Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Respiratory Pathogens Isolated in an Italian University Hospital during a Period of Eight Years: A Statistical Analysis

Chemotherapy ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dos Santos ◽  
A. Capelo ◽  
M. Cimbro ◽  
A. Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals A between-Species Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistance in Enterobacteria in Fecal Flora

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1479-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Österblad ◽  
Antti Hakanen ◽  
Raija Manninen ◽  
Tiina Leistevuo ◽  
Reijo Peltonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Fecal Flora ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Resistance Data

ABSTRACT Enterobacteria in fecal flora are often reported to be highly resistant. Escherichia coli is the main species; resistance data on other species are rare. To assess the effect of the host's environment, antimicrobial resistance was determined in fecal species of the family Enterobacteriaceae from three populations: healthy people (HP)(n = 125) with no exposure to antimicrobials for 3 months preceding sampling, university hospital patients (UP) (n = 159) from wards where the antibiotic use was 112 defined daily doses (DDD)/bed/month, and geriatric long-term patients (LTP) (n = 74) who used 1.8 DDD/bed/month. The mean length of hospital stay was 5 days for the UP and 22 months for the LTP. The isolates were identified to at least genus level, and MICs of 16 antimicrobials were determined. From the university hospital, resistance data on clinicalEnterobacteriaceae isolates were also collected. Resistance data for on average two different isolates per sample (range, 1 to 5) were analyzed: 471 E. coli isolates and 261 otherEnterobacteriaceae spp. Resistance was mainly found amongE. coli; even in HP, 18% of E. coli isolates were resistant to two or more antimicrobial groups, with MIC patterns indicative of transferable resistance. Other fecal enterobacteria were generally susceptible, with little typically transferable multiresistance. Clinical Klebsiella andEnterobacter isolates were significantly more resistant than fecal isolates. The resistance patterns at both hospitals mirrored the patterns of antibiotic use, but LTP E. coli isolates were significantly more resistant than those from UP. Conditions permitting an efficient spread may have been more important in sustaining high resistance levels in the LTP. E. coli was the main carrier of antimicrobial resistance in fecal flora; resistance in other species was rare in the absence of antimicrobial selection.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profiles of urinary Escherichia coli isolates from Jordanian patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-328
Author(s):  
A. A. Shehabi ◽  
A. M. Mahafzah ◽  
K. Z. Al Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasmid Profiles ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Weinvestigated antimicrobial resistance patterns and plasmid profiles of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from inpatients and outpatients at Jordan University Hospital in 2000 and 2001. E. coli accounted for 32.4% and 37.4% of all isolates respectively. The lowest susceptibility was for ampicillin [11%], cotrimoxazole [23%] and tetracycline [26%]. The relative incidence of resistant isolates of E. coli to nalidixic acid, gentamicin, norfloxacin, cefuroxime and nitrofurantoin was significantly greater for inpatients than for outpatients [P< 0.05]. A large, transferable R-plasmid of 28 kb was found in most E. coli isolates [67%] that were resistant to at least ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and tetracycline. This R-plasmid reservoir may contribute to the spread of multiple antibiotic resistance in our Region

Usefulness of antimicrobial resistance pattern for detecting PVL- or TSST-1-producing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a French university hospital

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1337-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houssein Gbaguidi-Haore ◽  
Michelle Thouverez ◽  
Gérard Couetdic ◽  
Pascal Cholley ◽  
Daniel Talon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Pfge Typing ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin

Several recent reports have suggested that community-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones, particularly those harbouring genes for Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), are increasingly responsible for infections in hospitals. Here, a retrospective study was carried out to investigate whether antimicrobial resistance patterns could be used to detect these pathogens in a French university hospital. Isolates were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, PCR profiling (PVL genes and tst), PFGE typing and multilocus sequence typing. Demographic and clinical data were collected from all patients. For PVL-positive MRSA, the typical antimicrobial resistance pattern (susceptible to fluoroquinolones, non-susceptible to fusidic acid, kanamycin resistant and susceptible to gentamicin and tobramycin) had a sensitivity of 77.8 % and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100 %. For tst-positive MRSA, the antimicrobial resistance pattern (susceptible to fluoroquinolones and non-susceptible to fusidic acid) had a sensitivity of 100 % and a PPV of 72.4 %. These results suggest that phenotypic rules based on antimicrobial resistance patterns are potentially useful for the detection of PVL- and tst-positive MRSA isolates.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance patterns of respiratory pathogens: a local report from Turkey

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1257-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Zarakolu ◽  
Guner Soyletir ◽  
Deniz Gur ◽  
Serhat Unal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Statistical analysis of cutaneous malignant lymphoma in the department of dermatology, Akita university hospital.

1989 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Noriko SATO ◽  
Okitaka MAIE ◽  
Toshiko MASAHASHI ◽  
Hironobu MURAI ◽  
Yuhei TADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
University Hospital
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