Morphological Features of Tail Bud Development in Truncate Mouse Mutants

2004 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinko Mitrečić ◽  
Ljiljana Kostović-Knežević ◽  
Srećko Gajović
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Features ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Mouse Mutants

N-CAM, polysialic acid and chick tail bud development

1991 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.May Griffith ◽  
MichaelJ. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Polysialic Acid ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Bud Development

Sialoconjugates and development of the tail bud

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-489
Author(s):  
C.M. Griffith ◽  
M.J. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Lectin Histochemistry ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Developmental Sequence ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Axial Development

Using lectin histochemistry, we have previously shown that there are alterations in the distribution of glycoconjugates in the tail bud of chick embryos that parallel the developmental sequence of the caudal axis. If glycoconjugates or the cells bearing them play a role in caudal axial development, then, restriction of their availability by binding with lectins would be expected to produce abnormalities of caudal development. In the present study, we treated embryos at various stages of tail bud development by microinjection with a variety of lectins. Administration of WGA by sub-blastodermal injection resulted in high incidences of secondary neural tube and notochordal abnormalities in lectin-treated embryos. The incidence of malformations was dependent upon both the dose of WGA received and the stage of development at the time of treatment. Using an anti-WGA antibody, we have also shown binding of the lectin in regions where defects were found. The lectin WGA binds to the sialic acid residues of glycoconjugates and to N-acetylglucosamine. Treatment of embryos with Limulus polyphemus lectin (LPL), which also binds to sialic acid, produced results similar to those of WGA. Treatments using lectins with other sugar-binding specificities, including succinylated WGA (with N-acetylglucosamine specificity only) produced defects that differed from those produced by WGA and LPL, and only with the administration of much higher doses. The results suggest that glycoconjugates in general and sialoconjugates in particular, or the cells carrying them, may have a role in caudal axial development.

Effects of retinoic acid on chick tail bud development

Teratology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. May Griffith ◽  
Michael J. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Bud Development

Effects of retinoic acid on the distribution of glycoconjugates during mouse tail bud development

Teratology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. May Griffith ◽  
Michael J. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Tail Bud ◽  
Bud Development

Montmorillonite Dendrites

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Necip Güven ◽  
Rodney W. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Dendritic Crystal ◽  
Crystal Growth Mechanism

Morphological features of montmorillonite aggregates in a large number of samples suggest that they may be formed by a dendritic crystal growth mechanism (i.e., tree-like growth by branching of a growth front).

Polymer Morphology Revealed by Staining Techniques

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
A. C. Reimschuessel ◽  
V. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Polymer Morphology ◽  
Crystallizable Polymer ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Long Chain

Staining techniques can be used for either the identification of different polymers or for the differentiation of specific morphological domains within a given polymer. To reveal morphological features in nylon 6, we choose a technique based upon diffusion of the staining agent into accessible regions of the polymer.When a crystallizable polymer - such as nylon 6 - is cooled from the melt, lamellae form by chainfolding of the crystallizing long chain macromolecules. The regions between adjacent lamellae represent the less ordered amorphous domains into which stain can diffuse. In this process the lamellae will be “outlined” by the dense stain, giving rise to contrast comparable to that obtained by “negative” staining techniques.If the cooling of the polymer melt proceeds relatively slowly - as in molding operations - the lamellae are usually arranged in a radial manner. This morphology is referred to as spherulitic.

Morphologies of Nonadherent Al2O3 and Matching Substrate Surfaces

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
C. S. Giggins ◽  
J. K. Tien ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
F. S. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Oxide Spallation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Substrate Surfaces

The performance of most oxidation resistant alloys and coatings is markedly improved if the oxide scale strongly adheres to the substrate surface. Consequently, in order to develop alloys and coatings with improved oxidation resistance, it has become necessary to determine the conditions that lead to spallation of oxides from the surfaces of alloys. In what follows, the morphological features of nonadherent Al2O3, and the substrate surfaces from which the Al2O3 has spalled, are presented and related to oxide spallation.The Al2O3, scales were developed by oxidizing Fe-25Cr-4Al (w/o) and Ni-rich Ni3 (Al,Ta) alloys in air at 1200°C. These scales spalled from their substrates upon cooling as a result of thermally induced stresses. The scales and the alloy substrate surfaces were then examined by scanning and replication electron microscopy.The Al2O3, scales from the Fe-Cr-Al contained filamentary protrusions at the oxide-gas interface, Fig. 1(a). In addition, nodules of oxide have been developed such that cavities were formed between the oxide and the substrate, Fig. 1(a).

Etching of LLDPE and LLDPE/HDPE blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
M. S. Bischel ◽  
J. M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Narrow Fraction ◽  
Potassium Permanganate Solution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Despite its rapidly growing use in commercial applications, the morphology of LLDPE and its blends has not been thoroughly studied by microscopy techniques. As part of a study to examine the morphology of a LLDPE narrow fraction and its blends with HDPE via SEM, TEM and AFM, an appropriate etchant is required. However, no satisfactory recipes could be found in the literature. Mirabella used n-heptane, a solvent for LLDPE, as an etchant to reveal certain morphological features in the SEM, including faint banding in spherulites. A 1992 paper by Bassett included a TEM micrograph of an axialite of LLDPE, etched in a potassium permanganate solution, but no details were given.Attempts to use n-heptane, at 60°C, as an etchant were unsuccessful: depending upon thickness, samples swelled and increased in diameter by 5-10% or more within 15 minutes. Attempts to use the standard 3.5% potassium permanganate solution for HDPE were also unsuccessful: the LLDPE was severely overetched. Weaker solutions were also too severe.

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