Quantitative Assessment of the Degree of Ductal Steal Using Celiac Artery Blood Flow to Left Ventricular Output Ratio in Preterm Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afif El-Khuffash ◽  
Mary Higgins ◽  
Kevin Walsh ◽  
Eleanor J. Molloy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Left Ventricular Output

In Reply: Cerebral Blood Flow

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1013-1014
Author(s):  
RAUL BEJAR
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Regional Blood Flows ◽  
Left Ventricular Output ◽  
Patent Ductus

Baylen and Emmanouilides give the impression that their abstract was misquoted in our commentary. We would like to explain our interpretation of their data. In the abstract, Baylen et al indicate that they measured regional blood flows (RBF) in premature fetal lambs, expressing them as a percentage of the left ventricular output (LVO) before and after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure. Their results (percent of LVO) before and after PDA closure were: lung, 42.7% vs 8.4% (P < .01); carcass, 35% vs 55% (P < .01); heart, 5.5% vs 10.2% (P < .05); gastrointestinal tract, 5.1% vs 9.3% (P < .05); brain, 2.7% vs 3.4% (P = NS); kidney, 2.2% vs 3.3% (P = NS); liver, 3.2% vs 5.7% (P = NS).

Agreement of Cardiac Output Measurements between Bioreactance and Transthoracic Echocardiography in Preterm Infants during the Transitional Phase: A Single-Centre, Prospective Study

Neonatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizelle Van Wyk ◽  
Johan Smith ◽  
John Lawrenson ◽  
Willem Pieter de Boode
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Left Ventricular Output ◽  
Transitional Phase

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Bioreactance cardiac output (CO) monitors are able to non-invasively and continuously monitor CO. However, as a novel tool to measure CO, it must be proven to be accurate and precise. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine the agreement between CO measured with a bioreactance monitor and transthoracic echocardiography-derived left ventricular output parameters in preterm infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a prospective observational study in 63 preterm neonates with non-invasive respiratory support, not requiring inotrope support. The infants underwent continuous bioreactance monitoring of CO and stroke volume (SV) and simultaneous transthoracic echocardiography every 6 h until 72 h of life. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The agreement between bioreactance and transthoracic echocardiography, for both SV and CO, was poor. The percentage error was 67.5% for SV and 71.6% for CO. The mean error was 60.4% for SV and 69.8% for CO. Bias was affected by numerous variables. After correcting for time, CO and SV bias were significantly affected by the presence of an open patent ductus arteriosus and the level of CO. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Bioreactance cannot be considered interchangeable with transthoracic echocardiography to measure CO in preterm infants during the transition phase. Agreement between bioreactance and other CO metrics should be assessed before concluding its accuracy or inaccuracy in neonates.

Prostaglandins and fetal cardiac output distribution in the lamb

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (6) ◽  
pp. H853-H858
Author(s):  
E. B. Sideris ◽  
K. Yokochi ◽  
F. Coceani ◽  
P. M. Olley
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Pulmonary Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Vasodilator ◽  
Distribution Right ◽  
Output Ratio ◽  
Left Ventricular Output

With the use of a triple thermodilution technique in 17 fetal lambs, combined with microsphere estimations in 7, the effects of indomethacin prostaglandin (PG) I2 and PGE2 on cardiac output and its distribution were measured. Indomethacin (0.2 mg/kg) induced a main pulmonary artery-to-aorta pressure gradient, which peaked within 45–60 min and persisted for 2–3 h. PGE2 abolished this gradient (threshold 50 ng X kg-1 X min-1), while PGI2 in doses up to 100 ng X kg-1 X min-1 increased it. Indomethacin did not change total cardiac output but altered its distribution (right ventricular output, left ventricular output) and increased the percentage of right ventricular output flowing to the lungs. Ductal flow decreased concomitantly. After indomethacin, PGI2 further decreased ductal flow, increased pulmonary flow, and decreased pulmonary vascular resistance. PGE2 restored the original right ventricular-to-total cardiac output ratio, although ductus flow did not return to base-line levels. Pulmonary resistance increased slightly, reflecting decreased pulmonary flow, associated with decreased right ventricular output. Thus PGE2 was more effective on the ductus than on the pulmonary circulation. PGI2 did not relax the ductus but was a potent pulmonary vasodilator. Neither PGI2 nor PGE2 nor indomethacin changed total cardiac output but all altered its distribution.

scholarly journals Timing of postexercise carbohydrate-protein supplementation: roles of gastrointestinal blood flow and mucosal cell damage on gastric emptying in humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Kashima ◽  
Nao Harada ◽  
Kanae Miyamoto ◽  
Masaki Fujimoto ◽  
Chiaki Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Celiac Artery ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Mucosal Cell ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Artery Blood Flow

It is well known that protein ingestion immediately after exercise greatly stimulates muscle protein synthesis during the postexercise recovery phase. However, immediately after strenuous exercise, the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa is frequently injured by hypoperfusion in the organ/tissue, possibly resulting in impaired GI function (e.g., gastric emptying; GE). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of GI blood flow on the GE rate. Eight healthy young subjects performed an intermittent supramaximal cycling exercise for 30 min, which consisted of a 120% V̇o2peak for 20 s, followed by 20 W for 40 s. The subjects ingested 300 ml of a nutrient drink containing carbohydrate-protein at either 5 min postexercise in one trial (PE-5) or 30 min postexercise in another trial (PE-30). In the control trial (Con), the subjects ingested the same drink without exercise. The celiac artery blood flow (CABF) and superior mesenteric artery blood flow (SMABF) and GE rate were assessed by ultrasonography. Before drink ingestion in PE-5, CABF significantly decreased from baseline, whereas in PE-30, it returned to baseline. Following drink ingestion in PE-5, CABF did not change from baseline, but it significantly increased in PE-30 and Con. SMABF increased significantly later in PE-5 than in PE-30 and Con. The GE rate was consistently slower in PE-5 than in PE-30 and Con. In conclusion, the CABF response after exercise seems to modulate the subsequent GE rate and SMABF response. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A carbohydrate-protein drink was ingested at either 5 min (i.e., profoundly decreased celiac artery blood flow; CABF) or 30 min (i.e., already recovered CABF) postexercise. In the 5-min postexercise trial, the gastric emptying (GE) rate and superior mesenteric artery blood flow (SMABF) response were slower than those in the 30-min postexercise trial. The GE rate and SMABF response may be altered depending on the postexercise CABF response.

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