly journals Origins of glial cell populations in the insect nervous system

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaison J Omoto ◽  
Jennifer K Lovick ◽  
Volker Hartenstein
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Insect Nervous System

The dare gene: steroid hormone production, olfactory behavior, and neural degeneration in Drosophila

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (20) ◽  
pp. 4591-4602 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Freeman ◽  
A. Dobritsa ◽  
P. Gaines ◽  
W.A. Segraves ◽  
J.R. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Ring Gland ◽  
Olfactory Stimuli ◽  
Steroid Hormone Signaling ◽  
Adrenodoxin Reductase ◽  
Strength Result

Steroid hormones mediate a wide variety of developmental and physiological events in insects, yet little is known about the genetics of insect steroid hormone biosynthesis. Here we describe the Drosophila dare gene, which encodes adrenodoxin reductase (AR). In mammals, AR plays a key role in the synthesis of all steroid hormones. Null mutants of dare undergo developmental arrest during the second larval instar or at the second larval molt, and dare mutants of intermediate severity are delayed in pupariation. These defects are rescued to a high degree by feeding mutant larvae the insect steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone. These data, together with the abundant expression of dare in the two principal steroid biosynthetic tissues, the ring gland and the ovary, argue strongly for a role of dare in steroid hormone production. dare is the first Drosophila gene shown to encode a defined component of the steroid hormone biosynthetic cascade and therefore provides a new tool for the analysis of steroid hormone function. We have explored its role in the adult nervous system and found two striking phenotypes not previously described in mutants affected in steroid hormone signaling. First, we show that mild reductions of dare expression cause abnormal behavioral responses to olfactory stimuli, indicating a requirement for dare in sensory behavior. Then we show that dare mutations of intermediate strength result in rapid, widespread degeneration of the adult nervous system.

Behavioral Endocrinology: Integrating Mind and Body

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Peter T. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Behavioral Endocrinology ◽  
Paternal Behavior ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Primary Focus

Abstract The nervous system and the endocrine system interact to integrate behavior and physiology. Hormones play an important role in this interaction, particularly steroid hormones. Other molecules, notably oxytocin, can serve both as hormones in the soma and neuromodulators in the central nervous system. Understanding the influence of the endocrine system on human behavior, both individual and social, has been a primary focus of behavioral endocrinology for many decades, though technical and methodological challenges have been formidable. The recent enthusiasm for enzyme-linked immunoassay kits for measuring steroid hormones in saliva has been found to be largely unsound, for example. Despite these difficulties, advances in many areas have been made and new areas, such as the endocrinology of paternal behavior and the role of oxytocin in social interactions, have emerged. Reproductive ecology provides a theoretical framework for integrating the diverse content of human behavioral ecology.

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