Penetration and Metabolism of Topical Retinoids in ex vivo Organ-Cultured Full-Thickness Human Skin Explants

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Antille ◽  
C. Tran ◽  
O. Sorg ◽  
J.-H. Saurat
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Topical Retinoids ◽  
Skin Explants

Cutaneous DNA delivery and gene expression in ex vivo human skin explants via wet-etch microfabricated microneedles

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 415-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Birchall ◽  
Sion Coulman ◽  
Marc Pearton ◽  
Chris Allender ◽  
Keith Brain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dna Delivery ◽  
Skin Explants ◽  
Wet Etch

scholarly journals Effect of Skin Model on In Vitro Performance of an Adhesive Dermally Applied Microarray Coated with Zolmitriptan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ameri ◽  
Hayley Lewis ◽  
Paul Lehman
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Artificial Membrane ◽  
Skin Model ◽  
Hydrophobic Membrane ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
In Vitro Performance

Franz cell studies, utilizing different human skin and an artificial membrane, evaluating the influence of skin model on permeation of zolmitriptan coated on an array of titanium microprojections, were evaluated. Full thickness and dermatomed ex vivo human skin, as well as a synthetic hydrophobic membrane (Strat-M®), were assessed. It was found that the choice of model demonstrated different absorption kinetics for the permeation of zolmitriptan. For the synthetic membrane only 11% of the zolmitriptan coated dose permeated into the receptor media, whilst for the dermatomed skin 85% permeated into the receptor. The permeation of zolmitriptan through full thickness skin had a significantly different absorption profile and time to maximum flux in comparison to the dermatomed skin and synthetic model. On the basis of these results dermatomed skin may be a better estimate of in vivo performance of drug-coated metallic microprojections.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Topically Testable Model of Burn Injury on Human Skin Explants

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6956
Author(s):  
Olivia Gross-Amat ◽  
Marine Guillen ◽  
Damien Salmon ◽  
Serge Nataf ◽  
Céline Auxenfans
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Drug Formulation ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
Skin Explants ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Improved Model

Severe burn injuries remain a major health problem due to high rates of mortality, residual morbidity, and/or aesthetic damages. To find new therapies aimed at promoting a harmonious healing of skin burns, it is important to develop models which take into account the unique properties of the human skin. Based on previously described models of burn injury performed on human skin explants, we hypothesized that maintaining explants under constant tension forces would allow to more closely reproduce the pathophysiological processes of skin remodeling. We thus. Here, we set up and characterized an improved model of deep second-degree burn injury on ex vivo cultured human skin explants at air-liquid interface and maintained under conditions of constant tension forces. A spontaneous re-epithelialization of the lesion was observed 8 to 9 days post burn and was found to rely on the proliferation of basal keratinocytes at the wound edges. Collagen VII at the dermo-epidermal junction reformed along with the progression of re-epithelializatio and a synthesis of procollagen III was observed in the dermis at the wound site. These findings indicate that our model is suitable for the assessment of clinically-relevant therapies aimed at modulating the kinetics of re-epithelialization and/or the activation of fibroblasts following skin burn injuries. In this regard, we evaluated the use of a thermoreversible poloxamer hydrogel as a vehicle for topically-testable therapeutic molecules. Our data showed that, although useful for drug formulation, the p407/p188 poloxamer hydrogel induces a delay of skin re-epithelialization in humans skin explants submitted to experimental burn injury.

scholarly journals Active neutrophil responses counteract Candida albicans burn wound infection of ex vivo human skin explants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin von Müller ◽  
Fionnuala Bulman ◽  
Lysett Wagner ◽  
Daniel Rosenberger ◽  
Alessandra Marolda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Fungal Virulence ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Burn Wounds ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Skin Explants ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

AbstractBurn wounds are highly susceptible sites for colonization and infection by bacteria and fungi. Large wound surface, impaired local immunity, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy support growth of opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans, which may lead to invasive candidiasis. Currently, it remains unknown whether depressed host defenses or fungal virulence drive the progression of burn wound candidiasis. Here we established an ex vivo burn wound model, where wounds were inflicted by applying preheated soldering iron to human skin explants, resulting in highly reproducible deep second-degree burn wounds. Eschar removal by debridement allowed for deeper C. albicans penetration into the burned tissue associated with prominent filamentation. Active migration of resident tissue neutrophils towards the damaged tissue and release of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β accompanied the burn. The neutrophil recruitment was further increased upon supplementation of the model with fresh immune cells. Wound area and depth decreased over time, indicating healing of the damaged tissue. Importantly, prominent neutrophil presence at the infected site correlated to the limited penetration of C. albicans into the burned tissue. Altogether, we established a reproducible burn wound model of candidiasis using ex vivo human skin explants, where immune responses actively control the progression of infection and promote tissue healing.

