The Trough Effect: Implications for Speech Motor Programming

Phonetica ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Lindblom ◽  
Harvey M. Sussman ◽  
Golnaz Modarresi ◽  
Elizabeth Burlingame
Keyword(s):  
Motor Programming ◽  
Speech Motor

scholarly journals Using the Self-Select Paradigm to Delineate the Nature of Speech Motor Programming

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Wright ◽  
Don A. Robin ◽  
Jooyhun Rhee ◽  
Amber Vaculin ◽  
Adam Jacks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Motor Programming ◽  
Speech Motor

Some Organizational Characteristics of Speech Movement Control

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent L. Gracco
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Motor Programming ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Oral Opening ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Speech Motor

The neuromotor organization for a class of speech sounds (bilabials) was examined to evaluate the control principles underlying speech as a sensorimotor process. Oral opening and closing actions for the consonants /p/, /b/, and /m/ (C1) in /s V1 C1 V2 C2/ context, where V1 was either /ae/ or /i/, V2 was /ae/, and C2 was /p/, were analyzed from 4 subjects. The timing of oral opening and closing action was found to be a significant variable differentiating bilabial consonants. Additionally, opening and closing actions were found to covary along a number of dimensions implicating the movement cycle as the minimal unit of speech motor programming. The sequential adjustments of the lips and jaw varied systematically with phonetic context reflecting the different functional roles of these articulators in the production of consonants and vowels. The implication of these findings for speech production is discussed.

Speech Motor Programming in Apraxia of Speech: Evidence From a Delayed Picture-Word Interference Task

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja-Liisa Mailend ◽  
Edwin Maas
Keyword(s):  
Matched Control ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Motor Programming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Interference Task ◽  
Motor Programs ◽  
Speech Motor ◽  
Preliminary Support

Purpose Apraxia of speech (AOS) is considered a speech motor programming impairment, but the specific nature of the impairment remains a matter of debate. This study investigated 2 hypotheses about the underlying impairment in AOS framed within the Directions Into Velocities of Articulators (DIVA; Guenther, Ghosh, & Tourville, 2006) model: The retrieval hypothesis states that access to the motor programs is impaired, and the damaged programs hypothesis states that the motor programs themselves are damaged. Method The experiment used a delayed picture-word interference paradigm in which participants prepare their response and auditory distracters are presented with the go signal. The overlap between target and distracter words was manipulated (i.e., shared sounds or no shared sounds), and participants' reaction times (RTs) were measured. Participants included 5 speakers with AOS (4 with concomitant aphasia), 2 speakers with aphasia without AOS, and 9 age-matched control speakers. Results The control speakers showed no effects of distracter type or presence. The speakers with AOS had longer RTs in the distracter condition compared to the no-distracter condition. The speakers with aphasia without AOS were comparable to the control group in their overall RTs and RT pattern. Conclusion Results provide preliminary support for the retrieval hypothesis, suggesting that access to motor programs may be impaired in speakers with AOS. However, the possibility that the motor programs may also be damaged cannot be ruled out.

Speech motor programming in hypokinetic and ataxic dysarthria

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristie A. Spencer ◽  
Margaret A. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Motor Programming ◽  
Ataxic Dysarthria ◽  
Speech Motor

scholarly journals Dissociation between phonological working memory structures and motor programming units during speech motor-sequence learning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Masapollo ◽  
Dante J. Smith ◽  
Frank Guenther
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Motor Program ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Motor Programming ◽  
Consonant Clusters ◽  
Motor Sequence ◽  
Phonological Working Memory ◽  
Speech Motor ◽  
Novel Words

Purpose: This study investigated the nature of phonological working memory (PWM) structures and speech motor programming units by examining how performance gains from practicing non-native phoneme sequences generalize to novel sequences that overlap to varying degrees with the practiced sequences.Method: CCVCC words were constructed using consonant clusters that violated English phonological constraints, thus making them difficult to produce initially. After practicing a subset of the words over two consecutive days, participants were tested on the production of several types of word pairs, including novel words containing unpracticed clusters, practiced cluster words containing consonant clusters that were practiced but in different words from the test words, and fully learned words that were practiced in their entirety.Results: Utterance duration improvements from practicing clusters in one syllabic context fully transferred to novel words that included these clusters, while error rate improvements from practicing clusters in one syllabic context only partially generalized to new syllables utilizing these practiced clusters. Additionally, error rates for the first word in the pair (which depend primarily on motor program structure) showed partial improvements for learned clusters regardless of whether the cluster was practiced in the same part of the syllabic frame (onset or coda), whereas error rates for the second word (which reflect both PWM and motor programming mechanisms) were higher than even novel words if the cluster was practiced in the wrong syllable frame location, presumably due to interference effects in PWM. Conclusions: These results provide support for an onset-nucleus-coda syllabic frame structure in PWM and a syllable-frame-independent representation of common phoneme sub-sequences for motor programs.

Speech motor programming in apraxia of speech

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Deger ◽  
Wolfram Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Motor Programming ◽  
Apraxia Of Speech ◽  
Speech Motor
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document