Hemangioma of the Umbilical Cord: Stenotic Change of the Umbilical Vessels

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Kamitomo ◽  
Kazunobu Sueyoshi ◽  
Sumika Matsukita ◽  
Yoshio Matsuda ◽  
Masayuki Hatae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Vessels

scholarly journals Pathophysiological changes of umbilical vessels in intrauterine growth restriction

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (50) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995
Author(s):  
Mária Jakó ◽  
Andrea Surányi ◽  
László Kaiser ◽  
Dóra Domokos ◽  
Róbert Gáspár ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Basal Tone ◽  
Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The prevalence of intrauterine growth restriction is 4–5000/100,000 births, and they give the majority of perinatal morbidity. Aim: The aim of the authors was to compare the pathomorphologic data and vasoreactivity of umbilical vessels and placenta of small for date newborns to that of the normal pregnancies. Method: Samples of the umbilical cord and placenta were divided into case and control groups. Two 10 cm long segments were cut of the umbilical cord at placental insertion. Tissue bath experiment was performed on umbilical vessels and pathomorphologic data were collected according to the Royal College of Pathologists’ protocol. Results: After the development of basal tone, oxytocin and desmopressin did not enhance the vascular contraction, but the pathomorphological and ultrasonographic data were significantly different in the two groups. Conclusions: The results indicate that umbilical vessels might not have oxytocin or vasopressin receptors. The pathomorphologic and flowmetric differences could be the causes of small birth weight. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(50), 1989–1995.

scholarly journals Velamentous Cord Insertion – A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Central Portion ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
Variable Distance ◽  
Velamentous Cord Insertion

Normally the umbilical cord is inserted into the central portion of placenta; at times the cord is inserted distally from the margin; onto the fetal membranes, called velamentous insertion. After the insertion the umbilical vessels traverse unsupported for a variable distance between amnion and chorion before reaching the placenta. These vessels can get compressed and torn especially in labour resulting in acute fetal distress and at times fetal death. We report a case where the cause of fetal distress during labour was compression of these vessels. There is a strong case of finding out site of cord insertion when the antenatal cases are undergoing routine sonography. Once abnormal insertion is detected then these pregnancies should be monitored closely as the chances of both antenatal and intranatal complications are higher in such pregnancies.

The collagen skeleton of the human umbilical cord at term. A scanning electron microscopy study after 2N-NaOH maceration

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Vizza ◽  
S Correr ◽  
V Goranova ◽  
R Heyn ◽  
PA Angelucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Amniotic Cavity ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Scanning Electron

The organization of the collagen fibrils in the human umbilical cord at term is directly visualized by means of a scanning electron microscopy cell maceration method. This technique clearly reveals that there is a much more extensive collagen fibrillar architecture within the umbilical cord than that reported in the classical histological descriptions. The Wharton's jelly, in fact, appears as a spongy network of interlacing collagen fibres and small woven bundles apparently arranged at random and forming a continuous soft skeleton that encases the umbilical vessels. The collagen fibrillar network shows the presence of a wide system of interconnected cavities consisting of canalicular-like structures as well as cavernous and perivascular spaces. This system of cavities might play a mechanical role allowing the storing of the ground substance of the jelly and its diffusion during twisting or compression. Furthermore, it may have an important role facilitating the diffusion throughout the jelly of diffused materials (i.e. water and trophic metabolites) either from or to the umbilical vessels and the amniotic cavity, thus overcoming the lace of a proper vasculature with the jelly.

Transition From the Fetal to Neonatal Circulation: Modeling the Effect of Umbilical Cord Clamping

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Kowalski ◽  
Berk M. Yigit ◽  
David J. R. Hutchon ◽  
Kerem Pekkan
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Transitional Flow ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Cord Clamping ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Umbilical Cord Clamping

The transition from fetal to neonatal circulation requires a concert of events to transfer gas exchange function from the placenta to the lungs and separate the pulmonary and systemic pathways. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) rapidly decreases within the first minutes of extrauterine life and continues to gradually decrease during the first week, increasing pulmonary blood flow and reducing pulmonary pressure [1, 2]. Umbilical vessels constrict, removing the placental circulation and leading to closure of the ductus venosus (DV) [2]. The increased left atrial filling and reduced right atrial filling results in permanent closure of the flap of the foramen ovale, removing the R→L interatrial shunt. Closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) completes the separation of the pulmonary and systemic circulations by 48 hours in 82% of term newborns and by 96 hours in 100% [3]. Removal of the placental circulation is routinely achieved by umbilical cord clamping (UCC) immediately after birth. This practice, however, has been called into question by many studies, which suggest that continued umbilical flow in the early neonate is beneficial, and immediate UCC can lead to infant anemia [4, 5]. Due to routine UCC, the effects of this practice on transitional flow patterns are largely unknown [1, 6]. We therefore developed a lumped parameter model (LPM) to study the role of UCC in the fetal to neonatal transition. Our model includes time-varying resistance functions that allow us to simulate the opening of the PVR and closure of the DA and umbilical vessels. This model demonstrates that UCC can lead to an earlier onset of DA flow reversal and slightly reduced cardiac output (CO).

Function of the umbilical cord and amnion

1927 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 849-849
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Arterial Walls ◽  
Ringer’S Solution

The function of the umbilical cord and amnion was studied by Runge by pouring Ringer's solution with Al'ethylenblau, Patentblau, Trypanblau and Kongoroth dyes at 3 centigrade of mercury into the umbilical vessels. It turned out that Trypanblau and Kongoroth did not diffuse through the vein walls, while the blue easily stained the entire tubule. Arterial walls were impenetrable for all dyes.

scholarly journals Absence of Wharton’s jelly: an association with feto-maternal morbidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1318
Author(s):  
Swati Trivedi ◽  
Lata Ratanoo ◽  
Shivani Purohit ◽  
Prasoon Rastogi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Wharton’S Jelly ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Umbilical Vessels ◽  
Lower Segment Caesarean Section ◽  
Wharton's Jelly

Umbilical cord contains two arteries and one vein connecting fetus to the placenta and is responsible for blood flow between the two. It is surrounded by Wharton’s jelly which is a gelatinous substance and functions as adventitia layer of umbilical vessels, thereby providing insulation and protection to the umbilical cord. Umbilical cord abnormalities are associated with poor perinatal outcomes. Very few cases of absent Wharton’s jelly are reported in literature. Ours might be the 8th one in which we did a lower segment caesarean section for meconium stained liquor but the baby died after 12 hours.

Ultrastructure of the Omphalomesenteric Duct Rest in the Umbilical Cord at Term

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
B. A. Clark ◽  
T. Okagaki
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Columnar Epithelium ◽  
Omphalomesenteric Duct ◽  
Umbilical Arteries

Vestiges of the omphalomesenteric or vitello-intestinal duct and the pathologic implications attributed to these remnants have been treated in great detail by several investigators. Persistence of the omphalomesenteric duct is associated with such conditions as Meckel's diverticulum, umbilical fistula, mucosal polyps, and sinuses or cysts of the umbilicus. Remnants of the duct in the umbilical cord, although infrequent, are located outside of the triangle formed by the two umbilical arteries and the umbilical vein, are usually discontinuous and are often represented by a small lumen lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium. This study will examine the ultrastructure of these cells.

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