scholarly journals Implementation of analytical technologies in a pharmaceutical development organization looking into the next millennium

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Nigel North
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Laboratory Automation ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Managing the implementation of new technology in a pharmaceutical development environment has provided challenges and opportunities to obtain benefits from technologies, e.g. laboratory automation. Successful application of new techniques requires a dedicated resource. Within Pharmaceutical Technologies, this was initially a single person, who has since evolved into a team dedicated to the investigation and development of robotics and non-invasive analytical techniques. Pharmaceutical development is an important interface between research and commercial manufacturing. In research, the success of genomics and combinatorial chemistry will result in a significant increase in the number of development compounds, and this, combined with the desire of commercial manufacturing to move towards parametric release, puts an emphasis on the need for rapid analytical methods. Some ideas on the techniques that will be required to meet these goals will be described together with their impact on automation.

scholarly journals A centralized global automation group in a decentralized organization

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Ormand ◽  
Jimmy Bruner ◽  
Larry Birkemo ◽  
Judy Hinderliter-Smith ◽  
Jeffrey Veitch
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Group Development ◽  
Laboratory Automation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Development Support ◽  
Automation Strategies ◽  
And Training ◽  
A Current

In the latter part of the 1990s, many companies have worked to foster a ‘matrix’ style culture through several changes in organizational structure. This type of culture facilitates communication and development of new technology across organizational and global boundaries. At Glaxo Wellcome, this matrix culture is reflected in an automation strategy that relies on both centralized and decentralized resources. The Group Development Operations Information Systems Robotics Team is a centralized resource providing development, support, integration, and training in laboratory automation across businesses in the Development organization. The matrix culture still presents challenges with respect to communication and managing the development of technology. A current challenge for our team is to go beyond our recognized role as a technology resource and actually to influence automation strategies across the global Development organization. We shall provide an overview of our role as a centralized resource, our team strategy, examples of current and past successes and failures, and future directions.

A Measure of Impact for Platform Changes

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro J. Rojas ◽  
Marcos Esterman
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Product Platform ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Product Platforms ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
The Impact

In today’s product development environment, most companies develop product platforms rather than individual products due to the time and cost savings that are reaped from subsequent development efforts. Most of the product platform development literature focuses on the development decisions for a product platform while it is under development, which is logically where the biggest benefits would be gained. However when a new market or a new technology arises, firms often struggle to assess these opportunities within the context of their existing product platforms. There is relatively little work that examines the product platform decisions after the platform has been developed and new, unanticipated opportunities are presented to the development organization. The focus of this work is to leverage the existing literature to development an impact assessment process that explicitly accounts for the constraints of a preexisting product platform when considering new technology and/or market opportunities. In this paper, an overview of the overall assessment process is presented. This is followed by the development of the impact metrics and a case study to illustrate the assessment process. The paper concludes with the next step in this work.

Failure Analysis on Power Trench MOSFET Devices with Copper Wire Bonds

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixian Wu ◽  
Arthur Chiang ◽  
David Le ◽  
Win Pratchayakun
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Wire Bonding ◽  
Bonding Process ◽  
Wire Bonds ◽  
Copper Wire Bonding ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Microelectronic Components

Abstract With gold prices steadily going up in recent years, copper wire has gained popularity as a means to reduce cost of manufacturing microelectronic components. Performance tradeoff aside, there is an urgent need to thoroughly study the new technology to allay any fear of reliability compromise. Evaluation and optimization of copper wire bonding process is critical. In this paper, novel failure analysis and analytical techniques are applied to the evaluation of copper wire bonding process. Several FA/analytical techniques and FA procedures will be discussed in detail, including novel laser/chemical/plasma decapsulation, FIB, wet chemical etching, reactive ion etching (RIE), cross-section, CSAM, SEM, EDS, and a combination of these techniques. Two case studies will be given to demonstrate the use of these techniques in copper wire bonded devices.

scholarly journals Characterization and Identification of Varnishes on Copper Alloys by Means of UV Imaging and FTIR

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Miriam Truffa Giachet ◽  
Julie Schröter ◽  
Laura Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Artificial Ageing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Uv Imaging ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Analytical Tools

The application of varnishes on the surface of metal objects has been a very common practice since antiquity, both for protective and aesthetic purposes. One specific case concerns the use of tinted varnishes on copper alloys in order to mimic gilding. This practice, especially flourishing in the 19th century for scientific instruments, decorative objects, and liturgical items, results in large museum collections of varnished copper alloys that need to be preserved. One of the main challenges for conservators and restorers deals with the identification of the varnishes through non-invasive and affordable analytical techniques. We hereby present the experimental methodology developed in the framework of the LacCA and VERILOR projects at the Haute École ARC of Neuchâtel for the identification of gold varnishes on brass. After extensive documentary research and analytical campaigns on varnished museum objects, various historic shellac-based varnishes were created and applied by different methods on a range of brass substrates with different finishes. The samples were then characterized by UV imaging and infrared spectroscopy before and after artificial ageing. The comparative study of these two techniques was performed for different thicknesses of the same varnish and for different shellac grades in order to implement an identification methodology based on simple non-invasive examination and analytical tools, which are accessible to conservators.

