Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Cochlea following Immune Response in the Endolymphatic Sac of Guinea Pigs

ORL ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Watanabe ◽  
Shunichi Tomiyama ◽  
Ken Jinnouchi ◽  
Ruby Pawankar ◽  
Toshiaki Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Endolymphatic Sac ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS II) in the hydropic vestibule after injection of keyhole limpet hemocyanin into the endolymphatic sac of guinea pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Watanabe ◽  
Shunichi Tomiyama ◽  
Ken Jinnouchi ◽  
Alexander Hess ◽  
Olaf Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Endolymphatic Hydrops ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin ◽  
Endolymphatic Sac ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

This study was undertaken to examine the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS / NOS II) in the hydropic vestibule of guinea pigs. Animals were systemically sensitized with 500 μg of keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Two weeks after the first injection, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (100 μg/5 μl) was injected into the endolymphatic sac following the intradural approach, and the next day temporal bones were removed for the immunohistochemical examination. Endolymphatic hydrops was evidenced by the expansion of the Reissner's membrane in the cochlea after direct injection of keyhole limpet hemocyanin into the endolymphatic sac. Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression was increased in the sensory cells, supporting cells and vestibular ganglion cells, while temporal bones, where only phosphate buffered saline was injected, did not show any inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity. High levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase-catalyzed nitric oxide were detected prior to the development of the inner ear dysfunction. Our results suggest that the occurrence of inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity parallels the inner ear disturbance as seen in endolymphatic hydrops.

scholarly journals Modulation of in vivo alloreactivity by inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase.

1995 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
N K Worrall ◽  
W D Lazenby ◽  
T P Misko ◽  
T S Lin ◽  
C P Rodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

The role of nitric oxide in the immune response to allogeneic tissue was explored in an in vivo cardiac transplant model in the rat. Nitric oxide production during organ rejection was demonstrated by elevations in systemic serum nitrite/nitrate levels and by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Messenger RNA for the inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme was detected in the rejecting allografted heart, but not in the nonrejecting isografted heart. The enzyme was demonstrated to be biologically active by the in vitro conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline and was immunohistochemically localized to the infiltrating inflammatory cells. Treatment with aminoguanidine, a preferential inhibitor of the inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform, prevented the increased nitric oxide production in the transplanted organ and significantly attenuated the pathogenesis of acute rejection. Aminoguanidine treatment prolonged graft survival, improved graft contractile function, and significantly reduced the histologic grade of rejection. These results suggest an important role for nitric oxide in mediating the immune response to allogeneic tissue. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase may provide a novel therapeutic modality in the management of acute transplant rejection and of other immune-mediated processes.

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS II) in the hydropic cochlea of guinea pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 143 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Michel ◽  
Alexander Hess ◽  
Jiping Su ◽  
Wilhelm Bloch ◽  
Eberhard Stennert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide
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