The Ex Vivo Skin Model as an Alternative Tool for the Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Topical Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Eberlin ◽  
Michelle Sabrina da Silva ◽  
Gustavo Facchini ◽  
Gustavo Henrique da Silva ◽  
Ana Lúcia Tabarini Alves Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Test System ◽  
Dermal Matrix ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Skin Explants ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Air Liquid Interface

The development of alternative approaches for safety and efficacy testing that avoid the use of animals is a worldwide trend, which relies on the improvement of current models and tools so that they better reproduce human biology. Human skin from elective plastic surgery is a promising experimental model to test the effects of topically applied products. As the structure of native skin is maintained, including cell population (keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells and fibroblasts) and dermal matrix (containing collagen, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, etc.), it most closely matches the effects of substances on in vivo human skin. In this review, we present a collection of results that our group has generated over the last years, involving the use of human skin and scalp explants, demonstrating the feasibility of this model. The development of a test system with ex vivo skin explants, of standard size and thickness, and cultured at the air–liquid interface, can provide an important tool for understanding the mechanisms involved in several cutaneous disorders.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus-Specific Tissue-Resident Memory CD4+ T Cells Are Abundant in Healthy Human Skin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Hendriks ◽  
Malgorzata Ewa Mnich ◽  
Bruna Clemente ◽  
Ana Rita Cruz ◽  
Simona Tavarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Skin Explants

The skin is an immunocompetent tissue that harbors several kinds of immune cells and a plethora of commensal microbes constituting the skin microbiome. Staphylococcus aureus is a prominent skin pathogen that colonizes a large proportion of the human population. We currently have an incomplete understanding of the correlates of protection against S. aureus infection, however genetic and experimental evidence has shown that CD4+ T cells play a key role in orchestrating a protective anti-S. aureus immune response. A high S. aureus-specific memory CD4+ T cell response has been reported in the blood of healthy subjects. Since T cells are more abundant in the skin than in blood, we hypothesized that S. aureus-specific CD4+ T cells could be present in the skin of healthy individuals. Indeed, we observed proliferation of tissue-resident memory CD4+ T cells and production of IL-17A, IL-22, IFN-γ and TNF-β by cells isolated from abdominal skin explants in response to heat-killed S. aureus. Remarkably, these cytokines were produced also during an ex vivo epicutaneous S. aureus infection of human skin explants. These findings highlight the importance of tissue-resident memory CD4+ T cells present at barrier sites such as the skin, a primary entry site for S. aureus. Further phenotypical and functional characterization of these cells will ultimately aid in the development of novel vaccine strategies against this elusive pathogen.

scholarly journals Vitamin C–squalene bioconjugate promotes epidermal thickening and collagen production in human skin

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gref ◽  
C. Deloménie ◽  
A. Maksimenko ◽  
E. Gouadon ◽  
G. Percoco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Collagen Formation ◽  
Skin Physiology ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
Skin Explants ◽  
Natural Lipid ◽  
Vit C

Abstract Vitamin C (Vit C) benefits to human skin physiology notably by stimulating the biosynthesis of collagen. The main cutaneous collagens are types I and III, which are less synthesized with aging. Vit C is one of the main promotors of collagen formation but it poorly bypasses the epidermis stratum corneum barrier. To address this challenge, we developed a lipophilic version of Vit C for improving skin diffusion and delivery. Vit C was covalently conjugated to squalene (SQ), a natural lipid of the skin, forming a novel Vit C–SQ derivative suitable for cream formulation. Its biological activity was investigated on human whole skin explants in an ex vivo model, through histology and protein and gene expression analyses. Results were compared to Vit C coupled to the reference lipophilic compound palmitic acid, (Vit C–Palmitate). It was observed that Vit C–SQ significantly increased epidermal thickness and preferentially favored collagen III production in human skin after application for 10 days. It also promoted glycosaminoglycans production in a higher extent comparatively to Vit C–Palmitate and free Vit C. Microdissection of the explants to separate dermis and epidermis allowed to measure higher transcriptional effects either in epidermis or in dermis. Among the formulations studied, the strongest effects were observed with Vit C–SQ.

Assessment of an ex vivo irritation test performed on human skin explants and comparison of its results with those of a 24-/48-h human patch test for the evaluation of cosmetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 105030
Author(s):  
Matarrese Patrick ◽  
Beauchef Gallic ◽  
Peno-Mazzarino Laurent ◽  
Lati Elian ◽  
Fitoussi Richard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patch Test ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Skin Explants
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