scholarly journals Embedding Formative Assessment in Blended Learning Environment: The Case of Secondary Chinese Language Teaching in Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Kwong Tung Chan
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Language Assessment ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Assessment Literacy ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Lesson Delivery ◽  
Teaching Learning

The fast global spread of COVID-19 has resulted in the mass disruption of teaching, learning, as well as assessment, in mainstream schools in Singapore. Teachers were caught unprepared and this jeopardised the quality of classroom delivery and assessment. The Ministry of Education has since shifted to an online asynchronous mode of teaching whilst attempting to keep the face-to-face method of lesson delivery, to which it is called ‘blended learning’ (BL) in the local context. Besides being propelled to learn and use new technology tools for online lessons, teachers also need to quickly explore to embed formative assessment (FA) in the new BL environment to substitute traditional classroom assessment. In this context, I argue that teachers’ language assessment literacy (LAL), pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and e-pedagogy are vital to the success of embedding FA in BL. Following, I also describe some tentative predictions for future challenges and opportunities of embedding FA in the BL environment of secondary Chinese Language (CL) teaching in Singapore. On this basis, I discuss the ways in which current conceptualisations of language assessment literacy will need to shift in response to these challenges. Finally, I make some recommendations for practice based on this argument.

scholarly journals Challenges and opportunities for monitoring wild Nile crocodiles with scute mark-recapture photography

Koedoe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard W.T. Coetzee ◽  
Sam M. Ferreira ◽  
Kristine Maciejewski
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Open Population ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild

The global conservation status of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) was last assessed in 1996. The species presents particular difficulty in monitoring because it can be cryptic, require expertise to handle, and caudal tail tags and transmitters are often lost. Some studies advocate mark-recapture techniques based on photograph identification of the unique scute markings of crocodile tails as a non-invasive means of monitoring their populations. Researchers developed this method with crocodiles in captivity. In this study, we test the technique under field conditions by monitoring crocodiles from 2015 to 2017 in the Sunset Dam in the Kruger National Park. Using a Cormack-Jolly-Seber open population model, we found that the dam may host 15–30 individuals, but that there is a high turnover of individuals and much uncertainty in model outputs. The dam’s population thus has high rates of immigration and emigration. The method proved challenging under field conditions, as there was bias in identifying scute markings consistently. The efficient use of the method requires an exceptional quality of photographic equipment. Animal crypsis, however, remains an issue. In this study, we discuss how to improve the mark-recapture photography methodology, especially to adapt the technique for citizen science initiatives.Conservation implications: Using scute mark-recapture photography presents challenges under field conditions. These challenges require innovative, practical and analytical solutions to successfully use the technique before monitoring programmes, aimed at ensuring the persistence of crocodiles in the wild, can be implemented.

scholarly journals Pulmonary hypertension: Proteins in the blood

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Disease ◽  
Plasma Proteome ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Small Aliquot

The plasma proteome is rich in information. It comprises proteins that are secreted or lost from cells as they respond to their local environment. Changes in the constitution of the plasma proteome offer a relatively non-invasive report on the health of tissues. This is particularly true of the lung in pulmonary hypertension, given the large surface area of the pulmonary vasculature in direct communication with blood. So far, this is relatively untapped; we have relied on proteins released from the heart, specifically brain natriuretic peptide and troponin, to inform clinical management. New technology allows the measurement of a larger number of proteins that cover a broad range of molecular pathways in a single small aliquot. The emerging data will yield more than just new biomarkers of pulmonary hypertension for clinical use. Integrated with genomics and with the help of new bioinformatic tools, the plasma proteome can provide insight into the causative drivers of pulmonary vascular disease and guide drug development.

Self-disclosure, Privacy and the Internet

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam N. Joinson ◽  
Carina B. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Product And Process

This article examines the extant research literature on self-disclosure and the Internet, in particular by focusing on disclosure in computer-mediated communication and web-based forms – both in surveys and in e-commerce applications. It also considers the links between privacy and self-disclosure, and the unique challenges (and opportunities) that the Internet poses for the protection of privacy. Finally, the article proposes three critical issues that unite the ways in which we can best understand the links between privacy, self-disclosure, and new technology: trust and vulnerability, costs and benefits, and control over personal information. Central to the discussion is the notion that self-disclosure is not simply the outcome of a communication encounter: rather, it is both a product and process of interaction, as well as a way of regulating interaction dynamically. By adopting a privacy approach to understanding disclosure online, it becomes possible to consider not only media effects that encourage disclosure, but also the wider context and implications of such communicative behaviours.

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