Pathophysiology of Abnormal Cell Volume in Human Red Cells

1998 ◽  
pp. 220-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Ellory ◽  
J.S. Gibson ◽  
G.W. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Abnormal Cell ◽  
Human Red Cells

scholarly journals Anion transport in dog, cat, and human red cells. Effects of varying cell volume and Donnan ratio.

1979 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Castranova ◽  
M J Weise ◽  
J F Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Rate Constant ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Anion Transport ◽  
Atp Depletion ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Equilibrium Ratio ◽  
Human Red Cells

Membrane potential and the rate constants for anion self-exchange in dog, cat, and human red blood cells have been shown to vary with cell volume. For dog and cat red cells, the outward rate constants for SO4 and Cl increase while the inward rate constant for SO4 decreases as cells swell or shrink. These changes coincide with the membrane potential becoming more negative as a result of changes in cell volume. Human red cells exhibit a similar change in the rate constants for SO4 and Cl efflux in response to cell swelling, but shrunken cells exhibit a decreased rate constant for SO4 efflux and a more positive membrane potential. Hyperpolarization of shrunken dog and cat red cells is due to a volume-dependent rate constant for SO4 efflux and a more positive membrane potential. Hyperpolarization of shrunken dog and cat red cells is due to a volume-dependent increase in PNa. If this increase in PNa is prevented by ATP depletion or if the outward Na gradient is removed, the response to shrinking is identical to human red cells. These results suggest that the volume dependence of anion permeability may be secondary to changes in the anion equilibrium ratio which in red cells is reflected by the membrane potential. When the membrane potential and cell volume of human red cells were varied independently by a method involving pretreatment with nystatin, it was found that the rate of anion transport (for SO4 and Cl) does not vary with cell volume but rather with membrane potential (anion equilibrium ratio); that is, the rate constant for anion efflux is decreased and that for influx is increased as the membrane potential becomes more positive (internal anion concentration increases) while the opposite is true with membrane hyperpolarization (a fall in internal anion concentration).

scholarly journals VOLUME CHANGES, ION EXCHANGES, AND FRAGILITIES OF HUMAN RED CELLS IN SOLUTIONS OF THE CHLORIDES OF THE ALKALINE EARTHS

1953 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Ponder
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Alkaline Earths ◽  
The Media ◽  
Human Red Cells

1. Concentrations of BaCl2, MgCl2, SrCl2, and CaCl2 can be found in which the volume of washed human red cells remains almost unchanged for short periods of time; in more concentrated solutions the cells shrink, and in less concentrated ones they swell. Between tonicities of about 1.5 and 0.75, the van't Hoff-Mariotte law applies roughly, but at lower tonicities the red cell volume is anomalously great, sometimes in the absence of hemolysis. 2. If the cells are allowed to stand at 4°C. in the media of different tonicities, the volume changes are not maintained. The volumes decrease in a complex way, and the decreases are accompanied by a loss of K from the cells and an entry of the external cation into them. 3. With two exceptions, these ion exchanges are not accompanied by any important changes in the osmotic, mechanical, or heat fragility of the red cells. The exceptions are a marked effect of BaCl2 on heat fragmentation, and of CaCl2 on osmotic and mechanical fragilities.

scholarly journals Sodium Movement in High Sodium Feline Red Cells

1971 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Sha'afi ◽  
J. J. Hajjar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Unusual Behavior ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Medium Osmolarity ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Temperature Errors ◽  
Human Red Cells

The transport of Na in the cat red cells has been studied under various experimental conditions. The unidirectional radioactive Na influx increased with increasing temperature until it reached a maximum value at 37°C ± 2°C and then decreased with a further increase in temperature. Errors stated in this paper represent 1.0 standard errors of the mean. The apparent activation energy was calculated in the region between 25 and 37°C and was found to be 4.9 ± 0.5 kcal/mole. Copper at a concentration of 0.04 mM inhibited this influx by 65%. When cells were suspended in isosmotic KCl buffer, cell volume was found to decrease initially with time. This unusual behavior is discussed in terms of Na to K preference of the cell membrane. In cat red cells, Na influx was found to increase about 13-fold when cell volume was decreased from 1.16 normal to 0.87. This effect could not be reproduced when the medium osmolarity was changed only by the addition of urea, a permeating molecule. On the other hand, K influx was found to decrease from 0.24 ± 0.03 mEq/liters RBC, hr at a relative cellular volume equal to 1.0 to 0.11 ± 0.01 mEq/liters RBC, hr at a cell volume of 0.75. Na influx in human red cells did not show any significant dependence on cell volume. The properties of Na movement in the cat red cells are compared to those of human red cells.

In Vitro Assay of Platelet Adhesiveness with Washed and Tanned Human Red Cells

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 384-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zbinden ◽  
S Tomlin
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Human Red Cells

SummaryAn in vitro system is described in which adhesion of blood platelets to washed and tannic acid-treated red cells was assayed quantitatively by microscopic observation. ADP, epinephrine and TAME produced a reversible increase in platelet adhesiveness which was antagonized by AMP. With Evans blue, polyanetholsulfonate, phthalanilide NSC 38280, thrombin and heparin at concentrations above 1-4 u/ml the increase was irreversible. The ADP-induced increase in adhesiveness was inhibited by sodium citrate, EDTA, AMP, ATP and N-ethylmaleimide. EDTA, AMP and the SH-blocker N-ethylmaleimide also reduced spontaneous platelet adhesion to red cells. No significant effects were observed with adenosine, phenprocoumon, 5-HT, phthalanilide NSC 57155, various estrogens, progestogens and fatty acids, acetylsalicylic acid and similarly acting agents, hydroxylamine, glucose and KCN. The method may be useful for the screening of thrombogenic and antithrombotic properties of drugs.

Metabolic control of the K+ channel of human red cells

1990 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Romero ◽  
Carlos E. Ortíz ◽  
Carmelo Melitto
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Human Red Cells

Interactions between sphered human red cells in tube flow: Technique for measuring the strength of antigen-antibody bonds

1982 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry L. Goldsmith ◽  
Phil Gold ◽  
Joseph Shuster ◽  
Koichi Takamura
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
Tube Flow ◽  
Antigen Antibody ◽  
Human Red Cells

The distribution of intracellular calcium chelator (fura-2) in a population of intact human red cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 1148 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio L. Lew ◽  
Zipora Etzion ◽  
Robert M. Bookchin ◽  
Rui daCosta ◽  
Heikki Väänänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Fura 2 ◽  
Human Red Cells

scholarly journals HUMAN T CELLS BIND AUTOLOGOUS AND HOMOLOGOUS HUMAN RED CELLS

1974 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-402
Author(s):  
Joseph Kaplan ◽  
C S Stulberg
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Human T Cells ◽  
Human Red Cells

Caffeine activates a mechanosensitive Ca2+ channel in human red cells

Cell Calcium ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F Cordero ◽  
P.J Romero
Keyword(s):  
Red Cells ◽  
Human Red Cells
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