Salivary Cortisol, a Biological Marker of Stress, Is Positively Associated with 24-Hour Systolic Blood Pressure in Patients with Acute Ischaemic Stroke

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niaz Ahmed ◽  
Bartolome de la Torre ◽  
Nils Gunnar Wahlgren
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Biological Marker

Abnormal Blood Pressure Circadian Rhythm in Acute Ischaemic Stroke: are Lacunar Strokes Really Different?

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Castilla-Guerra ◽  
A. Espino-Montoro ◽  
M. C. Fernandez-Moreno ◽  
J. M. López-Chozas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Circadian Blood Pressure ◽  
The Mean

Background A pathologically reduced or abolished circadian blood pressure variation has been described in acute stroke. However, studies on alterations of circadian blood pressure patterns after stroke and stroke subtypes are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in circadian blood pressure patterns in patients with acute ischaemic stroke and their relation to the stroke subtype. Aims We studied 98 consecutive patients who were admitted within 24 h after ischaemic stroke onset. All patients had a detailed clinical examination, laboratory studies and a CT scan study of the brain on admission. To study the circadian rhythm of blood pressure, a continuous blood pressure monitor (Spacelab 90217) was used. Patients were classified according to the percentage fall in the mean systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure at night compared with during the day as: dippers (fall ≥ 10–20%); extreme dippers (≥20%); nondipper (<10%); and reverse dippers (<0%, that is, an increase in the mean nocturnal blood pressure compared with the mean daytime blood pressure). Data were separated and analysed in two groups: lacunar and nonlacunar infarctions. Statistical testing was conducted using the SSPS 12.0. Methods We studied 60 males and 38 females, mean age: 70·5 ± 11 years. The patient population consisted of 62 (63·2%) lacunar strokes and 36 (36·8%) nonlacunar strokes. Hypertension was the most common risk factor (67 patients, 68·3%). Other risk factors included hypercholesterolaemia (44 patients, 44·8%), diabetes mellitus (38 patients, 38·7%), smoking (24 patients, 24·8%) and atrial fibrillation (19 patients, 19·3%). The patients with lacunar strokes were predominantly men ( P = 0·037) and had a lower frequency of atrial fibrillation ( P = 0·016) as compared with nonlacunar stroke patients. In the acute phase, the mean systolic blood pressure was 136±20 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure was 78·7 ± 11·8. Comparing stroke subtypes, there were no differences in 24·h systolic blood pressure and 24-h diastolic blood pressure between patients with lacunar and nonlacunar infarction. However, patients with lacunar infarction showed a mean decline in day–night systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of approximately 4 mmHg [systolic blood pressure: 3·9 (SD 10) mmHg, P = 0·003; diastolic blood pressure 3·7 (SD 7) mmHg, P = 0·0001] compared with nonlacunar strokes. Nonlacunar strokes showed a lack of 24-h nocturnal systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure fall. The normal diurnal variation in systolic blood pressure was abolished in 87 (88·9%) patients, and the variation in diastolic blood pressure was abolished in 76 (77·5%) patients. On comparing lacunar and nonlacunar strokes, we found that the normal diurnal variation in systolic blood pressure was abolished in 53 (85·4%) lacunar strokes and in 34 (94·4%) nonlacunar strokes ( P = nonsignificant). In terms of diurnal variation in diastolic blood pressure, it was abolished in 43 (69·3%) lacunar strokes and in 33 (91·6%) nonlacunar strokes ( P = 0·026). Conclusions Our results show clear differences in the blood pressure circadian rhythm of acute ischaemic stroke between lacunar and nonlacunar infarctions by means of 24-h blood pressure monitoring. The magnitude of nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure dip was significantly higher in lacunar strokes. Besides, patients with lacunar strokes presented a higher percentage of dipping patterns in the diastolic blood pressure circadian rhythm. Therefore, one should consider the ischaemic stroke subtype when deciding on the management of blood pressure in acute stroke.

scholarly journals Management of Acute Ischaemic Stroke

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
David Jarrett ◽  
◽  
Hemang Dave ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Intravenous Thrombolysis ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Stroke Service ◽  
Basic Care ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Proven Benefit

National audits of stroke care in the UK have repeatedly shown deficiencies in basic care. The key to good care is prompt thorough assessment, investigation and management of physiological parameters i.e blood pressure, glycaemia, temperature and oxygenation. Three interventions are of proven benefit in acute ischaemic stroke: admission to an organised stroke service, early aspirin and intravenous thrombolysis. The use of multidisciplinary guidelines and education and audit around these improves care.

scholarly journals Predicting ischaemic stroke subtype from presenting systolic blood pressure: the BASIC Project

2009 ◽  
Vol 265 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Meurer ◽  
B. N. Sánchez ◽  
M. A. Smith ◽  
L. D. Lisabeth ◽  
J. J. Majersik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Subtype
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document