Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in the Sanitary District of Calatayud, Northern Spain: Is Spain a Zone of High Risk for this Disease?

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Pina ◽  
J.R. Ara ◽  
P.J. Modrego ◽  
F. Morales ◽  
J.L. Capablo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Sanitary District

Multiple sclerosis and HLA genotypes: A possible influence on brain atrophy

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Lorefice ◽  
Giuseppe Fenu ◽  
Claudia Sardu ◽  
Jessica Frau ◽  
Giancarlo Coghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Brain Atrophy ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Brain Volume Loss ◽  
Hla Genotypes ◽  
Hla Genotype

Background: The strongest genetic determinant for multiple sclerosis (MS) is located at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DRB1 and DQB1 loci. Objectives: To investigate the possible role of predisposing HLA genotypes in determining brain atrophy. Methods: HLA genotypes were categorized as high risk (two predisposing haplotypes) or medium/low risk (one or no predisposing haplotypes). Patients underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study and volumes of white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and whole brain (WB) were estimated with SIENAX. Longitudinal atrophy was also assessed with SIENA. Results: The study included 240 MS patients. In 51/240 (21%) subjects, a high-risk HLA genotype was observed, while medium- and low-risk HLA genotypes were 109/240 (45%) and 80/240 (34%), respectively. Multiple regression analysis found that the high-risk HLA genotype was associated with significant reduction in WB ( p = 0.02) and GM ( p = 0.03) volumes compared with the medium-/low-risk HLA genotypes, independently from MS clinical features. The longitudinal study included 60 patients and showed a brain volume loss of −0.79% in high-risk HLA genotype group versus −0.56% in low-risk HLA genotype. Conclusion: Our results suggest an influence of HLA genotype on WB and GM atrophy. Further investigations are necessary to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Manajemen Tatalaksana Neuritis Optik Demielinasi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Okta Della Susmitha ◽  
Muhammad Yusran
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Treatment Trial ◽  
Interferon Β ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial

Pendahulan: Neuritis Optik (ON) didefinisikan sebagai inflamasi pada saraf optik, yang sebagian besar idiopatik. Namun dapat dikaitkan dengan penyebab lain seperti lesi demielinasi, gangguan autoimun, infeksi dan inflamasi. Dari semua ini, multiple sclerosis (MS) adalah penyebab paling umum dari demielinasi ON. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui diagnosis dan tatalaksana neuritis optik demielinasi. Metode: Artikel ini dibuat dengan metode literature review, melibatkan 29 pustaka baik buku dan jurnal nasional atau internasional. Hasil: ON terjadi karena proses inflamasi yang mengarah pada aktivasi sel-T yang dapat melewati sawar darah otak dan menyebabkan reaksi hipersensitivitas terhadap struktur saraf. Mekanisme pastinya belum diketahui. Diagnosis klinis ON terdiri dari tiga gejala klasik yaitu kehilangan penglihatan, nyeri periokular dan dischromatopsia. Hal ini membutuhkan pemeriksaan oftalmik, neurologis dan sistemik yang cermat untuk membedakan antara ON spesifik dan tidak. Diagnosis banding diperlukan untuk membuat rencana tatalaksana yang tepat. Pembahasan: Menurut Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial (ONTT), pengobatan pertama adalah metilprednisolon intravena dengan pemulihan yang lebih cepat dan lebih sedikit kemungkinan kasus relaps dan konversi ke MS. Namun prednisolon oral saja dikontraindikasikan karena peningkatan risiko relaps. Controlled High-Risk Subjects Avonex® Multiple Sclerosis Prevention Study (CHAMPS) dan Early Treatment of MS study (ETOMS) dan telah melaporkan bahwa pengobatan dengan interferon β-1a, dengan hasil pengurangan risiko karakteristik MS dari MRI. Sensitivitas kontras, penglihatan warna dan bidang visual adalah parameter yang sebagian besar tetap terganggu bahkan setelah pemulihan ketajaman visual yang baik. Simpulan: Tatalaksana pada neuritis optik demielinasi dominan diberikan steroid dan interferon β-1a.   Kata kunci: demielinasi, multipel skeloris, neuritis optik, tatalaksana  

MRI features associated with rapid disease activity in clinically isolated syndrome patients at high risk for multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 101985
Author(s):  
Amy De Lury ◽  
Joseph Bisulca ◽  
Patricia K Coyle ◽  
Robert Peyster ◽  
Lev Bangiyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Clinically Isolated Syndrome ◽  
Mri Features

scholarly journals Prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the region of Osona, Catalonia, northern Spain.

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bufill ◽  
R Blesa ◽  
I Galan ◽  
G Dean
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Northern Spain

An Increase in the Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis Has Moved Kuwait to a High-Risk Zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 101554
Author(s):  
Raed Alroughani ◽  
F. Alhamdan ◽  
S. Shuaibi ◽  
Samar Farouk Ahmed ◽  
R. Behbahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Zone

Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in south-western Sardinia

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1282-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Cocco ◽  
Claudia Sardu ◽  
Rita Massa ◽  
Elena Mamusa ◽  
Luigina Musu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Annual Incidence Rate ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Homogeneous Population ◽  
High Risk Area

Background: Sardinia is a known high-risk area for multiple sclerosis (MS), but no data for south-western Sardinia (SWS) are available. SWS has a genetically homogeneous population, apart from St Peter Island, and represents a peculiar environment related to the industrial, mineralogical and military economy. Objective: To estimate prevalence and incidence and to evaluate temporal trends and geographical distribution of MS in SWS. Methods: MS prevalence was evaluated on 31 December 2007 and crude mean annual incidence rate was defined between 2003 and 2007. Temporal trend in MS incidence was assessed using the Armitage test. To identify MS clusters, Standard Morbidity Ratio (SMR) was calculated for each village and geographical distribution prevalence by means of a Bayesian hierarchical model. Results: Total crude prevalence rate was 210.4 (95% CI 186.3–234.5): 280.3 (95% CI 241.4–319.3) for females, 138 (95% CI 110.1–165.8) for males. The crude mean annual incidence rate was 9.7/100,000 (95% CI 3.4–13.2): 4.7/100,000 (95% CI 2.4–17.0) and 14.6/100,000 (95% CI 11.8–34.8) for males and females respectively. MS incidence has increased over the last 50 years. Cluster analysis showed an SMR of 0.2 (95% CI 0.05–0.68, p = 0.002) on the island of San Pietro, and 2.0 (95% CI 1.35–2.95, p = 0.001) in Domusnovas. Spatial distribution of MS was confirmed by Bayesian geographical analysis. Conclusions: Our data confirm Sardinia as a high-risk area for MS and support the relevance of genetic factors in MS, as evidenced in St Peter Island. However, we found an unexpectedly high MS prevalence in one village, in particular in males, suggesting an environmental influence on MS occurrence.

Multiple sclerosis in Gijon health district, Asturias, northern Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Uria ◽  
M. T. Calatayud ◽  
P. Virgala ◽  
A. Diaz ◽  
C. Chamizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Health District ◽  
Northern Spain
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