Triglyceride Turnover, Lipoprotein Lipase Activity, and Fat Cell Size in Adipose Tissue of Rats during the First 2 Weeks of Pregnancy

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annica Sohlström ◽  
Ulrika Petterson ◽  
Elisabet Forsum
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Fat Cell Size

Lipogenesis and lipoprotein lipase in human adipose tissue: reproducibility of measurements and relationships with fat cell size

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1448-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Savard ◽  
Yves Deshaies ◽  
Jean-Pierre Després ◽  
Martine Marcotte ◽  
Ludwik Bukowiecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Diameter ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Cell Weight

Lipogenesis from glucose and lipoprotein lipase activity were investigated in humans. The reliability of measurements was quantified and correlations with fat cell weight were assessed. Twenty-four subjects (7 women, 17 men) were studied twice within a 2-week period, along with 17 additional male subjects who were studied once and used only in the correlation analyses. All subjects were not regularly involved in an exercise-training program and were between 18 and 30 years of age. Following an overnight fast, adipose tissue specimens were obtained by suprailiac biopsy and fat cells were collagenase isolated. Mean fat cell weight was obtained from 400 to 500 cell diameter determinations per subject. Basal and insulin-stimulated fat cell lipogenesis from glucose were determined using D-[U-14C]glucose and were reported in nanomoles of glucose per hour per 106 cells. Adipose tissue heparin-releasable lipoprotein lipase activity was also determined and expressed in micromoles of free fatty acids per hour per gram of tissue and per 106 cells. Fat cell weight, basal and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis and lipoprotein lipase activity per gram showed high reliability of measurement, interclass and intraclass coefficients being 0.83 and over. Lipoprotein lipase activity per 106 cells showed a somewhat lower degree of reliability, interclass and intraclass coefficients being, respectively, 0.69 and 0.81. On the other hand, fat cell weight was positively correlated with lipoprotein lipase activity (r = 0.80), while no significant correlation was observed between basal lipogenesis and fat cell weight. Moreover, basal lipogenesis presented no significant correlation with lipoprotein lipase activity. These results suggest that, under standardized conditions, and from a single tissue sample, human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and fat cell lipogenesis can be measured with a satisfactory level of reliability. They also suggest that lipoprotein lipase activity is highly related with adipocyte lipid content.

Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase and glycerol release in fasted Zucker (fa/fa) rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. E76-E83 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Gruen ◽  
M. R. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Glycerol Release ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Fat Cell Size ◽  
Cell Hypertrophy ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Rats

Fat cell hypertrophy occurs in most forms of obesity. In the obese Zucker rat, fat cell hypertrophy and increased lipoprotein lipase activity (LPL) are the earliest known signs of obesity. We studied the regulation of fat cell size in the obese Zucker rat by measuring changes in fat cell LPL activity and lipolysis in response to an overnight fast in 6- and 14-wk-old lean and obese rats. At both ages, fed obese rats had significantly increased fat cell size, LPL activity, and basal glycerol release in three adipose tissue depots compared to fed lean rats. Obese rats decreased LPL activity in response to fasting, but levels always remained equal to or greater than those in fed lean rats. Obese rats also showed a reduced lipolytic response to fasting. Thus, the obese rat after an overnight fast could not produce a coordinated response to fasting similar to the lean rat, and its homeostatic adjustments to this mild stimulus favored preservation of its enlarged fat cell size.

scholarly journals The early development of white adipose tissue. Effects of litter size on the lipoprotein lipase activity of four adipose-tissue depots, serum immunoreactive insulin and tissue cellularity during the first four weeks of life in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Cryer ◽  
Heather M. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Immunoreactive Insulin ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Fat Cell

1. Newborn rats were reared in litters of either four or sixteen individuals. The animals from the small litters gained body weight more rapidly than those from large litters during the first 29 days of postnatal life studied. 2. The relative weights of the perigenital, perirenal, subcutaneous and intramuscular white-adipose-tissue sites in the animals from small litters indicated their relative obesity compared with controls. 3. The adipose depots from animals reared in small litters had a greater proportion of lipid present, by weight, and had a greater number of larger fat-cells present in them compared with the depots of animals reared in large litters. 4. Compared with both normal-sized litter controls and animals reared in sixteens, during the period of study the animals from small litters were hypertriacylglycerolaemic but normocholesterolaemic. 5. During suckling the blood glucose concentrations of animals reared in fours were increased, as were the concentrations of circulating immunoreactive insulin. 6. During the 29 days of life studied, in general, the lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose depots from animals reared in fours was greater than for animals in large litters when expressed as μmol of nonesterified fatty acid released from the substrate/h per g fresh weight of tissue, per depot, or per million fat-cells, but were similar per cm2 of fat-cell surface area. 7. The previously noted [Cryer & Jones (1978) Biochem. J.172, 319–325] pattern of mid-suckling elevation, late-suckling decline and post-weaning increase in the lipoprotein lipase activity of the four white-adipose depots studied was not obliterated by the nutritional manipulations employed. 8. The relation of the enzyme-activity changes and their hormonal stimuli to triacylglycerol accumulation in fat-cells of animals from large and small litters is discussed in relation to the possible significance they may have to our understanding of neonatally induced obesity.

Hormonal modulation of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase may alter food intake in rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. E162-E167 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Steingrimsdottir ◽  
J. Brasel ◽  
M. R. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Fat Cell Size ◽  
Hormonal Modulation ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase

Daily injections of 5 mg progesterone for 3 wk preferentially increased parametrial depot weight and fat cell size in ovarian intact rats. Adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was also preferentially increased in the parametrial depot. LPL activity increased at 24 h, whereas food intake did not increase until 36 h after the first injection. Parametrial fat cell size was significantly increased by 84 h and increased further by 3 wk. Daily injections of 2.5 microgram of estradiol for 3 wk decreased fat cell size and LPL activity in the parametrial depot of female rats, whereas in vitro glycerol release was unchanged. Serum triglycerides were increased, but free fatty acids were unaffected. The data suggest that ovarian hormones affected fat cell size in the rat through their modulation of LPL activity. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that, during progesterone administration, preferential uptake of serum triglycerides into adipose stores decreases the availability of triglyceride-derived energy to the organism stimulating increased food intake.

scholarly journals Post-translational regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose tissue

1978 ◽  
Vol 176 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ashby ◽  
D P Bennett ◽  
I M Spencer ◽  
D S Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Dependent Part ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Energy Dependent

Changes in adipose-tissue lipoprotein lipase activity that are independent of protein synthesis were investigated in an incubation system in vitro. Under appropriate conditions at 25 degrees C a progressive increase in the enzyme activity occurs that is energy-dependent. Part of the enzyme is rapidly inactivated when the tissue is incubated with adrenaline or adrenaline plus theophylline. The mechanism of this inactivation appears to be distinct from, and to follow, the activation of the enzyme. A hypothesis is presented to account for the results in terms of an activation of the enzyme during obligatory post-translational processing and a catecholamine-regulated inactivation of the enzyme as an alternative to secretion from the adipocyte.

scholarly journals Increase in Lipoprotein Lipase Activity in Isolated Rat Adipose Tissue by Selenate.

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi UEKI ◽  
Yusuke OHKURA ◽  
Toshio MOTOYASHIKI ◽  
Nobuaki TOMINAGA ◽  
Tetsuo MORITA
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Rat Adipose Tissue ◽  
Isolated Rat
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