scholarly journals Reconstruction of GABAergic Transmission and Behavior by Striatal Cell Grafts in Rats with Ischemic Infarcts in the Middle Cerebral Artery

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoo Nishino ◽  
Noritaka Aihara ◽  
András Czurko ◽  
Takeshi Hashitani ◽  
Yoshiaki Isobe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Avoidance Performance ◽  
Rat Striatum ◽  
Gaba Uptake ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Gaba Transmission ◽  
And Behavior

Fetal striatal cell suspensions were grafted stereotaxically into the infarcted striatum of rats, and reconstruction of striatopallidal GABA transmission and behavior were investigated. Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) for one hour induced ischemic infarcts mainly in the lateral striatum, as detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology. Ischemic rats had deficits in the performance of a passive avoidance task, both acquisition and retention, but no changes in general circadian actograms. In these animals pallidal GABA, detected by microdialysis, decreased to about half of control levels. There were suggestions of an improvement in passive avoidance performance in the grafted animals. Pallidal GABA concentrations recovered almost to control levels, and were increased by infusions of the GABA uptake blocker nipecotic acid. These data indicate that neural transplantation is a promising approach to improve the deficits in chemical transmission and behavior following ischemic infarcts in rat striatum.

scholarly journals Spatial Cognitive Performance after Chronic Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Yonemori ◽  
Tohru Yamaguchi ◽  
Hideki Yamada ◽  
Akira Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Percent Time ◽  
Morris Maze

The authors investigated the impairment of spatial cognitive performance in rats with chronic focal cerebral ischemia using the Morris maze, and examined the correlation between this deficit and other behavioral changes, such as step-through latency in passive avoidance task and neurologic score, or pathologic changes. The authors focused on the relationship between the damaged brain region and the affected spatial learning behavior. In the Morris maze task at 8 weeks after the middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, escape latency, swimming path length, and percent time spent in goal quadrant of MCA-occluded rats were impaired, which correlated with shrinkage of the cortex involving parietal cortex, but not caudate-putamen (CP). Middle cerebral artery-occluded rats were also impaired in the percent time spent in the outermost annulus and in turning ratio, which significantly correlated with shrinkage of CP, but not cortex. Middle cerebral artery-occluded rats showed two typical search patterns; one was almost the same as that of sham-operated and intact rats, and the other was round shaped and had less turning behavior. Both subgroups of MCA-occluded rats divided by turning ratio had significantly impaired spatial cognitive performance, which indicates that the changes of search pattern did not affect cognitive performance in the Morris maze. The neurologic deficits recovered gradually after MCA occlusion, which correlated with shrinkage of cortex and CP. The step-through latency in passive avoidance task of the MCA-occluded rats was impaired, but did not correlate with shrinkage of cortex or CP. These results suggest that the long-term spatial cognitive deficit of MCA-occluded rats is in part associated with damage to the cortex involving parietal cortex, and that the change of search strategies is associated with damage to CP. These findings support the idea that different brain regions contribute differently to cognitive performance, search strategies, avoidance task, and neurologic performance, and may be useful for estimating the related region of functional disorder in the clinical situation.

scholarly journals Effect of Donepezil on Group II mGlu Receptor Agonist- or Antagonist-Induced Amnesia on Passive Avoidance in Mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Sato ◽  
Koh-ichi Tanaka ◽  
Yoshiko Ohnishi ◽  
Masahiro Irifune ◽  
Takashige Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Avoidance Performance ◽  
Ache Inhibitor ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Mglu Receptor ◽  
Group Ii

We examined the effect of the acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) inhibitor, donepezil hydrocloride (DONP), on group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor agonist- or antagonist-induced amnesia in the step-through passive avoidance task in male mice. DCG-IV, a group II mGlu receptor agonist, at dose of 50 ng and LY341495, a group II mGlu receptor antagonist, at dose of 300 ng, significantly attenuated the latency on the step-through task. The subcutaneous injection of DONP at dose of 1 mg/kg 1 hour before passive avoidance performance ameliorated the amnesia induced by DCG-IV and LY341495, whereas donepezil alone did not affect task latency. The results suggest that activation of group II mGlu receptors and disinhibition of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway (caused by group II mGlu receptor antagonist) have a negative action on step-through passive avoidance memory performance, and that group II mGlu receptors and ACh interact to modulate learning and memory function.

Neuronal loss and gliosis in the rat striatum subjected to 15 and 30 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joon Ha Park ◽  
Jeong Hwi Cho ◽  
Ji Hyeon Ahn ◽  
Soo Young Choi ◽  
Tae-Kyeong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Rat Striatum ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

scholarly journals Melioidosis with endocarditis and massive cerebral infarct

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor C. Abdulla ◽  
Jemshad Alungal
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Liver Lesion ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Territory ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Upper Abdominal

Endocarditis due to melioidosis is rare. A 60-year-old male was admitted with upper abdominal pain and vomiting for one month. Contrast enhancing computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed multiple hepatic, splenic and pancreatic nonenhancing cystic lesions. Culture of CT guided aspirate from the liver lesion showed growth of <em>Burkholderia pseudomallei</em>. He was started on ceftazidime and cotrimoxazole. Four days after admission patient developed decreased speech and response. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR angioram brain showed massive infarct in the middle cerebral artery territory and occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Echocardiogram showed vegetation in the aortic valve. He was diagnosed to have disseminated melioidosis with endocarditis resulting in massive infarct in the middle cerebral artery territory.

Locomotor and passive avoidance deficits following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesario V. Borlongan ◽  
David W. Cahill ◽  
Paul R. Sanberg
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Cerebral Artery
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